HATFIELD POLYTECHNIC COMPUTER CENTRE
MIC
MACRO INTERPRETED COMMANDS
USER'S GUIDE - EDITION 2.6
JUNE 1975
This guide reflects features of version 5(35) of MIC.
Release 2.
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HATFIELD POLYTECHNIC COMPUTER CENTRE - JUNE. 1975
CONTENTS
1. Introduction.
2. Introducing a MIC Command.
3. Constructing MIC Macro Command Files.
4. Commands derived from DECsystem-10
Multi-programming Batch.
4.1 GOTO/BACKTO Command.
4.2 ERROR/NOERROR Command.
4.3 IF Command.
4.4 OPERATOR/NOOPERATOR Command.
4.5 SILENCE/REVIVE Command.
4.6 PLEASE Command.
5. LET Command.
5.1 Byte Subscripting for String
Expressions.
5.2 Multiple LET Statements.
5.3 Parameters in Outer Processes.
6. Extensions to the IF Command.
6.1 Parameters in Outer Processes.
7. Simple Interaction with MIC.
7.1 OPERATOR/NOOPERATOR command.
7.2 MIC RESPONSE Command.
8. MIC Control Commands.
8.1 MIC ABORT Command
8.2 MIC CANCEL Command
8.3 MIC BREAK Command.
8.4 MIC PROCEED Command.
8.5 MIC EXIT Command.
9. System Parameters.
9.1 Parameter Substitution.
9.2 GETTABS.
10. LET Extensions.
10.1 Use of System Parameters
10.2 Use of System Parameters in arithmetic
assignments.
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11. Non Procedural calls to MIC
(WHENEVER/ON Command.)
11.1 Multiple WHENEVER/ON commands.
12. MIC SET Command.
12.1 COLUMN1.
12.2 CONTROL.
12.3 PARAMETERS.
12.4 SPECIALS.
12.5 FINMATCH.
12.6 Multiple SET Commands.
Index
APPENDIX A. Examples of MIC commands.
APPENDIX B. Command Summary.
APPENDIX C. Syntax of Integer and String Expressions.
APPENDIX D. Error Messages.
Index of Error Codes.
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mACRO INTERPRETED COMMANDS
1) Introduction
Standard DECsystem 10 software provides a powerful but complex
command interface. Novice terminal users lose much time through
an unforgiving command decoder and the expert resents the
verbosity of the average command string.Although the concise
command language (C.C.L) does allow many simplifications to
system commands,new commands may not readily be defined.
With MIC a user may create a new command simply by
writing any desired sequence of monitor and user mode commands
in a disk file. To cause the command to be obeyed the user
types to monitor the filename preceded by the command word
"DO " .
e.g.
If the file DTASAV.MIC contains the text-
.R PIP
*DTAX:/X/B=FRED.TXT
*^C
.DIR DTAX:
The user could obey the command file thus-
.DO DTASAV
.R PIP
*DTAX:/X/B=FRED.TXT
*^C
.DIR DTAX:
In this sequence of commands only the first line the
"MIC command" was typed by the user. If the user often required
this sequence of commands the command macro DTASAV.MIC would
save a considerable amount of typing.
To allow more generalised commands to be constructed a MIC
command may have parameters:
The command macro DTASAV.MIC would be made more useful if the
file contained the text-
.R PIP
*DTA'A:/X/B='B
*^C
.DIR DTA'A:
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The rules for parameter substitution are simple. When 'A
is encountered in the command file the first parameter is
substituted.The first parameter in the macro DTASAV is the
dectape number,the second parameter is the file name to be
transferred.
Up to 26 user parameters are allowed ('A to 'Z).
To write the file PETE.MAC to DTA3 the command would be-
.DO DTASAV 3,PETE.MAC
The parameters to a MIC command are separated by commas. (See
also section 2.)
The command file may be of any size and is typed by MIC line by
line exactly as if the user had typed it.MIC will only type a
line when the job requires input. To stop MIC typein the user
must type control C.
Using the above information a user can easily make his own
commands. Additonal facilities in MIC are provided to allow-
1. Parameters to be manipulated during the processing
of a MIC command.
2. Conditonal branching within the command macro.
3. Detecting and processing error conditons
Note
MIC command files may themselves contain MIC commands.
In this case the "nested processes" each have their own
parameters but inner processes may access the parameters in an
outer process. This is described later.
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2) Introducing a MIC command
To cause MIC macro command file to be obeyed a monitor command
of the following form is used-
.DO <Standard device-file specification> <parameter list>
The first argument to the "DO" command specifies the
command file to be obeyed, in the form DEV:FILENAME.EXT[PPN].
If the user does not specify where the command file is
held, his own area is searched first followed by the system's
device.
The default extension for the MACRO file is "MIC". The
full default filespec is DSK:MIC.MIC in the users own area.
The parameter list follows after a separator character
(space or tab).Parameters are separated by commas. All brackets
in the parameter list must match.A comma between matched
brackets does not separate parameters. Outer matching < and >
brackets are removed before the parameter is substituted
e.g.
.DO C[105,13] TWO
MIC macro file is C.MIC in area [105,13].
'A would substitute as TWO.
.DO C A[105,13],3
MIC macro file is "C.MIC" on the user's own area or "SYS".
'A would substitute as A[105,13].
'B would sustitute as 3.
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3). Constructing MIC macro command files
A MIC file may contain any ASCII text with or without
line numbers.
As in batch control files some characters are treated
specially as the file is processed.
Character Position Meaning
. At start of line Remaining text on this
line may only be typed
to monitor.
* At start of line Remaining text on this
line may only be typed
as program input.
= At start of line Suppress carriage return
at the end of this line.
Useful for command
macros containing DDT
and TECO commands
! or ; At start of line Treat line as a
comment.Line is still
displayed on the user
Teletype but not typed
to the job. ("!"
overrides silence
condition ";" does not )
^X any Convert character "X" to
control X before
it is typed.
'A any substitute parameter A
If a special character is to be treated literally it must be
repeated .
e.g.
''A will be typed as 'A and not cause the substitution of
parameter A.
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4). Commands derived from DECsystem-10 multi-program batch
4.1) GOTO/BACKTO command
As with batch control files a MIC command file may have
some lines labelled.
Using the MIC monitor commands GOTO and BACKTO the
sequential processing of the MIC command may be interrupted.
The argument to the GOTO/BACKTO command is an identifier
of one to six alphanumeric characters which is used to indicate
the label in the MIC command file where processing is to resume.
The appropriate labels in the command file are delimited
by :: and must be at the start of a line.
e.g.
FRED::.DIRECT
n.b. That, if, when MIC is searching a command file for the
first occurence of the required label, it comes across a "%FIN"
label, this will satisfy the search and processing of the
command file will be resumed at that point.
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4.2) ERROR/NOERROR command
As the MIC command file is processed an error may occur.
Often a message is displayed on the user Teletype preceded by a
question mark (?) Character.
By using the error command the user may specify which
character is to be treated as denoting an error condition when
it is displayed at the start of a line.
The argument to the error command is any single ASCII
printing character.
e.g.
.ERROR %
.ERROR ?
If no argument is supplied to an ".ERROR" command a
question mark (?) is assumed.
The command NOERROR is used to turn off error checking.
If an error is detected MIC will check if the next monitor
command is an IF command.If this is so processing will continue
there,otherwise the command file is searched for a %FIN or a
%CERR before typein is resumed.If this fails MIC will display on
the users Teletype
[ABORT ON ERROR]
and stop processing the MIC command file.
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4.3) IF command
The IF command is used to conditionally process a
monitor command.
e.g.
.IF (ERROR) .GOTO EER5
.IF (NOERROR) .DO UPDATE 13
The monitor command is obeyed if the specified condition is
true. The alternatives MIC provides for the ERROR/NOERROR
conditional are discussed later.
Unlike DECsystem-10 batch the monitor level commands
IF,ERROR,NOERROR,GOTO,BACKTO when obeyed in a MIC macro command
file actually run the program MIC
A batch control file called JOB1.CTL could be executed at the
users Teletype using the command-
.DO JOB1.CTL
Users who wish to use MIC in this way should note the
default error status when a MIC command is executed at the
Teletype is "NOERROR".
4.4) OPERATOR Command.
The Batch command "OPERATOR" is also used in MIC, its
operation is described in section 7.1 .
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4.5) SILENCE/REVIVE Command
These commands are used to suppress typeout on the user
Teletype throughout an uninteresting sequence of commands.
Another monitor level command may be placed on the same
line as a SILENCE or REVIVE command.
e.g.
.REVIVE .DIR
This has the useful effect of reviving the tty output
after the "DIR" command has been typed. Thus the user sees only
the output from the command not the command itself.
N.B.
A whole command file may be automatically silenced if
the file is given the protection code <2??>. This may be
overridden in the command file by the ".REVIVE" command.
4.6) PLEASE command
Unlike DECsystem-10 batch this command is used to
communicate with the initiator of the MIC command.The argument
is displayed on the user Teletype regardless of the
SILENCE/REVIVE switch.
If the please command is terminated by an altmode MIC
typein proceeds normally otherwise typein is suspended by a
[BREAK] until the user types ^P or a MIC PROCEED command to
proceed and [PROCEED] is displayed.
e.g.
.PLEASE LOAD DECTAPE 345
.PLEASE THANKS$
::::
In fact all batch pseudo-commands are legal monitor
commands when obeyed from a MIC command file. MIC extends the
batch command format (SEE SECTION 6) and provides several new
commands. Users unfamiliar with DECsystem-10 batch facilities
should read DECsystem-10 BEGINNERS GUIDE TO MULTI-PROGRAM BATCH
for a fuller description of the batch comands.
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5). LET command
The general form of the MIC monitor command "LET" is-
.LET <parameter name>=<expression>
Integer or string expressions may be used.
Users parameters to MIC command macro files are held within MIC
as ASCII strings.
During the execution of a MIC command macro the LET monitor
command may be used to change any of the parameters (A thro' Z).
e.g.
.LET C="THIS IS THE NEW PARAMETER C"
After this command 'C in the MIC command file would cause the
substitution of the text-
THIS IS THE NEW PARAMETER C
In fact "THIS IS THE NEW PARAMETER C" is the simplest form of a
string expression.A more complicated command sequence could be-
.DO TEST FRED,BAK
.LET Z=$A+"."+$B+"[105,113]"
Dollar A ($A) is used as a reference to the string parameter A.
Plus (+) is a simple concatenation operator.
After the let command the parameter z would substitute as the
text-
FRED.BAK[105,113]
Note:-
In LET statements which include a carriage return/line feed
within the string quotes MIC will display a "--" at the start of
the new line.
Simple integer expressions are allowed in the LET command-
e.g.
.LET B=3+C*3^D-4/(A+B)
In this example A B and C are used as references to the value of
the parameters when read as integers.If any referenced parameter
may not be read as an integer an error will result.The operators
+ * / - ^ have the usual meaning and precedence. Round brackets
may be used to alter the usual precedence
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5.1) Byte subscripting for string expressions
Often in the LET command it is required to construct new
parameters. The simple string expression has been extended to
provide powerful character subscripting facilities.
The format for a simple subscripted string expression is-
$A.[<First subscript>,<second subscript>]
Here A may be A-Z .The first subscript is used to specify the
first parameter in character <A> to be used in the subscripted
string.The second subscript specifies the length of the
constructed string.Consider parameter <A> to be a string
numbered as follows-
FIG 1 Character string N bytes long
If the second subscript is omitted the length of the constructed
string defaults to one character.
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e.g.
If the parameter A contained the text ABCDEF
Command result after command
.LET B=$A.[1] A
.LET B=$A.[2] B
.LET B=$A.[-1] F
.LET B=$A.[99] <null>
If the first subscript is out of range a null string is
constructed. Extending the previous example for two subscripts
.LET B=$A.[1,2] AB
.LET B=$A.[3,2] CD
Subscripts themselves may be string expresions-
.LET B=$A.["AB","F"] CDE
This construction means copy the string in parameter A between
the text AB and F to parameter B.
Repeated subscripts are allowed-
.LET B="DSK:FILE.EXT[105,113]"
.LET B=$B.[":","."].[1,"["] FILE
This construction means truncate the object string in parameter
B after the character ":" at the character "." Or the character
"[".
5.2) Multiple LET Statements.
Several LET assignments may follow the one "LET"
statement by terminating every assignment except the last , by a
comma.
e.g.
.LET A=1+2,C=$B.[1,2],D=C+"ABCDE"
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5.3) Parameters in Outer Processes.
Parameters in an outer MIC process may be referenced in
the inner process by following the parameter by a digit
corresponding to the process level - the current process is
regarded as being level 0 ,the first surrounding process is
level 1 and so on.
Thus:-
.LET B=C1
sets B equal to the contents of the parameter C of the first
enclosing process.
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6) Extensions to the IF command
Using the LET command complicated MIC command parameters may be
broken down.The conditional expression in the MIC IF command may
be used to make more generalised comparisons. Using relational
operators strings or integers may be compared.
Relational operator meaning
> Greater than
>= Greater than or equal
= Equal
# Not equal
<= Less than or equal
< Less than
String comparison occurs from left to right.Corresponding
characters are extracted from the constructed strings and if
they are not the same or either string is exhausted, the
relational operator is applied to the two characters using their
ASCII value. String expressions may not be compared with
arithmetic.
A conditional expression containing a syntax error has the value
FALSE. If the error trapping feature has been enabled using the
ERROR command the ERROR and NOERROR conditional can be used to
alter command processing appropriately.
If the conditional expression is true MIC will pass characters
after the first character "." on the right of the conditional to
the monitor. If the conditional is false , remaining commands
on the if line are ignored.
e.g.
.IF (A>B) .GOTO LABEL
.IF ($A="TRUE") .BACKTO TRUE
.IF (ERROR) .GOTO FIX
N.B. In the first example parameters A and B must contain text
which may be read as an integer.$A is used to reference the
contents of parameter A as a string.
6.1) Parameters in Outer Processes.
Parameters in outer processes may be referred to in "IF"
statements by the method described in section 5.3 .
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7) Simple interaction with MIC.
A MIC command is obeyed as if the the user had typed the
same text on the Teletype-"type ahead" is not allowed. Some
characters have a special meaning if typed by the user as the
MIC command is obeyed.
As MIC commands may be nested control A is used to abort the
current MIC process and return to the level above.
Control C will cancel all MIC processess the user has in
progress.An appropriate message is displayed on the Teletype.
To allow limited user intervention control B will suspend
MIC typein and display [BREAK].The MIC process may be continued
by the user typing a PROCEED command or a control P. The
message [PROCEED] will then be displayed.
Note that while a process is suspended a user may type
MIC commands on the teletype as well as any monitor
commands.This implies that the MIC control functions have their
usual effect, and , for example, using a control C to exit from
"PIP" will cancel the suspended MIC process.
7.1) OPERATOR/NOOPERATOR commands.
Similar to the ERROR command the OPERATOR command takes
as its argument one ASCII printing character to be treated as
introducing a line requiring user attention.If the operator
character is seen output in column 1,MIC will suspend typein and
display [BREAK]. The user may supply typein as required and
type control P (PROCEED) to continue processing the command
file. During a BREAK the operator character may be output again
in column one to PROCEED automatically, AND [PROCEED] will be
displayed.
e.g.
.OPERATOR N
.RUN TEST
NOW TYPE IN YOUR NAME = [BREAK]CYRIL
NICE ONE CYRIL
.[PROCEED]GOTO IT
The operator features are only available after an OPERATOR
command. The default character to the operator command is "?".
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7.2) MIC RESPONSE COMMAND
Often it is required to inspect text displayed by program
particularly when it denotes an error.The MIC response command
allows characters displayed after an error character in column
one to be placed in a named parameter. The format for a MIC
response command is-
.MIC RESPONSE <parameter name>(<number of characters required>)
e.g.
MIC RESPONSE A(21)
If the error feature has been enabled up to 79 characters
following the error character will be placed in the named
parameter.The command is used to reserve space for the response
and the parameter is filled with spaces. When an error occurs
the text on the error line is copied character by character
until a null character is encountered in the reserved space or
in the error text.Any remaining space is removed from the named
parameter.
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8). MIC CONTROL COMMANDS
8.1) MIC ABORT Command
Format
.MIC ABORT
MIC aborts current process as if the user had typed
control A and the message [ABORT] is displayed.
8.2) MIC CANCEL command
Format
.MIC CANCEL
MIC cancels all pending MIC commands as if control C was
typed and the message [CANCEL] is displayed.
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8.3) MIC BREAK command
Format
.MIC BREAK
MIC suspends typein until -
-operator character displayed
-control P typed
-MIC proceed command
and the message [BREAK] is displayed. This command has the same
effect as the user typing control B.
8.4) MIC PROCEED Command
Format
.MIC PROCEED
MIC resumes typein if a process has been suspended by a [BREAK],
and the message [PROCEED] is displayed. The user typing control
P has the same effect.
8.5). MIC EXIT Command
Format
.MIC EXIT
MIC cancels but no message is displayed.
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9). System Parameters
9.1) Parameter Substitution
A construction of the form '<sytem parameter name> allows access
to various system parameters.
e.g.
'<job> is replaced by the user's job number.
the full set of system parameters is:-
system parameter name substitutes as
PPN [PROJECT,PROGRAMMER]
TTY LINE NUMBER
JOB JOB NUMBER
PROJECT PROJECT NUMBER
PROGRAMMER PROGRAMMER NUMBER
GETTAB(<table>,<index>,<radix>)
entry in GETTAB table in
the appropriate radix
Thus the following :-
! MY PPN IS '<PPN>
! MY TTY IS TTY'<TTY>
! THIS JOB IS JOB NUMBER '<JOB>
Would result in :-
MY PPN IS [2250,7]
MY TTY IS TTY21
THIS JOB IS JOB NUMBER 10
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9.2) GETTABS
The three parameters of a GETTAB are:-
Table
The table number in decimal of the required
GETTAB table. The default is table 0.
Item
The index to the entry in the table. This index
is in decimal,and the default value is the user's job number.
Note that as in the GETTAB UUO -1 may be used to imply the
user's job number.
Radix
This is an integer from the following set which
is used to decode the entry in the GETTAB table.
RADIX MEANING
1 BINARY (DEFAULT SETTING )
2 ASCII
3 SIXBIT
4 DECIMAL
5 OCTAL
6 PPN -GIVES "[PROJECT,PROGRAMMER]"
7 TIME IN HH:MM:SS
As an example of the use of GETTABS.
!'<GETTAB(25,-1,3)>'<GETTAB(26,-1,3)>
would cause the user's "USERNAME" to be output.
Note:-
Constructions of the form
!'<GETTAB(25,'<JOB>,3>
are acceptable. As is:-
!'<GETTAB(25,'A,3)>
where A is a parameter
In a similar manner to the GETTAB UUO -1 may be used
instead of the user's job number as the GETTAB index.
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10). LET Extensions.
10.1) Use of System Parameters
The LET command has been extended from that described
earlier to allow the user access to the system parameters
described in section 9. By using the LET statement with a
system parameter on the right hand side a user may use the byte
subscripting features of MIC to abstract the portions of a
system parameter that he requires.
.LET B=$JOB
This statement will store the user's job number in
parameter B.
Similarly,
.LET B=$PROJECT
will place the user's project number in parameter B.
Concatenation of system parameters is allowed,
e.g.
.LET B="["+$PROJECT+","+$PROGRAMMER+"]"
may be used to obtain the PPN of a MIC user.
Byte subscription of system parameters is allowed,
.LET B=$PROJECT.[-1]
would give the rightmost digit of a user's project
number.
10.2) Use of System Parameters in arithmetic assignments
System parameters may also be used on arithmetic
assignments, however, as all except "JOB" and "GETTAB" return
only octal numbers it is not normally a sensible operation,
except with "JOB" AND "GETTAB"
e.g.
.LET A=JOB+2
or
.LET A=GETTAB(1,2,4)+JOB-3
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11). Non Procedural Calls To MIC
Simple user interaction with MIC has been described in
section 7, but often the MIC action, on detecting an error
condition or one of the special control functions is not the
required action.
A WHENEVER/ON command may therefore be used to change
the default action.
The format of this command is:-
.WHENEVER <EVENT>:<ACTION>
or
.ON <EVENT>:<ACTION>
(NOTE: ON and WHENEVER are synonymous)
The effect of this command is to specify that whenever
the <EVENT> occurs, the specified <ACTION> will be performed
rather than the normal default action.
e.g.
.WHENEVER BREAK:GOTO FRED
This sets up the user's MIC process so that whenever he
types control B, or a MIC BREAK occurs the process will not
BREAK but rather will obey the GOTO FRED command.
The valid events are:-
CANCEL or control C typed by the user
ABORT or control A typed by the user
BREAK or control B typed by the user
PROCEED or control P typed by the user
and
ERROR
OPERATOR
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and the valid actions are:-
CANCEL
ABORT
BREAK
ERROR
OPERATOR
PROCEED
ERROR
GOTO <LABEL>
BACKTO <LABEL>
The user should note that if ERROR trapping is enabled
e.g.
.ON ERROR:ABORT
MIC does not check the next line for an "IF" statement
or a "%" label, the ABORT is obeyed immediately.
11.1) Multiple WHENEVER/ON Commands.
Several default actions may be changed in the same
command by seperating the individual arguments by commas, thus:-
.ON ERROR:ABORT,CANCEL:BREAK
or
.WHENEVER CANCEL:GOTO FRED,ABORT:GOTO BILL
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12) MIC SET command
This family of commands is used to change the action
"MIC" performs upon certain conditions.
The format of the command is:-
.MIC SET <NO> <ACTION>
e.g.
.MIC SET NO PARAMETERS
This causes MIC to perform no parameter substitutions
upon detecting a " ' " character in the input file.
i.e.
'A will "substitute" as 'A
To restore parameter substitution use:-
.MIC SET PARAMETERS
The MIC SET commands currently available are:-
12.1) COLUMN1.
.MIC SET NO COLUMN1
MIC regards no characters in column one of the user's
command file as being special characters (see section 3.).
Default is:-
.MIC SET COLUMN1
12.2) CONTROL CHARACTERS.
.MIC SET NO CONTROL
MIC does not cause "^X" to substitute as control X.
Default is-
.MIC SET CONTROL
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12.3) PARAMETERS.
.MIC SET NO PARAMETERS
MIC does not perform parameter substitution on detecting
a "'" character.
Default is:-
.MIC SET PARAMETERS
12.4) SPECIAL CHARACTERS.
.MIC SET NO SPECIALS
This performs the combined functions of the above three
commands.
Default is:-
.MIC SET SPECIALS
12.5) FINMATCH
.MIC SET NO FINMATCH
If this command is obeyed MIC will not regard an occurrence of
"%FIN" as satisfying a search for a label (cf. section 4.1).
Default is:-
.MIC SET FINMATCH
12.6) Multiple SET Commands.
Several SET functions may be performed in the same
command by seperating each of the functions by a comma, thus:-
.MIC SET NO PARAMETERS,CONTROLS,NO FINMATCH
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INDEX.
!(exclamation) . . . . . . . . . 6
%CERR . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
%FIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 to 8
*(asterisk) . . . . . . . . . . 6
.(dot) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
:: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
;(semi-colon) . . . . . . . . . 6
=(equals) . . . . . . . . . . . 6
? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8, 16
ABORT . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
ABORT Command . . . . . . . . . 18
Actions . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
BACKTO command . . . . . . . . . 7
BATCH commands . . . . . . . . . 7
BREAK Command . . . . . . . . . 19
Byte subscripting . . . . . . . 12
CANCEL Command . . . . . . . . . 18
COLUMN ONE. . . . . . . . . . . 25
COLUMN1. . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Command File . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 6
Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Concatenation . . . . . . . . . 11
CONTROL . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Control A . . . . . . . . . . . 16, 18
Control B . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Control C . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Control Characters . . . . . . . 6, 25
Control Commands . . . . . . . . 18
Control P . . . . . . . . . . . 10, 16, 19
ERROR . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Exit command . . . . . . . . . . 19
Expression-string . . . . . . . 11
Expressions-integer . . . . . . 11
FINMATCH . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
GETTAB . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
GETTAB radix . . . . . . . . . . 21
GOTO command . . . . . . . . . . 7
IF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9, 15
IF command . . . . . . . . . . . 9, 15
IF extensions . . . . . . . . . 15
Interactions . . . . . . . . . . 16
JOB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
LET command . . . . . . . . . . 11, 22
LET extensions . . . . . . . . . 22
Line Numbers . . . . . . . . . . 6
MIC ABORT . . . . . . . . . . . 18
MIC CANCEL . . . . . . . . . . . 18
MIC RESPONSE . . . . . . . . . . 17
MIC SET . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Multiple LET Statements. . . . . 13
Multiple ON Commands. . . . . . 24
Multiple SET Commands. . . . . . 26
Multiple WHENEVER Commands. . . 24
NOERROR . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Non Procedural Calls . . . . . . 23
NOOPERATOR . . . . . . . . . . . 16
ON command . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Operator . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Operator Character . . . . . . . 16, 19
OPERATOR command. . . . . . . . 9
Outer Processes . . . . . . . . 14
Parameter Substitution . . . . . 6, 20, 26
PARAMETERS . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Parameters in Outer Processes. . 14 to 15
PLEASE COMMAND . . . . . . . . . 10
PPN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
PROCEED Command . . . . . . . . 10
Proceed Command . . . . . . . . 19
PROGRAMMER . . . . . . . . . . . 20
PROJECT . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Protection codes . . . . . . . . 10
Response . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
REVIVE command . . . . . . . . . 10
Silence . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
SILENCE command . . . . . . . . 10
SILENCE(protection code) . . . . 10
Special Characters . . . . . . . 6, 26
SPECIALS . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
String-comparisons . . . . . . . 15
System Parameters . . . . . . . 20
TTY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
WHENEVER command . . . . . . . . 23
[ABORT ON ERROR] . . . . . . . . 8
[ABORT] . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
[BREAK] . . . . . . . . . . . . 10, 16, 19
[CANCEL] . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
[PROCEED] . . . . . . . . . . . 10, 16, 19
^P . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
^B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
^P . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
^C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
^A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
^P . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
^C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
^A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
^P . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
APPENDIX A
EXAMPLES OF MIC COMMANDS
Asterisks indicate the scope of a macro command in these examples only.
.;EXAMPLE 1
.;A MIC DEMO - A SIMPLE MACRO COMMAND TO COMPILE POP2
.;LIBRARY FILES
.
.TYPE SYS:POP2.MIC
POP2
COMPILE(LIBRARY([LIB 'A]))
.; A TYPICAL CALL OF THE POP2 MIC MACRO COMMAND.
.DO POP2 KALAH
******
.POP2
CSL POP2 V.26
SETPOP
: COMPILE(LIBRARY([LIB KALAH]));
TO ENTER PROGRAM TYPE KALAH
: ^C
******
EXAMPLES OF MIC COMMANDS Page A-2
HATFIELD POLYTECHNIC COMPUTER CENTRE - JUNE 1975
.;AGAIN WITH A DIFFERENT PARAMETER.
.DO POP2 ABSYS
******
.POP2
CSL POP2 V.26
SETPOP
: COMPILE(LIBRARY([LIB ABSYS]));
: ^C
******
EXAMPLES OF MIC COMMANDS Page A-3
HATFIELD POLYTECHNIC COMPUTER CENTRE - JUNE 1975
.;EXAMPLE 2
.;A MIC DEMO OF GOTO COMMANDS.
.;A MIC MACRO WHICH WILL OBEY ONLY SELECTED PARTS OF A FILE
.;(USEFUL IF DISK SPACE IS LIMITED.)
.;(SEVERAL COMMANDS COULD BE KEPT IN ONE FILE)
.;
.TYPE X.MIC
.GOTO 'A
COMP::
;A MACRO TO COMPILE FILES COULD BE HERE.
.GOTO END
DATA::
;A MIC MACRO TO SET UP DATA
.GOTO END
DEMO::
;PARAMETERS ARE
;A="'A"
;B="'B"
;C="'C"
END::
.;ALL COMMANDS FINISH HERE
.;
.;A TYPICAL CALL OF THE X MACRO COULD BE
.;
.DO X COMP
******
.
.GOTO COMP
.
.;A MACRO TO COMPILE FILES COULD BE HERE.
.GOTO END
.
.;ALL COMMANDS FINISH HERE
******
.
.;ANOTHER TYPICAL CALL
.DO X DEMO,FIRST PARAMETER,2ND,NO 3
******
.
.GOTO DEMO
.
.;PARAMETERS ARE
.;A="DEMO"
.;B="FIRST PARAMETER
.;C="2ND"
.
.;ALL COMMANDS FINISH HERE
******
EXAMPLES OF MIC COMMANDS Page A-4
HATFIELD POLYTECHNIC COMPUTER CENTRE - JUNE 1975
.;EXAMPLE 3
.;A MIC DEMO OF ERROR COMMAND
.;A MACRO TO COMPARE TWO FILES AND DELETE DSK COPY IF THEY
.;ARE THE SAME
.
.TYPE CHECK.MIC
.ERROR ?
.R FILCOM
*TTY:/Q='A.'B
.DELETE 'A
.
.;A TYPICAL CALL - CHECK IF DSK:C.MIC IS A COPY OF SYS:C.MIC
.DO CHECK C.MIC,SYS:
******
.
.ERROR ?
.R FILCOM
*TTY:/Q=C.MIC,SYS:
NO DIFFERENCES ENCOUNTERED
*^C
.DELETE C.MIC
FILES DELETED
C.MIC
01 BLOCKS FREED
******
.;CREATE AN INCORRECT COPY OF C.MIC WITH PIP.
.R PIP
*C.MIC=TTY:
WRONG FILE
^Z
*^C
.;AND USE C.MIC TO CHECK IT
EXAMPLES OF MIC COMMANDS Page A-5
HATFIELD POLYTECHNIC COMPUTER CENTRE - JUNE 1975
.DO CHECK C.MIC,SYS:
******
.
.ERROR ?
.R FILCOM
*TTY:/Q=C.MIC,SYS:
FILE 1) DSK:C.MIC CREATED: 1349 21-JAN-1975
FILE 2) SYS:C.MIC CREATED: 1202 03-OCT-1974
?FILES ARE DIFFERENT
*[ABORT ON ERROR]
^C
******
.;MIC ABORTS
EXAMPLES OF MIC COMMANDS Page A-6
HATFIELD POLYTECHNIC COMPUTER CENTRE - JUNE 1975
.;EXAMPLE 4
.;A MIC DEMO OR IF ERROR
.;AN IMPROVEMENT ON EXAMPLE 3
.;COMPARE TWO FILES AND DELETE DSK COPY IF FILES ARE THE
.;SAME, OTHERWISE COPY AGAIN.
.
.TYPE CHECK.MIC
.ERROR
CHECK::.R FILCOM
*TTY:/Q='A,'B
.IF (NOERROR) .GOTO END
.R PIP
*'B/B/X='A
.BACKTO CHECK
END:: .;FILE 'A TRANSFERRED SUCCESSFULLY TO 'B
.;A TYPICAL CALL - CHECK FRED.SAV ON SYS: IS SAME AS
.;DSK VERSION
.
.DO CHECK FRED.SAV,SYS:
******
.ERROR
.SKIP 1
.R FILCOM
*TTY:/Q=FRED.SAV,SYS:
FILE 1) DSK:FRED.SAV CREATED: 1359 21-JAN-1975
FILE 2) SYS:FRED.SAV CREATED: 1910 21-JAN-1975
?FILES ARE DIFFERENT
*^C
.IF (NOERROR) .GOTO END
.R PIP
*SYS:/B/X=FRED.SAV
*^C
.BACKTO CHECK
.
.R FILCOM
*TTY:/Q=FRED.SAV,SYS:
NO DIFFERENCES ENCOUNTERED
*^C
.IF (NOERROR) .GOTO END
.
.;FILE FRED.SAV SUCCESSFULLY TRANSFERRED TO SYS:
******
EXAMPLES OF MIC COMMANDS Page A-7
HATFIELD POLYTECHNIC COMPUTER CENTRE - JUNE 1975
.;EXAMPLE 5
.;A MIC DEMO OF THE LET COMMAND
.;ILLUSTRATED DISTINCTION BETWEEN $A AND A
.
.TYPE LET.MIC
.LET Z=A+B+C
;A+B+C='Z
.LET Z=$A+$B+$C
;CONCATENATED STRING PARAMETERS ARE 'Z
.LET X="'A"+"'B"+"'C"
;BUT CONCATENATION AFTER SUBSTITUTION HAS THE SAME EFFECT
;BUT (") QUOTES ARE REQUIRED FOR STRING LITERALS.
;'X
.
.;USING NUMBERS AS PARAMETERS.
.
.DO LET 4,5,6
******
.
.LET Z=A+B+C
.;A+B+C=15
.LET Z=$A+$B+$C
.;CONCATENATED STRING PARAMETERS ARE 456.
.LET X="4"+"5"+"6"
.;CONCATENATION AFTER SUBSTITUTION HAS THE SAME EFFECT
.;BUT (") QUOTES ARE REQUIRED FOR STRING LITERALS
.;456
.
******
.
.;ANOTHER EXAMPLE WITH NON-NUMERIC PARAMETERS.
.
.DO LET FIRST,<,,,>,THIRD
******
.LET Z=A+B+C
?PARAMETER A "FIRST" IS NOT A NUMBER
.;A+B+C=
.LET Z=$A+$B+$C
.;CONCATENATED STRING PARAMETERS ARE FIRST,,,THIRD
.LET Z="FIRST"+",,,"+"THIRD"
.;CONCATENATION AFTER SUBSTITUTION HAS THE SAME EFFECT.
.;BUT (") QUOTES ARE REQUIRED FOR STRING LITERALS.
.;FIRST,,,THIRD
.
******
EXAMPLES OF MIC COMMANDS Page A-8
HATFIELD POLYTECHNIC COMPUTER CENTRE - JUNE 1975
.DO LET ,[1,2],5
******
.
.LET Z=A+B+C
?PARAMETER A IS NULL
.;A+B+C=
.LET Z=$A+$B+$C
.;CONCATENATED STRING PARAMETERS ARE [1,2]5
.LET X=""+"[1,2]"+"5"
.;CONCATENATION AFTER SUBSTITUTION HAS THE SAME EFFECT
.;BUT (") QUOTES ARE REQUIRED FOR STRING LITERALS
.;[1,2]5
.
.;NOTE SECOND PARAMETER CONTAINS A COMMA BETWEEN MATCHED BRACKETS
EXAMPLES OF MIC COMMANDS Page A-9
HATFIELD POLYTECHNIC COMPUTER CENTRE - JUNE 1975
.;EXAMPLE 6
.;A COMPLICATED MIC MACRO COMMAND TO ASSEMBLE MACRO FILES
.TYPE C.MIC
.IF ($A.[1,"/H"]=$A).GOTO KNEW
.REVIVE
; COMPILES MACRO FILES
;
; USE THUS:-
;
; /C <STANDARD DEVICE FILE-SPEC>/SWITCHES
;
; SWITCHES MAY BE
;
; /L TO DO A LOAD AS WELL
; /CN TO PRODUCE N COPIES
; /H TO TYPE THIS TEXT
;
;'A
KNEW::.ERROR
.LET B=$A.[1,"."].[1,"["].[1,"/"]
.LET C=$A.["/C","/"]
.LET D=$A.[1,"/"]
.IF ($B.[":"] "") .LET B=$B.[":",6]
.IF ($A.[1,"/L"] $A) .LET G="MIC ABORT"
.REVIVE .R MACRO
*'B,'B/C='D
.R CREF
*DSK:'B'B
.Q 'B.LST/COPIES:'C
.'G
.R LINK
*'B/GO
.
.;A TYPICAL CALL WOULD BE (ASSUMING FILE PROTECTION OF 255
.DO C FRED.MAC/C3
******
*FRED,FRED/C=FRED.MAC
NO ERRORS DETECTED
PROGRAM BREAK IS 000001
2K CORE USED
*^C
.R CREF
*DSK:FRED=FRED
[CRFEXC 1K CORE]
*^C
.Q FRED.LST/COPIES:3
TOTAL OF 3 BLOCKS IN LPT REQUEST
.MIC ABORT
.[ABORT]
.
.;NOTE USE OF AUTOMATIC SILENCE TO SUPPRESS UNINTERESTING
.;PARTS OF THE FILE
APPENDIX B
COMMAND SUMMARY
.DO FRED ABC,<DEF,I>,[105,113]
MIC will type on the user's behalf from the file
SYS:FRED.MIC (OR DSK:FRED.MIC) substituting ABC for
/A,DEF,1 FOR 'B AND [105,113] FOR 'C.
.LET X="DEF"
MIC will substitute further references in macro
command file to X('X) as def.
.IF (ERROR) .GOTO LAB
If the previously typed command caused an Error
condition MIC will continue processing the command
file at LAB::.
.BACKTO LAB2
MIC will unconditionally continue processing after
the first occurence in the command file of the label
LAB2::.
.SILENCE
Suppress I/O to the teletype.
.REVIVE
Restore I/O to the teletype.
.ERROR ?
Treat ? in column 1 as indicating an error
condition.
.NOERROR
Disable error checking.
.OPERATOR #
Treat # as indicating an OPERATOR condition.
COMMAND SUMMARY Page B-2
HATFIELD POLYTECHNIC COMPUTER CENTRE - JUNE 1975
.NOOPERATOR
Disable OPERATOR checking.
.MIC ABORT
Abort current process.
.MIC BREAK
Suspend current process.
.MIC CANCEL
Stop all processes.
.MIC EXIT
Stop running MIC.
.MIC SET NO PARAMETERS
Suppress parameter substitutions.
.ON ERROR:ABORT
CAUSE MIC to [ABORT] if an error is detected.
APPENDIX C
SYNTAX OF INTEGER AND STRING EXPRESSIONS
Integer Expressions.
The operator +,*,and - have the conventional meaning.The
character / is used for divide and ^ for exponentiation. the
evaluation of an expression is from left to right with
precedence for the following operators.
^ first
*/ second
+- third
Matching round brackets may be used to arrange the
desired order of execution of operations. The monadic operator
- is allowed but the monadic + is not allowed, since unsigned
integers are assumed positive.
EXAMPLES
-2*(3+2-1)^5*(6/2+2) is legal
+2 is not legal
2+(-3*(4*(6+1))) is legal
SYNTAX OF INTEGER AND STRING EXPRESSIONS Page C-2
HATFIELD POLYTECHNIC COMPUTER CENTRE - JUNE 1975
SYNTAX - Integer Expression.
<DIGIT>::= 0/1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8/9
<INTEGER>::=<DIGIT>/<Any-number-of-digits>
<PARAMETER>::=A/B/C/D/E/F/G/H/I/J/K/L/M/N/O/P/Q/R/S/T/U/
V/W/X/Y/Z
<NUMERIC-TERM>::=<PARAMETER>/<INTEGER>/<INTEGER-EXPRESSION>
/<SYSTEM-PARAMETER>
<INTEGER-EXPRESSION>::=-<NUMERIC-TERM>/<NUMERIC-TERM>
<NUMERIC-TERM>/<OPERATOR><NUMERIC-TERM>
<OPERATOR>::= +/-/*/"/"/^
To allow references to be made to parameters in an outer
process a qualifier is allowed to the parameter name.
e.g. If a MIC command is nested three deep A3 would be the
parameter A in the outer process. This extension also
applies to string parameters ($A3).
On the left hand side of LET assignment statements the
qualifier may be used to return parameters to an outer level
MACRO command.
e.g.
.LET A1="TEXT"
SYNTAX OF INTEGER AND STRING EXPRESSIONS Page C-3
HATFIELD POLYTECHNIC COMPUTER CENTRE - JUNE 1975
SYNTAX - String Expressions.
<STRING>::=<any-ASCII-text>
<STRING-expression>::="<string>"/$<subscripted-string>/
$<system-parameter>
<expression>::=<string-expression>/<integer-expression>
<subscripted-string>::=<string-expression>.[<expression>]/
<string-expression>.[<expression>,<expression>]
To allow the character quote (") to be used within a
text string a single quote (") will be substituted for any
double quote ("") encountered within a string expression.
APPENDIX D
ERROR MESSAGES.
D.1) Error Messages - DO command
?MIC NOT RUNNING PLEASE TRY AGAIN
Operator has not initialized MIC.
?ERROR IN DEVICE FILE SPECIFICATION
Command file specification is not of the general
form DSK:FILE.EXT[105,113].
?CANNOT INIT DEVICE
The device used in the command file
specification is not available.
?CANNOT OPEN FILE.
The command file could not be found.
?TOO MANY CHARACTERS IN ARGUMENT
Users argument string is longer than
approximately 500 characters.
D.2) Error messages - GOTO and BACKTO commands.
?NO ARGUMENT FOR LABEL
The command did not specify a label.
?CANNOT FIND LABEL
The specified label could not be found in the
command file.
ERROR MESSAGES. Page D-2
HATFIELD POLYTECHNIC COMPUTER CENTRE - JUNE 1975
D.3) Error Messages - LET Command.
?SYNTAX ERROR - ILLEGAL CHAR. AFTER LET
SPACE OR TAB MUST FOLLOW LET.
?SYNTAX ERROR - PARAMETER OUT OF RANGE
Reference to parameter must be A - Z .
?SYNTAX ERROR - NO ASSIGNMENT ( OR = MISSING)
Assignment must be of the general form
LET A3
or
LET A=3
?PARAMETER SPACE EXHAUSTED
MIC has no room to store new argument
(character space = 500 )
?NOT RUNNING MIC
User used a MIC command when not running MIC.
D.4) Error Messages - IF Command.
?SYNTAX ERROR - ILLEGALL CHARACTER AFTER IF.
Space or tab must follow IF
?SYNTAX ERROR - NO CONDITIONAL
Contents of brackets 0n an IF clause was not a
legal conditional expression.
?SYNTAX ERROR - UNKNOWN CONDITIONAL OPERATOR
Relational operator in conditional expression
was not >,<,>=,#,=,or <= .
?SYNTAX ERROR - MISMATCH OF TYPES.
Attempt to compare integer expression with a
string expression.
ERROR MESSAGES. Page D-3
HATFIELD POLYTECHNIC COMPUTER CENTRE - JUNE 1975
D.5) Error Messages - LET and IF Commands.
?SYNTAX ERROR - STRING SUBSCRIPT ILLEGAL.
Subscript in error in string expression.
?SYNTAX ERROR - ILLEGAL CHARACTER.
Character not allowed in integer expression.
?SYNTAX ERROR - OPERATOR MISSING BETWEEN NO. AND (.
Illegal construction of the form 345( in an
integer expression.
?SYNTAX ERROR - OPERATOR MISSING BETWEEN ) AND NO.
Illegal construction of the form )345 in an
integer expression.
?SYNTAX ERROR - NUMBER MISSING BETWEEN BRACKETS.
Illegal construction of the form ( ) in an
integer expression.
?SYNTAX ERROR - NUMBER MISSING BETWEEN TWO OPERATORS
Illegal construction in integer expression.
?SYNTAX ERROR - BRACKETS MISMATCH.
Integer expression incorrectly bracketed.
D.6) Error Messages - System Parameters facillity.
?(SYMERR) ERROR IN FUNCTION CALL.
Some unspecified error has occurred,usually
invalid syntax.
?(SYMER2) ERROR RETURN TAKEN BY GETTAB UUO .
The GETTAB UUO has taken the error return, see
monitor calls book.
?(SYMER3) UNKNOWN FUNCTION
Attempt to use an unknown system parameter.
?(SYMER4) ILLEGAL ARGUMENT FORMAT TO FUNCTION CALL.
An argument is in error
e.g. an invalid RADIX in a GETTAB.
The following occur only in parameter substitutions.
?(SYMERM) NESTED GETTABS NOT ALLOWED.
Attempt to evade a system restriction.
ERROR MESSAGES. Page D-4
HATFIELD POLYTECHNIC COMPUTER CENTRE - JUNE 1975
D.7) Error Messages - Command File Processing.
?PARAMETER NUMBER OUT OF RANGE.
Attempt to substitute parameter not in range 'A
through 'Z.
?CANNOT NEST PARAMETER CALLS THIS DEEP.
Actual parameter contains parameter calls nested
to greater than 8 levels.
?MACRO FILE NOT FOUND.
MIC command file has been deleted during the
running of the MACRO.
D.8) Error Messages - ON or WHENEVER Command.
?(WHNER1) NOT AN EVENT
Attempt to specify an invalid <event>
?(WHNER2) ILLEGAL FORMAT IN WHENEVER OR ON COMMAND.
MIC cannot make sense of the command.
?(WHNER3) NO ARGUMENT IN WHENEVER OR ON COMMAND.
A command of the form
.ON <event>:
has been given.
?(WHNER4) ARGUMENT IS NOT A PARAMETER IN WHENEVER OR ON COMMAND
A command of the form
.ON <event>:<action> <parameter>
had an invalid parameter.
D.9) ERROR MESSAGES - MIC SET Command
?(SETRNG) UNKNOWN ARG. TO SET COMMAND.
An invalid 'MIC SET' command has been used.
ERROR MESSAGES. Page Index-5
HATFIELD POLYTECHNIC COMPUTER CENTRE - JUNE 1975
ERROR CODES.
SETRNG . . . . . . . . . D-4
SYMER2 . . . . . . . . . D-3
SYMER3 . . . . . . . . . D-3
SYMER4 . . . . . . . . . D-3
SYMERM . . . . . . . . . D-3
SYMERR . . . . . . . . . D-3
WHNER1 . . . . . . . . . D-4
WHNER2 . . . . . . . . . D-4
WHNER3 . . . . . . . . . D-4
WHNER4 . . . . . . . . . D-4