I support you in your efforts to see that the machines do not destroy civilization and the way to do that is to make sure everything's in place with the people who are putting those things into play now, with proper education, training, etc. Bit of a pot-shot with the Climate Change there but I suppose I deserved it. tongue emoticon It's hard for me (likely due to youthful influencers Joseph Campbell among others) to not see even IJ Good - who is very inspirational indeed, as but an extension of a short story. [1]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Last_Question which, when all is said, is a very religious work of Asimov and has inspired MANY MANY computer scientists, philosophers and engineers through the past 60 years. Fact is inspired by fiction. I suppose there is no other way to proceed really. NASA was inspired by Verne; they enacted much of his vision, and the NASA teams of the to-the-moon days seemed to all have read Verne as children, which inspired them to go into aerospace in the first place. Similarly, Asimov would have inspired Good and then Kurzweil who is now inspiring millions, and I'm actually really glad; again, I always liked the guy. I remember when his ideas were considered "kooky"; I was active in sci-systems, alt.info-theory, comp.ai back in 1990/91 and a little bit beyond (although newsgroup access was difficult once I left school but I tried my best), and Kurzweil's ideas were somewhat "fringe" at the time. I kinda gave up on AI after a couple of years though, as research and development floundered entirely - parallel processing was dead, and nobody KNEW what Wolfram was going to come up with. I loved the idea of cellular autonoma; like little sewing machines knitting reality through algorithms; I'd dream of reality being knitted anew via computers. I suppose what you see, John Alley - is a bit of a jilted idealist. I _want_ - *want* - _want_ to believe. But everything, including the computers and programs we make, are all-too-human. I'm jealous, I suppose. I hope you continue in your quest, and keep getting inspired by other AI enthusiasts for a transhuman cybernetic future. I let my idealism fade off; the push and pull of life and watching project after another with promises of a better tomorrow, flounder and fall after great promise. I've seen great successes too; and I'm lucky to have been a part of them; my dreams of a pocket computer that everybody in the world could use to access any library ever known to man from when I was 11 years old... ...we have smartphones! I got to see my dreams come true. So many dreams came true of mine. In fact, over 80% of my childhood dreams of technological futures have come true so far and I can't wait to see what's next. But it's hard to get on board entirely. I can't see white hats of technological goodness without seeing greedy middle management black hats, or disgruntled overeducated, financially strapped lonely individuals taking advantage of the idealistic notions being put into play and wreaking havoc in order to fulfill a revenge against what they felt were empty promises given to them as children about a "better tomorrow". I suppose that's the danger I see. "Hey kids, here's a better tomorrow!" "Yay". They grow up. "Where is it?" "Oh, we're working on it, just punch the timecard and your great-grandkids will see it". I'm not trying to take away from the need to push forward and continue... I guess it's just hard to not see the systems behind the systems of the systems and the unseen systems that will intersect with the systems wrecking them from underneath while they're looking up at the clouds. References Visible links 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Last_Question