Pump Scenario There's no such thing as a computer virus, only unsafe computing. Okay, okay okay! If you surf the internet you could contract a malware, or a worm, or a bug or something. It could happen, but there are precautions you can take. What are those precautions? Let's brainstorm. For one, you could not surf the internet. Unlikely, eh! What if you didn't open any links that downloaded things to your computer that you don't trust. Good idea. Research the companies and sites you connect to and know their reputation. You wouldn't expect Sears to have a virus, would you, and you can be pretty well be assured that they've done all they can to prevent malicious code. Here's one that you're not going to like. Erase your computer and start over. Yes! There is an absolute way you can be assured that your computer is safe. Erase the hard drive and reinstall the operating system, and any programs and files you want to use. Starting over requires some organization. You need a list of all the software you use and want to install, and some sort of back up system for your personal files (which we should have anyway). Then when you want to use your computer on the internet, to make a financial transaction for example, make sure that's the first stop after you've reinstalled your operating system. Just organize your banking once a month to coincide with your computer cleansing. Granted, that's asking a lot for the home computer, but business systems should consider it, and put into place. It might even make sense, if you can afford it, to have a second computer for financial transactions only, and then erase it once a month or so, whenever you process important personal or financial info on it. Of course there are some situations where you'll want to transfer information over the network, be it the internet or local network. Eighty percent of internet traffic is on ports other than port 80, which we all surf for fun and profit. Let's say you're a water plant and you want a pump to report to your controller machine, periodically, flow rates. The pump's electronic sensor connected to a local machine triggers file storage and then a timer causes that machine to dial the internet and call your main office computer, via port 14448 and uploads the file. Your firewall is so intense on port 14448 that only the pump can call your computer through that port, which specifically patterned (enveloped) data. Let's say your pump also has a regulator, in case you want to shut it off remotely. You don't want saboteurs attacking your system and shutting it off when you don't want to, so once again you pattern and encrypt the information before it is allowed to out over port 24223 and switch the pump off. Imagine the firewall for that and with a little obfuscation you've reduced the chances to almost zero of a war games scenario for your pump. There are no absolutes and your not going to get the Princeton eggheads, who got most of the government encryption work in the nineties and early 00's, to say your pump is perfectly safe. So when you try to sell that to stock holders at the next meeting, good luck, because they want everything absolutely secure: no 'ifs' 'ands' or 'buts'. That's your job and you darn well better do. So you lie for a bigger budget. Well you don't lie actually. Just when your trying to explain the budget you describe scenarios that could happen and find out that's what people want to hear about security, when you know full and well that your pump is safe, unless Bob in accounting sells the access codes, which you don't have any control over, so thank you very much. kbushnel.sdf-us.org/contact.html