[HN Gopher] The Overflowing Brain: Information overload and the ...
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The Overflowing Brain: Information overload and the limits of
working memory
 
Author : yamrzou
Score  : 99 points
Date   : 2023-07-05 18:40 UTC (4 hours ago)
 
web link (tertulia-moderna.blogspot.com)
w3m dump (tertulia-moderna.blogspot.com)
 
| anthk wrote:
| As a Spaniard when I read "tertulia" I associate it with radio/tv
| talk shows with 5% of content and 95% of blabbery and filler.
| 
| Oh, and talkers interrupting each other, everytime.
| 
| Then, I head do the teletext service (which is "alive",
| amazingly) and I have the same content in four or five lines.
| 
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teletext
| 
| What we need it's some service over web/gemini/gopher which news
| resumed down to the core. Yes, http://text.npr.org it's good for
| Americans, and http://lite.cnn.io used to work. But, instead of
| an endless wall, something composed of two or three paragraphs.
 
| babyshake wrote:
| It will be very interesting to see the intersections between
| cognitive neuroscience and notions of "working memory" and
| context windows in AI.
 
| Fr0styMatt88 wrote:
| The way I've come around to digital tools is that I consider them
| a different, externalised type of memory augmentation. They give
| us another type of memory.
| 
| If someone interrupts me and asks me to do something that I can't
| attend to right then, there's two options (assuming I want to do
| the thing):
| 
| - Hold it in my working memory until I'm able to fully context
| switch or put mental effort into transferring it into long-term
| memory
| 
| - Immediately note it down, then make no further effort to
| remember it
| 
| The same applies for random ideas that might pop into my head
| that are unrelated to the task at hand.
 
| talldatethrow wrote:
| People decide what they want to memorize. If people want to spend
| memory on goofy things, that's up then I guess.
| 
| I barely know the streets I take to my office, 6 months in (and
| I'm not just talking about their actual names). I use nav every
| time. My father thought I was losing my mind.
| 
| But at the same time I can remember basically every small block
| of code in a large saas I single handedly built a few years ago,
| even today.
 
  | coldtea wrote:
  | > _People decide what they want to memorize._
  | 
  | Not exactly the case when you have ADHD.
 
    | bmoxb wrote:
    | I wouldn't say it's true in general. You can certainly choose
    | what to put active effort into learning/revising, but
    | memorisation isn't really something we have direct, conscious
    | control over.
 
  | dktnj wrote:
  | _> But at the same time I can remember basically every small
  | block of code in a large saas I single handedly built a few
  | years ago, even today._
  | 
  | Trying to replace that with something useful here at the
  | moment. Much more difficult than it looks.
 
| throw1234651234 wrote:
| I got bored halfway through the article. Very unfocused and there
| seems to be no point to it. Here is what you need to know -
| working memory is the ability to hold things in short term
| memory. Most people can hold 7 distinct pieces. What's important
| is that these pieces are not scalar, these can be "reference
| types". For example 3.14 would be 1 piece of information called
| "Pi" and other defined concepts are just "1 piece".
| 
| Also, not all pieces are the same - 7 numbers are easier to
| memorize than 7 colors for most people for example.
| 
| Working memory is the fluid intelligence part intelligence
| covered on IQ test, which covers 2 parts: fluid
| intelligence(working memory) and crystallized intelligence (stuff
| you memorized). Unlike what the article states, no one has found
| a proven way to improve working memory in a general sense in
| adulthood. This would be the panacea if someone did.
| 
| edit: I did get through the end of the article after all and at
| the end of the day it really does say nothing at all. The author
| just tried to tie a bunch of old concepts together.
 
  | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
  | > no one has found a proven way to improve working memory in a
  | general sense in adulthood
  | 
  | I was under the impression that dual n-back training was a way
  | to achieve this, although https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N-back
  | describes it as somewhere between unproven and small impact.
  | It's a pity that it hasn't been studied more extensively; as
  | you note, if we had a reliable way of increasing general
  | working memory it would have a significant impact.
 
    | toast0 wrote:
    | This sounds a lot like doing LZ77 compression in your head.
    | :P
    | 
    | Re the earlier parent's:
    | 
    | > Also, not all pieces are the same - 7 numbers are easier to
    | memorize than 7 colors for most people for example.
    | 
    | That's because you can turn a sequence of numbers into a
    | sequence of compound numbers. In NANPA, the phone company has
    | taught many of us to turn a 10 digit number into an four
    | parts: the three digit area code, the three digit exchange
    | prefix, and two two-digit halves of the subscriber number.
    | 
    | Ex: Jenny's phone number, +12128675309, becomes area code 212
    | (New York), exchange eight-six-seven (UNion 7?), five-three,
    | oh-nine. Sometimes, as in the case of Jenny, it makes more
    | sense rhythmically to read out the individual components of
    | the last four digits without grouping them.
 
    | throw1234651234 wrote:
    | There is a well-research article on it here:
    | https://gwern.net/dnb-faq
    | 
    | There is a good desktop trainer (/game) here:
    | https://brainworkshop.sourceforge.net/
    | 
    | In short, my understanding is that we can't improve it, but
    | that could be very much due to the lack of actual dedicated
    | research. If we could, it would essentially be a super power.
    | 
    | There are people who can't memorize their authenticator codes
    | in one piece, let alone focus when someone is describing a
    | method signature at work. This would be a big quality-of-life
    | change for those people. This also ties in with following
    | conversations and tying words together well, which most
    | people don't think about.
 
| mark_l_watson wrote:
| Is this really a problem?
| 
| When I code, I always work on one thing for 60 - 90 minutes,
| nothing else so all working memory is dedicated to task at hand.
| 
| When I read (fiction or technical) or watch a lecture on YouTube,
| this is usually a dedicated 15 - 60 minute session. Once again,
| all working memory is dedicated to task at hand.
| 
| Working memory might be a problem for people who multitask, but I
| don't like to do that.
 
  | throw1234651234 wrote:
  | You need to understand the scope of what you are working on.
  | For example, right now I am "just" getting another field from
  | an entity in a 3rd party API. That field is a reference.
  | 
  | Immediately I have questions like: 1. Do I get this in one call
  | or several? If former, will this cause issues with the cache?
  | If latter, will it decrease performance? 2. At what level do I
  | want to do the filtering, at the query or higher level? 3. How
  | will this affect existing calls, etc?
  | 
  | Breaking this down into questions is called "chunking" -
  | grouping multi-parameter unknowns until they are simple. The
  | problem is that if you can only keep 5 things in mind, you may
  | outright miss questions to ask, or, at the very least, you will
  | spend more time on a task than a person with a higher WM.
 
| cborenstein wrote:
| I find this part super interesting:
| 
| > He describes studies that have found a substantial delay in the
| reaction time of people talking on their cell phone while driving
| --- or even just holding conversations with someone in the car
| while driving. A similar delay has not been found in these
| studies when the driver is doing more passive activities such as
| listening to the radio or an audio book; it is the need to focus
| on a conversation that limits the working memory's ability to
| effectively support driving at the same time.
| 
| When your mind is holding items in working memory, that means
| that it has less space to focus and execute effectively on the
| main task at hand.
| 
| Just writing things down gives some resolution of that
| task/thought so that we can fully show up for our main thing.
| 
| Working on a new notepad for jotting things down to free up
| working memory. The goal is to make it easy to capture things and
| add some organization when you want.
| 
| Curious to get feedback. https://www.stashpad.com/blog/working-
| memory
 
  | JohnFen wrote:
  | This might also explain why simply having a passenger in your
  | car with you will impair your driving. You're probably paying
  | some amount of attention to the passenger.
 
    | 8n4vidtmkvmk wrote:
    | I tell my wife to shush when I'm approaching a difficult
    | intersection. She gets it.
 
      | JohnFen wrote:
      | My code phrase is "just a minute" -- a phrase I developed a
      | habit for when people want to interrupt me at work when I'm
      | not in a place where I can safely pause.
 
    | chrisco255 wrote:
    | If it's an adult passenger though, they will often help you
    | watch the road.
 
      | JohnFen wrote:
      | You have a better class of passengers than I! I've never
      | had one that was helpful in such a way (although I've had a
      | few that _thought_ they were.)
 
  | version_five wrote:
  | I'm a person who thinks very deeply about stuff and that often
  | includes latching on to something that was either said or I
  | thought of during a conversation and then zoning out and
  | thinking about that (just for context).
  | 
  | When I was younger I was single and almost never had passengers
  | in my car. I rarely talked on my phone (before we were forced
  | to be hands free) but occasionally I would and I'd say overall
  | did not find having it in my hand a particular distraction
  | (honestly what would that have to do with anything).
  | 
  | Anyway, I remember when "bans" came into effect and put my
  | phone on bluetooth. I was talking to my mom on the speakerphone
  | in the car, and suddenly realized I'd gone through a red light,
  | and realized I'd better hang up and drive.
  | 
  | Tldr, for me anyway it's being on the phone that's distracting
  | because it, as mentioned above, gets me thinking about other
  | stuff, and I actually find talking to the air more confusing
  | than either phone to ear or a person in the car. Though I
  | routinely tell my wife to stop talking when I'm driving in
  | traffic (I don't mean this as a joke) because I find it too
  | distracting to be involved in conversation when I need to think
  | about driving. Obviously I'm a shitty multitasker but I suspect
  | this is true to some extent for most people.
 
  | ChrisClark wrote:
  | As a personal anecdote, a long time ago I tried learning
  | Chinese from a CD on my commute. I gave up after a couple of
  | days because I realized it was affecting my driving. I needed a
  | lot of concentration to practice the language and found I was
  | making driving mistakes.
 
| wcrichton wrote:
| For the curious, I have done some experiments on working memory
| and programming: https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.06305
| 
| > Program tracing, or mentally simulating a program on concrete
| inputs, is an important part of general program comprehension.
| Programs involve many kinds of virtual state that must be held in
| memory, such as variable/value pairs and a call stack. In this
| work, we examine the influence of short-term working memory (WM)
| on a person's ability to remember program state during tracing.
| [...]
 
| pimpampum wrote:
| I wonder if over-reliance on digital tools prevents us from being
| challenged enough to maintain an optimal working memory.
 
  | gopalv wrote:
  | > prevents us from being challenged enough
  | 
  | Digital tools mostly seem help me with long-term memory and
  | doesn't do a thing for the working memory exercise.
  | 
  | I can look up a phone number or have a calendar on what I'm
  | doing next Wednesday, but the working memory of "what am I
  | doing right now" hasn't gone digital yet. Navigation has
  | vaguely the same, because it's more long form memory rather
  | than the hot list in my brain (maybe "what gear am I in?" on a
  | manual car? doubtful).
  | 
  | Of all the day to day activities I do, cooking is one of those
  | things where I've really felt like my working memory is working
  | hard & despite quite a few tools like timers or automatic
  | cookers, the way the kitchen is organized with closed drawers
  | is a most-recent working memory exercise like those face-down
  | card games.
 
  | Topfi wrote:
  | I really believe it depends on the tool and use case. A
  | Zettelkasten (digital or physical) does create some reliance,
  | yes, but considering the improved output commonly associated,
  | I'd be very surprised if a Zettelkasten tool prevented a user
  | from sufficiently challenging their working memory.
  | 
  | There have been, admittedly, no studies on specific digital
  | tools and their impact on the working memory, though at the
  | same time, even the benefit of actively training working memory
  | is inconclusive at best[0].
  | 
  | In general, I am doubtful over any statement that general use
  | of modern technology could lead to a short-term memory
  | impairement.
  | 
  | [0] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4968033/
 
  | emoII wrote:
  | Another perspective is that putting our knowledge in the world
  | by using digital tools is the only way we can function while
  | being bombarded by information and distractions
 
    | PartiallyTyped wrote:
    | And it is possibly the only truly safe way to ensure
    | knowledge propagation.
 
      | passion__desire wrote:
      | Internalise external information > solve problems in your
      | head by moving pieces around > externalize solutions
 
        | intelVISA wrote:
        | Transfer solutions to product > burn VC money > retire
 
  | falcolas wrote:
  | A human's working memory has never been that big. 5-7 items at
  | a time. Less for those who are also dealing with other mental
  | issues.
 
    | pengaru wrote:
    | Which is kind of bonkers when you think about how much
    | complexity there is in the gray matter upstairs, so many
    | neurons, yet just 5-7 items in the cache at a time.
    | 
    | Jim Keller raised this point in one of his Lex Fridman
    | interviews. They're some of the more worthwhile ones to
    | listen to IMO.
 
  | MengerSponge wrote:
  | And so it is that you by reason of your tender regard for the
  | writing that is your offspring have declared the very opposite
  | of its true effect. If men learn this, it will implant
  | forgetfulness in their souls. They will cease to exercise
  | memory because they rely on that which is written, calling
  | things to remembrance no longer from within themselves, but by
  | means of external marks.
  | 
  | Plato (400 BC)
 
    | AnimalMuppet wrote:
    | Funny, given that we _read_ Plato.
 
  | api wrote:
  | Seems more likely that the Internet is flooding us and
  | overwhelming our working memory.
 
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