[HN Gopher] Largest island in a lake on an island in a lake on a...
___________________________________________________________________
 
Largest island in a lake on an island in a lake on an island (2007)
 
Author : thunderbong
Score  : 565 points
Date   : 2023-04-14 08:38 UTC (14 hours ago)
 
web link (www.elbruz.org)
w3m dump (www.elbruz.org)
 
| ftxbro wrote:
| is this the 'steve buscemi worked as a firefighter on 9/11' of
| hacker news
 
| eesmith wrote:
| This 2016 posting is outdated.
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recursive_islands_and_lakes points
| out:
| 
| "Until 2020,[15] Vulcan Point was an island that existed in Main
| Crater Lake on Volcano Island in Lake Taal on Luzon in the
| Philippines.[16] Main Crater Lake evaporated during the 2020 Taal
| Volcano eruption,[15] but the water in Taal Lake has returned and
| has a new island. Vulcan Point became a peninsula"
| 
| Wikipedia's sole entry for "Islands in lakes on islands in lakes
| on islands in lakes" is
| https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Recursive... ,
| commenting also that "Moose Boulder" - another contention - was
| found in 2020 to be a hoax.
 
  | xbmcuser wrote:
  | wow no wonder I was curious if it would be visible on google
  | earth
  | 
  | https://www.google.com/maps/@14.0091737,120.9958504,179m/dat...
 
| fwlr wrote:
| The article states that Greenland is the largest island. This may
| conflict with a common belief that Australia is an island; as an
| Australian, allow me to explain (it's actually quite
| interesting!)
| 
| Australia is a continent, so it cannot be an island by
| definition, as islands are defined as 1. completely surrounded by
| water, and 2. smaller than continents. It may seem like a silly
| technical objection at first, but it's actually necessary to
| stipulate that continents cannot be islands, as otherwise the
| largest island would be the Americas, or perhaps mainland Asia +
| Africa + Europe.
| 
| Perhaps the other reason Australia _seems like_ an island (while
| eg the Americas does not) is that it looks mostly convex on a
| global map. Unfortunately, we can't make use of this intuition in
| a formal way because of the coastline paradox.
 
  | stickfigure wrote:
  | > Australia is a continent
  | 
  | Or is it King of the Islands?
  | 
  | CGP Grey: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3uBcq1x7P34
 
  | rags2riches wrote:
  | I used to think continents and seabed were the same. If you
  | were to add more sea there would be more seabed, less
  | continents. Remove the water and all that's left is a single
  | continent.
  | 
  | But that's not even close. For starters, the continents are
  | ancient. The seabed, the crust between the continents, is in a
  | constant process of renewal. The age of the seabed is measured
  | in millions of years, not billions.
 
  | chii wrote:
  | > Australia is a continent, so it cannot be an island by
  | definition
  | 
  | So the reason greenland being an island is due to definition
  | then? Which makes the concept of an island moot, as it's driven
  | via definition, rather than criteria.
 
    | layer8 wrote:
    | Countries are defined by convention as well; that doesn't
    | make them a moot concept.
    | 
    | That aside, there is actually a rather good criteria-based
    | definition for continents vs. islands:
    | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35568455
 
    | pc86 wrote:
    | What the difference between definition and criteria?
 
      | chii wrote:
      | a criteria can be applied to something to find out if it
      | fits - a definition is by fiat (without the use of any
      | criteria).
 
    | hutzlibu wrote:
    | "So the reason greenland being an island is due to definition
    | then?"
    | 
    | Isn't everything, including criteria?
 
      | mahathu wrote:
      | No, it's the difference between normative and descriptive
      | categorizations.
 
    | iso1631 wrote:
    | The unambigious definition would be a contiguous landmass
    | surrounded by water at sealevel, which would be in descending
    | order of area
    | 
    | Afro-Eurasia *
    | 
    | Americas *
    | 
    | Antarctica
    | 
    | Australia landmass
    | 
    | Greenland
    | 
    | * This of course depending on how rivers and man-made canals
    | of Suez, Panama, and other canals like Kiel, or ones linking
    | rivers, are treated, there could be arguments that Suez
    | should be included (no locks), but Panama shouldn't be, or
    | all should be, or none should be, or Suez and Panama should
    | be, etc
 
  | bee_rider wrote:
  | I've never heard of the idea that Australia might be an island
  | instead of a continent. Grew up in the 90's in the US, FWIW. I
  | wonder if "Australia as a continent" is an older idea?
  | 
  | Of course people will argue endlessly about what exactly a
  | continent is (can't just use geology because then Europeans
  | don't get to be special), but the truth of the matter is,
  | capturing Australia gets you +2 troops in Risk so it must be a
  | continent.
 
  | math_dandy wrote:
  | Avoid these irritating semantics by insisting that "in a lake"
  | be the final prepositional clause in any of these examples. We
  | can all agree that a landmass surrounded by fresh water is an
  | island, right? (And that lakes are uncontroversially fresh
  | water by definition?)
 
    | yowzadave wrote:
    | > And that lakes are uncontroversially fresh water by
    | definition?
    | 
    | As someone who grew up next to the Great Salt Lake, this is
    | not uncontroversial!
 
      | math_dandy wrote:
      | Point.
 
      | grogenaut wrote:
      | Why is the gsl a lake and the Salton sea a sea
 
        | Dylan16807 wrote:
        | Salton Sea is a lake.
 
  | usrusr wrote:
  | So we're safe from continents in lakes on islands? Phew.
 
  | nuclearcookie wrote:
  | In school in Belgium, we learned that Oceania is the continent
  | and not Australia. So for us, would Australia then be the
  | largest island after all?
  | 
  | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceania
 
    | juliangamble wrote:
    | Quoting from that page:
    | 
    | In her 1961 book The United States and the Southwest Pacific,
    | American author Clinton Hartley Grattan commented that, "the
    | use of the word Oceania to cover Australia, New Zealand, and
    | the [Pacific] islands now has a slightly old-fashioned
    | flavor."
 
      | jefftk wrote:
      | Whether it was an "old-fashioned" term in 1961 doesn't have
      | much bearing on whether we should use it now, though.
 
      | mfer wrote:
      | > has a slightly old-fashioned flavor
      | 
      | When people use things like this I try to catch it. This
      | isn't a reasoned argument. It's meant to have the reader or
      | hearer feel a certain way to change minds.
 
        | yamtaddle wrote:
        | Rather than reasoned, such a tip may be useful--if one
        | wishes to speak or write about what one has read without
        | giving an odd or unintended impression.
 
        | bryanrasmussen wrote:
        | I mean there are expressions that seem archaic and she
        | remarked on it.
 
        | atonse wrote:
        | Agreed, anyway what is old-fashioned about it? And is
        | that even a valid argument to not use it anymore?
 
        | DiggyJohnson wrote:
        | Why do you interpret her reporting that the term is "old-
        | fashioned" as an argument that it shouldn't be used?
        | She's not making an argument, just remarking on the term.
 
        | bluGill wrote:
        | Language is only useful if we all agree on a common
        | meaning for it. If you use old fashioned language I may
        | still recognize it, but it is still wrong: you need to
        | update your language to whatever is current (this does
        | change!) so that we continue to understand each other.
        | 
        | Maybe I can't define why it is old fashioned, but if it
        | is old fashioned it is wrong. I would hope that people
        | who better understand the details have a better
        | definition of the terms in use and could apply it, but
        | all I know is your usage is old fashioned. (Note, the
        | above doesn't preclude the idea that I'm wrong and the
        | language is current, merely that we both need to do more
        | research and should be more careful in this area
        | until/unless we do!)
 
        | Verdex wrote:
        | > Language is only useful if we all agree on a common
        | meaning for it.
        | 
        | Is it possible to agree on a common meaning for language
        | using the language for which we are attempting to agree
        | on the common meaning? On a logical level, I think I
        | reject such an idea, although I would be fascinated in an
        | argument that suggests such a thing would be possible.
        | 
        | > all agree
        | 
        | Information theory suggests that commonly used symbols
        | should be short and rare symbols should be long. Any
        | subgrouping of people will encounter scenarios requiring
        | different ideas to be discussed at different frequencies.
        | Jargon differing amongst people is to be expected and is
        | what at least I have observed. I also reject 'all agree'
        | on an information theory level.
        | 
        | > Language is only useful
        | 
        | And finally on a personal note. I generally misunderstand
        | what most people are talking about most of the time. I
        | think of it in terms of being weakly immune to peer
        | pressure, but the other side of the coin is that I have a
        | hard time keeping up with whatever group I'm a part of.
        | And vice versa, I often say things that others quite
        | obviously misunderstand.
        | 
        | However, I still find language useful. Even when there is
        | no agreement on common meaning. Even when jargon
        | necessarily forms differently between groups (and often
        | even between individuals). Even when we try imperfectly
        | to define language basing it upon itself. Using old
        | fashioned language (or simply uncommonly agreed upon
        | language) isn't 'still wrong' even if recognized. It is,
        | I assert, the only way language can even be.
 
        | pmarreck wrote:
        | You're right. But it may still have that flavor.
 
        | [deleted]
 
    | lhorie wrote:
    | Tasmania and Frasier are islands, which would make Australia
    | more of an archipelago, I think.
 
    | FabHK wrote:
    | There are schools of thought with 4, 5, 6, or 7 continents,
    | but all of them consider Australia a continent, and Oceania a
    | region, at least according to Wikipedia; though "some
    | geographers group the Australian continental landmass with
    | other islands in the Pacific Ocean into one 'quasi-continent'
    | called Oceania."
    | 
    | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continent#Definitions_and_appl.
    | ..
 
    | marcosdumay wrote:
    | All continents include islands, but that doesn't make their
    | main land body an island.
    | 
    | Anyway, all of that is completely arbitrary, so don't expect
    | it to make sense.
 
    | fwlr wrote:
    | Yes, if you grew up being told that the continent is Oceania,
    | and all the people around you were also told the continent is
    | Oceania, then Australia is indeed the biggest island.
    | Language is fun like that.
 
    | lexandstuff wrote:
    | The definition of a continent is a continuous expanse of
    | land. So technically, Australia is a continent, and Oceania
    | is a region [1].
    | 
    | It seems that parts of the world refer to regions as
    | continents.
    | 
    | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Region
 
      | BillinghamJ wrote:
      | I wouldn't say the definition is all that clear-cut either:
      | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/continent#English
      | 
      | > generally regarded as seven in number, _including their
      | related islands_, continental shelves etc.
 
      | OJFord wrote:
      | Ok so the bulk of Great Britain is a continent, Northern
      | and the Republic of Ireland form a continent, the Isle of
      | Wight is a continent, ...?
      | 
      | Or for the NA readers: the bulk of NA&SA form a single
      | continent, not two, Russia and continental Europe sometimes
      | join it, Hawaii is a continent, ...?
 
      | rvba wrote:
      | Something does not add up for me here. If you say that
      | Australia is a continent, but Oceania a region.. then how
      | is New Zealand classified? Shouldnt it count as a continent
      | too? (What is probably wrong)
      | 
      | I think all those things are quite cultural: after all
      | Europe and Asia are connected, arguably with Africa too.
      | Same for both Americas which could be counted as one big
      | thing. On a side note does: Panama canal work as a real
      | divide between both Ameican continents? Similar question
      | for Suez Canal
 
      | prennert wrote:
      | "continuous expanse of land" would imply at least that any
      | island is its own continent, but perhaps even that each
      | bank of any river (while water is in it) would divide
      | continents. So that does not seem right.
      | 
      | Wikipedia actually contradicts you in the first two
      | sentences in the "Continent" entry [0]:
      | 
      | > A continent is any of several large geographical regions.
      | Continents are generally identified by convention rather
      | than any strict criteria.
      | 
      | [0]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continent
 
        | frosted-flakes wrote:
        | An island is not an _expanse_ of land, and the presence
        | of a river doesn 't make an expanse of land
        | discontinuous.
 
        | prennert wrote:
        | Greenland and Madagascar would disagree. But yes on
        | second thought, you are correct with the river.
 
      | memsom wrote:
      | The funny thing is that in other languages, you are not
      | right. I thought I was remembering correctly, so I looked -
      | here is what Swedish has to say:
      | 
      | https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A4rldsdelar_och_kontinen
      | t...
      | 
      | So - in Swedish, "kontenent" is a "continuous expanse of
      | land". But a "varldsdel" (which translates to "part of the
      | world" roughly) is I guess "region". So - if you look at
      | the table, "Europe" and "Asia" are both individual
      | "varldsdel", but they are one "kontinent" Eurasia. This
      | certainly flies in the face of what I was taught in school
      | - Europe was definitely a continent, as was Asia. Also
      | notice, Oceana is a "varldsdel", Australia is a
      | "kontinent". But Google translates both words to
      | "continent" in English, but the words are different..
      | kontinent is "geographical", but varldsdel is "cultural".
      | 
      | I think this is what causes the issue - the definition of
      | the 7 traditional continents in English is not universal.
      | This page seems to imply it is very dependent on where you
      | live (sorry, in Swedish again):
      | https://www.geoguessr.com/seterra/sv/p/hur-manga-
      | varldsdelar (this is google translates version:
      | https://www-geoguessr-com.translate.goog/seterra/sv/p/hur-
      | ma... )
 
      | LeifCarrotson wrote:
      | If you define the continent as a continuous expanse of
      | land, then the Americas and Afro-Eurasia are continents,
      | albeit divided by the Panama Ithsmus, Suez Ithsmus,
      | and...Ural Mountains?
      | 
      | Panama and Suez are divided by a canal, but those are
      | artificial with a floor higher than sea level. If you
      | stopped maintenance on the canals for a geologic blink of
      | an eye and it would return to a land bridge, but it's
      | narrow...I can see arguments both ways.
      | 
      | However, the only argument for calling Europe one continent
      | and Asia a different continent is that Eurasia would be too
      | big if it were a continent. Afro-Eurasia is right out!
 
        | eesmith wrote:
        | Technical point: The Suez canal is a sea-level waterway,
        | and even has a slow rate of flow. There are no locks.
        | 
        | The floor of the canal is definitely below sea level.
        | There's a 1.2 m difference in sea level between the two
        | ends, and the canal is 24 m deep.
        | 
        | That said, without maintenance it would indeed revert to
        | a land bridge.
 
        | mvandermeulen wrote:
        | What if I was to count to 5 instead of 3?
 
      | madeofpalk wrote:
      | "continuous expanse of land" Is United Kingdom a part of
      | Europe?
 
        | einpoklum wrote:
        | Oh, you don't want to get into that discussion my
        | friends. Many men have died in the context of "answering"
        | that question...
 
      | twelvechairs wrote:
      | > The definition of a continent is a continuous expanse of
      | land.
      | 
      | That is both vague and by no means the only definition of a
      | continent. A continent is basically defined culturally -
      | different places say there are 4,5,6 or 7 continents.
      | 
      | The closest to a good scientific definition is 'the largest
      | landmass of a continental plate' (which would include
      | Australia but not greenland, but then arguably India, east
      | Africa, Arabia and Central America are really also on their
      | own plates)
 
        | anyonecancode wrote:
        | I like having a clear definition like basing it on
        | continental plates, though a map of the plates seems to
        | raise its own set of questions. How small is too small of
        | a plate to count? What of parts of what we call
        | continents that are actually on a different plate?
        | 
        | https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Plate
        | _te...
        | 
        | I think continent, in the general usage, is really more
        | of a cultural/political definition than an an objective
        | standalone concept.
 
        | scythe wrote:
        | Perhaps the most challenging problem with the plate
        | definition is that it would place northern Honshu and all
        | of Hokkaido in North America. Treating the Caribbean,
        | India and Arabia as continents is basically consistent
        | with how we talk about them anyway.
 
        | bluGill wrote:
        | I wish science would come up with a better definition.
        | Just like we no longer have Pluto as a planet (there were
        | other definitions they considered with different results
        | - the important thing is a useful definition)
 
        | SllX wrote:
        | That won't happen, largely because continents are BS
        | scientifically but useful colloquially and in geography.
        | Politics also uses them too, but the usefulness of that
        | I'll leave as an exercise for others.
        | 
        | If you want science, you want plate tectonics and
        | geography focused around the boundaries of plates and
        | volcanic science. If you want to know what a continent
        | is, whatever model you were taught in school is good
        | enough for government work. The important thing is to
        | know what that land over yonder is if you're on a boat.
 
        | manojlds wrote:
        | Yeah then Pluto is a planet as well. We defined it more
        | precisely and demoted Pluto. Continents are just not
        | defined in detail.
 
        | frosted-flakes wrote:
        | I mean, Pluto is definitely still a planet in the
        | cultural imagination. There can be exceptions to rules.
        | Even if there are some exoplanets that resemble Pluto, we
        | can still say that Pluto is a planet and those other
        | nameless things aren't.
 
        | Nevermark wrote:
        | I cannot understand why the cultural understanding of
        | planet wasn't respected, while still making whatever
        | nuanced distinction scientists wanted.
        | 
        | My solution would have been:
        | 
        |  _Planet_ = any standalone body in space, formed around a
        | star or brown dwarf, large enough for gravity to mold it
        | into a sphere, but not massive enough to enable any
        | fusion. (i.e. exclude stars and brown dwarfs).
        | 
        | Then:
        | 
        |  _Major planet_ : Planet that has cleared the
        | neighborhood around its orbit. We have 8 of these.
        | 
        |  _Minor planet_ : Planet that has not cleared the
        | neighborhood around its orbit. This would include Pluto,
        | Ceres, and many extra-Pluto bodies.
        | 
        | The current scientific definition is tortured. I.e. a
        | "dwarf planet" is not a "planet", which is just
        | unintuitive nomenclature grammatically, as well as
        | violating the regular use of the word "planet".
 
    | krzyk wrote:
    | In my case (school in Poland) it was: Australia and Oceania
 
    | JoeAltmaier wrote:
    | Surely that would be Antarctica?
 
    | dragonwriter wrote:
    | > In school in Belgium, we learned that Oceania is the
    | continent and not Australia. So for us, would Australia then
    | be the largest island after all?
    | 
    | No, whether you call the continent "Australia" or "Oceania",
    | the land mass that makes up the entirety of the mainland of
    | it is, _ipso facto_ , not an island, and neither is the
    | country occupying the entirety of that landmass and some
    | adjacent islands (though, of course, it contains several
    | islands.)
 
      | elvis70 wrote:
      | Oceania is not Australia. After the Wikipedia article:
      | "Oceania is a geographical region which includes
      | Australasia, Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia".
 
        | [deleted]
 
        | martincmartin wrote:
        | Yes, but Australia is " the land mass that makes up the
        | entirety of the mainland" of Oceania.
 
        | SllX wrote:
        | In English, Australia is just Australia. The Australian
        | continent includes the Australian mainland, New Guinea
        | and several islands within Australian or Indonesian
        | jurisdiction.
        | 
        | Oceania is this designation of convenience that excludes
        | islands that are non-Continental and would otherwise be
        | lumped in with Asia, and in addition to Australia there
        | are three groupings of island territories which are
        | ethnically classified as Melanesia, Micronesia and
        | Polynesia.
        | 
        | Melanesia includes New Guinea (remember, part of the
        | Australian continent, separated from the country by a
        | strait), and running east goes to Nauru, southeast to
        | Fiji, and then west to New Caledonia which is essentially
        | one of the highest altitude masses of the mostly
        | submerged continent of Zealandia (the other land masses
        | being New Zealand and a few islands belonging to the
        | country of Australia). Melanesia also includes the
        | Solomon Islands and Vanuatu.
        | 
        | Micronesia is a region that from Palau runs east through
        | the Federated States or Micronesia to Kiribati, northwest
        | to the Mariana Islands (including Guam) and back down to
        | Palau and is mostly in the Northern Pacific.
        | 
        | Polynesia forms a near-triangle often referred to as the
        | Polynesian Triangle with New Zealand in the Southern
        | corner, Hawai'i in the Northern corner and Easter Island
        | in the Eastern corner. There are too many island groups
        | here for me to want to list them all, but this is
        | essentially where Polynesian peoples settled.
        | 
        | Which brings us back to Oceania. There's all these
        | islands people live that if you squint your eyes a little
        | look like they're close enough to Australia. Why not just
        | group them all together and call them a continent? And
        | from what I've gathered that's exactly what a lot of
        | countries have done for a while or started to do.
        | Continents are basically arbitrary BS anyway, good BS
        | that serves a useful purpose colloquially but still BS;
        | and it looks like to me like it's just a way of keeping
        | the list of "major regions" shorter than it otherwise
        | would be because between Australia also being a country
        | and all of these archipelagos spread out across the
        | Pacific being both low population and underdeveloped,
        | nobody wants to append them to a list of supposed
        | "continents" as separate entities, so Oceania it is.
        | 
        | And if you did that, what about India? Arabia?
        | Madagascar? The western portion of North America
        | basically divided by the Rockies? This would start to get
        | political after a while.
        | 
        | So eh, Australia is a continent in English, but Oceania
        | is a region that includes Australia. Whether the
        | continent of "Australia" includes the obvious portions
        | like New Guinea, well, not when I was in school, but I
        | don't think that matters.
 
    | sebastialonso wrote:
    | We learned this in Chile as well, Oceania is as Asia is as
    | America. Also that no country is at the same time a
    | continent. Are Aussies taught that their country is the
    | actual continent?
 
      | throwaway894345 wrote:
      | > Also that no country is at the same time a continent
      | 
      | Can a continent have the same name as a country?
 
        | coutego wrote:
        | Yes. America.
        | 
        | I know, I know. English speaking countries refer to the
        | continent as "the Americas" rather than America, as the
        | rest of the planet does but, then, the rest of the planet
        | refers to the "United States of America" as the "US" and
        | (normally) not as "America" .
        | 
        | Now seriously, America is a given name for the whole
        | continent (with Noth America and South America as its two
        | subcontinents) and was never meant to be used as the name
        | of any one of its 35 countries.
        | 
        | Many in the EU are often doing the same chauvinistic
        | thing, refering to themselves as "Europe" forgetting that
        | there are 23 European countries that are not part of the
        | EU. That case is slightly (just slightly) less annoying
        | because at least is 27 EU European countries vs 23 non EU
        | European countries, so at least they can claim to be the
        | majority of countries. US case is one country vs. 34, so
        | objectively even more absurd.
 
        | mixmastamyk wrote:
        | Synecdoche is relatively common:
        | 
        | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synecdoche
 
        | throwaway894345 wrote:
        | This comment seems confused. In English, "the Americas"
        | isn't a continent nor are North America and South America
        | "sub-continents"; rather, North America is a continent,
        | South America is a continent, "the Americas" refers
        | unambiguously to the collection of both continents, and
        | "America" refers unambiguously to the United States of
        | America (and "American" refers unambiguously to a US
        | citizen). The only chauvinism occurs when speakers of
        | other languages insist that the English language adopt
        | their model of continents and the corresponding toponyms
        | and demonyms (for example, many Spanish speakers use
        | "Americano" to refer to inhabitants of the Americas, and
        | since that word looks like "American" in English, many of
        | these Spanish speakers believe English speakers should
        | modify the meaning of "American" to mirror their
        | "Americano").
        | 
        | Using "Europe" to refer to the EU member states in
        | English is different because "Europe" in English
        | traditionally refers to the entire continent and
        | referring to the EU as "Europe" introduces ambiguity. I
        | don't think this ambiguity is a significant problem and I
        | wouldn't call it "chauvinism" but perhaps I could be
        | convinced otherwise.
 
        | lhorie wrote:
        | > "America" refers unambiguously to the United States of
        | America
        | 
        | When people say "Columbus discovered America", it most
        | certainly is referring to the entire landmass and
        | surrounding islands (he technically landed in the
        | Bahamas).
 
        | throwaway894345 wrote:
        | That seems likely to be a vestige and not emblematic of a
        | general pattern.
 
        | msm_ wrote:
        | By the way, one thing I always wondered? Are Canadians
        | annoyed by that usage, or more or less accepted that
        | they're not "American" in English? (I would especially
        | appreciate if a Canadian shared their thoughts about
        | this)
 
        | lhorie wrote:
        | (I'm a canadian citizen, born in South America)
        | 
        | My two cents is US people are the ones who have an
        | unusual take on the word "America". Outside the US, it's
        | not very idiomatic to call the country "America", or even
        | "USA". "US" is more common (and in both Spanish and
        | Portuguese, it's almost always called "Estados Unidos").
        | 
        | The term "american" is mainstream both in Canada and
        | elsewhere. I imagine that's probably at least partly a
        | function of "unitedstatesman" being too much of a
        | mouthful. (BTW, if you think that's a ridiculous word, in
        | portuguese "estadounidense" is an actual word, albeit
        | with a connotation of being something a "woke" person
        | might say).
 
        | coutego wrote:
        | > many Spanish speakers use "Americano" to refer to
        | inhabitants of the Americas, and since that word looks
        | like "American" in English, many of these Spanish
        | speakers believe English speakers should modify the
        | meaning of "American" to mirror their "Americano"
        | 
        | Spanish speakers, or, rather, the Crown of Castille
        | created the word "America" and "americanos" to refer to
        | the new continent and their people. English speakers
        | adopted the same word, but with a different meaning.
        | 
        | Not saying that it's wrong for US people to refer to
        | their country by anh word that they chose. They are free
        | to do so. But it is useful, I think, to understand that
        | people for other countries of America, who call
        | themselves "americanos" because that's what they are, can
        | be surprised to be told they are not "Americans", even
        | though they are "americanos". I guess it's confusing for
        | them, at the very least.
        | 
        | Just imagine that Colombians started to call their
        | country "America" and when you went there they would
        | insist that you are not American ("americano"). I guess
        | you would not be amused. I don't know.
        | 
        | I'm not "americano", but European, so it doesn't really
        | affect me. Just trying to give some context to better
        | understand others. Peace! :-)
 
        | coutego wrote:
        | That's what I wrote, that in English speaking countries
        | you refer to the whole continent as "the Americas".
        | 
        | The name "America", though, was given to the whole "New
        | World", which is what we now call "America", the
        | continent. British started using the name just for what
        | is now the US, so in English speaking countries, the
        | usage is different nowdays. In other countries "America"
        | continues to be used for the whole continent (it is still
        | considered one conti nent, not two).
        | 
        | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerigo_Vespucci
        | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continent
 
        | frosted-flakes wrote:
        | Sure, Australia the continent and country have the same
        | name.
 
      | xiande04 wrote:
      | We were taught that Australia is a continent in the US as
      | well. But then again, Americans are not known for their
      | knowledge of geography...
 
        | Clamchop wrote:
        | Pretty sure even Americans know of islands and
        | continents, even if they bin them differently. The
        | distinction is fundamentally arbitrary...
 
        | xiande04 wrote:
        | Okay. If you think that, go ask a random American to
        | point to Oceania on a map. Report back to me when you do.
        | :)
 
        | Clamchop wrote:
        | Different goalpost. :) :) :)
 
        | kube-system wrote:
        | I was taught both in the US. The content taught in US
        | schools varies by locale.
 
    | e-v wrote:
    | I don't know if you went to a French-speaking school in
    | Belgium, but I was told the same thing in a French school.
    | The French "continent" certainly refers to a large mass of
    | land and its surrounding islands [1]. Hence, the continent is
    | Oceania rather than Australia.
    | 
    | [1] https://www.larousse.fr/dictionnaires/francais/continent/
    | 186...
 
      | judge2020 wrote:
      | Also "Oceania" according to ISO 3166-1
      | 
      | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_and_
      | d...
 
      | yellowapple wrote:
      | That's how we learned it in middle school and beyond here
      | in the US, but the Australia question boiled down to "yeah,
      | technically it's an island, but are you _really_ going to
      | start your conversations about Australia with a bunch of
      | quibbling around islands v. continents? ".
 
        | brewdad wrote:
        | Quibbling over pedantry is what this site does best.
 
        | late2part wrote:
        | You mean arguing!
 
        | hinkley wrote:
        | SHUT YOUR FESTERING GOB, YOU TIT! YOUR TYPE MAKES ME
        | PUKE!
 
        | B1FF_PSUVM wrote:
        | No, it's not. Exquisite all-Erlang front pages are also
        | occasionally served.
        | 
        | (OK, once, many years ago, but the point stands.)
 
        | ed_elliott_asc wrote:
        | Citation needed.
        | 
        | Oh wrong site.
 
      | ed_elliott_asc wrote:
      | My children 12&9 were taught at school in the UK that
      | Australia was in oceanana
 
      | ghostDancer wrote:
      | Spain, at least at my time was the same. The Continents
      | were Asia, Africa, America (North and South as one) ,
      | Europe, Oceania.
 
        | ComputerGuru wrote:
        | Funny. One America but no Eurasia ;)
 
        | ghostDancer wrote:
        | I'm talking how we learned 40 years ago in Spain, don't
        | know if it has changed. Antarctica wasn't even included
        | then.
 
        | dorfsmay wrote:
        | Then, by that definition, how is Europe, as opposed to
        | Eurasia, a continent?
 
        | panxyh wrote:
        | The continents are defined geologically and not by amount
        | of blue around them on a map.
 
        | 0xffff2 wrote:
        | North and South America are on different tectonic plates,
        | while Europe and most of Asia are on a single plate. If
        | anything, the geological definition of continents seems
        | to support separate Americas and a unified Eurasia.
 
        | panxyh wrote:
        | I stand corrected then. Always assumed that the Ural lied
        | on border of two plates.
 
        | Beldin wrote:
        | And to acknowledge India as a separate continent.
 
        | TylerE wrote:
        | The best argument for separating the Americas is probably
        | the existence of the Darien Gap. I'm not sure there is
        | more inhospitable route in a populated area anywhere in
        | the world.
 
        | [deleted]
 
        | eesmith wrote:
        | The continents are defined geographically and culturally,
        | not geologically.
        | 
        | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continent points out how
        | they "are generally identified by convention rather than
        | any strict criteria" and lists "several ways of
        | distinguishing the continents", with the 7-continent
        | model, two different 6-continent models. It also mentions
        | the "four-continent model consisting of Afro-Eurasia,
        | America, Antarctica, and Australia", as well as how there
        | were only three discrete landmasses present during the
        | Pleistocene ice ages, when the Bering Strait was instead
        | land.
        | 
        | You can see the cultural influence in:
        | 
        | > In the English-speaking countries, geographers often
        | use the term Oceania to denote a geographical region
        | which includes most of the island countries and
        | territories in the Pacific Ocean, as well as the
        | continent of Australia.
        | 
        | > In some non-English-speaking countries, such as China,
        | Poland, and Russia, Oceania is considered a proper
        | continent because their equivalent word for "continent"
        | has a rather different meaning which can be interpreted
        | as "a major division of land including islands" (leaning
        | towards a region) rather than "land associated with a
        | large landmass" (leaning towards a landmass).
        | 
        | They are not defined by geology nor continental plates.
        | For one, the word and current use is far older than our
        | first glimmers of understanding plate tectonics.
        | https://www.etymonline.com/word/continent says the
        | meaning in the 1550s was "continuous tract of land" and
        | by the 1610s became "one of the large land masses of the
        | globe".
        | 
        | FWIW, the North American plate includes some of the
        | continent of Asia.
        | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_American_Plate
 
        | ta8903 wrote:
        | No Antarctica? I was taught it was a continent (making 7
        | of them) and Wikipedia confirms it being one.
 
        | ghostDancer wrote:
        | 40 years ago in Spain 5 continents only, no Antarctica,
        | my guess is as no one was living there why worry about
        | it. Don't know if it has changed, I'll ask my son.
 
  | pasc1878 wrote:
  | If Australia is a continent then what continent are New Zealand
  | and New Guinea in?
 
    | ezzaf wrote:
    | They are not part of a continent, but simply islands (well,
    | groups of islands).
    | 
    | Some definitions would include them as part of Oceania.
 
    | Marqin wrote:
    | New Zealand is part of Zealandia continent (which nowadays is
    | mostly submerged)
 
  | schwartzworld wrote:
  | > it's actually necessary to stipulate that continents cannot
  | be islands, as otherwise the largest island would be the
  | Americas, or perhaps mainland Asia + Africa + Europe.
  | 
  | I don't understand. Why does considering a single continent to
  | be an island also mean that you need to include groupings of
  | multiple continents in that definition? Europe + Asia + Africa
  | is 3 continents, not one.
 
    | axus wrote:
    | Is it transitive? Does "continent cannot be island" imply
    | "island cannot be continent"? I don't even know the other
    | word to describe "island cannot be a single continent, but it
    | CAN be multiple continents".
    | 
    | I guess that gets into the question: "Can a river count as
    | the border of an island?". What happens if the river dries up
    | sometimes?
    | 
    | It seems people have already decided there are 7 continents,
    | and will adjust the definition until it gives the result.
 
  | munk-a wrote:
  | Might I supply an alternative island definition that would help
  | clear things up? Any landmass surrounded by water where you can
  | acquire a Mai tai is an island - while any landmass surrounded
  | by water where you are unable to acquire a Mai tai is an islet.
  | More seriously - this is like the pluto debate all over again
  | and it seems mostly fueled by negative perceptions of being and
  | not being a thing. Can't we just settle on all distinct land-
  | masses being islands and some islands just being stupidly
  | large? I don't get what we stand to gain by excluding either
  | three or four land masses from the island definition. So long
  | as we're excluding man made canals from the definition we only
  | have Afro-eurasia, the Americas, Antartica and possibly
  | Australia as non-island landmasses - making an exception in a
  | group of thousands? millions? of water surrounded land-masses
  | to not be islands feels exceptionally useless.
  | 
  | I humbly propose we open the consumption of Mai tais to
  | everyone on earth without discrimination. If you object I
  | welcome you to come to a conference I'm arranging on the island
  | of Jylland.
 
  | xg15 wrote:
  | > _Unfortunately, we can't make use of this intuition in a
  | formal way because of the coastline paradox._
  | 
  | I wonder if you could create some "relaxed" definitions of
  | "convex" that would be able to capture shape properties only at
  | certain scales. Something like "every polygon from points which
  | are between x and y meters from the coastline and at least z
  | meters from each other is convex".
 
    | fwlr wrote:
    | Draw a convex polygon which satisfies the conditions
    | 
    | 1. Every point on the edge of the polygon is in water
    | 
    | 2. Every point on the land in question is inside the polygon
    | 
    | And then sample some very large _n_ points uniformly
    | /randomly from inside the polygon, reporting whether you hit
    | land or water. The closer to 100% land your sampling gets,
    | the more "convex-like" the land in question is.
    | 
    | Basically, draw a convex bounding polygon around the land and
    | ask how much of that bounding polygon does the land fill up.
 
  | Laaas wrote:
  | Continents are a flawed and made-up concept. They make no
  | sense. They add absolutely no value to any discourse. I simply
  | refrain from using the concept.
 
    | fsckboy wrote:
    | sounds like the best way to describe you and your feelings
    | about this subject is: incontinent!
 
    | rendaw wrote:
    | I agree, in fact islands are a made up concept too. All
    | landmasses on earth are surrounding water, although not
    | simultaneously. There are only lakes.
 
      | ByThyGrace wrote:
      | The whole conversation will get awkward once the polar ice
      | caps fully melt.
 
  | AmVess wrote:
  | We can fuse ideas and call it a Continental Island.
 
  | belter wrote:
  | It would be great if it existed at all:
  | https://www.theguardian.com/technology/shortcuts/2018/apr/15...
 
  | amelius wrote:
  | If Australia is an island, then the moment someone spills a
  | drop of water on Mars they are standing on an island.
 
  | iso1631 wrote:
  | The term "continent" is illdefined, but English wikipedia
  | defines the Continet of Australia to comprise the country of
  | Australia and the country of Papua New Guinea, as well as part
  | of the country of Indonesia (Western New Guinea)
  | 
  | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia_(continent)
  | 
  | This is a separate Australia to Australia the Mainland (which
  | doesn't New Guinea), and separate from Australia the country
  | (which includes Tasmania)
  | 
  | Therefore I'm not convinced that "Australia is a continent, so
  | it cannot be an island by definition" rules out the Australia
  | Mainland.
  | 
  | If we look at the wikipedia definition of Island
  | 
  | "subcontinental land completely surrounded by water"
  | 
  | And accept that "Australia the continent" comprises "Australia
  | Mainland", New Guinea (both PNG and part of Indonesia), and
  | nearby islands like Tasmania and Lord Howe (but not New
  | Zealand), then Australia Mainland is surely subcontinental and
  | completely surrounded by water.
  | 
  | Once you leave the English speaking world though, Oceania as a
  | continent comes into play, which goes back to that "definition
  | of continent"
 
    | layer8 wrote:
    | Please see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island#Differentiati
    | on_from_co...:
    | 
    |  _There is a widely accepted difference between islands and
    | continents in terms of geology. Continents are often
    | considered to be the largest landmass of a particular
    | continental plate; this holds true for Australia, which sits
    | on its own continental lithosphere and tectonic plate (the
    | Australian Plate).
    | 
    | By contrast, islands are usually seen as being extensions of
    | the oceanic crust (e.g. volcanic islands), or as belonging to
    | a continental plate containing a larger landmass (continental
    | islands); the latter is the case of Greenland, which sits on
    | the North American Plate._
 
      | bee_rider wrote:
      | The continental plate based definition seems to include a
      | number of splits they are not widely considered continents.
      | I mean I'll happily combine Europe and Asia into Eurasia,
      | and India is clearly a continent, but an Arabian continent
      | doesn't seem to be brought up much at all, and I've never
      | heard of somebody listing "a bit of Central America" when
      | talking about the continents.
 
      | iso1631 wrote:
      | Asia (Or Eurasia, or Africa/Eurasia) comprise multiple
      | tectonic plates, as does America (or North/South America).
      | Is the area south of the Himalayas a separate continent
      | from the area north because they're on different plates?
      | What continent is Iceland in? Or Japan, much of which is on
      | the North American plate.
      | 
      | There's no clear definition and there's far to much
      | political and cultural meaning in the definition of a
      | continent so any definition involving the term is going to
      | be ambiguous.
 
    | ezzaf wrote:
    | Wouldn't this apply to other continents too? Given for
    | example Vancouver Island is part of North America, then North
    | America (the island, not the continent) would qualify as it
    | too is sub-continental. Europe and Asia would be the only
    | continents excluded by virtue of being connected by land.
 
  | manojlds wrote:
  | > as otherwise the largest island would be the Americas, or
  | perhaps mainland Asia + Africa + Europe.
  | 
  | Isn't that the point though? North America is not an island.
  | Asia is not an island. If NA and SA were one, they would be an
  | island, but they are not.
  | 
  | If the point is Australia is a continent and hence not an
  | island fine. But it's not because Americas will then become
  | island because Americas is not a continent.
 
    | fsckboy wrote:
    | North and South America are isthmi
 
      | munk-a wrote:
      | Eurasia is just a big penisula off of the Sinai.
      | 
      | These technical definitions are pretty awful when we get
      | down to it.
 
    | isaacremuant wrote:
    | It's not "The Americas".
    | 
    | It's America. It's a continent. It was named after Amerigo
    | Vespucci.
    | 
    | The fact that English speakers, led by the citizens of the
    | United States of America, in practice claim the name America
    | for themselves and want to push the point of North and South
    | (never quite agreeing what north is depending on the
    | political point being made), doesn't mean that there's
    | objective validity to it. Just a egocentric convenience and
    | the superpower influence.
 
      | jgwil2 wrote:
      | You're being very pedantic about something that's
      | fundamentally arbitrary and culturally defined. What makes
      | your preferred usage the correct one?
 
      | Dylan16807 wrote:
      | > Just a egocentric convenience and the superpower
      | influence.
      | 
      | This is completely wrong, unless your argument is something
      | like there being only two continents. Which is fine but
      | pretty far from how continents are normally defined and you
      | should probably use a different word.
      | 
      | By far the most egregious continent border is Europe vs.
      | Asia, and Africa is connected to those two just as much as
      | the Americas are connected.
      | 
      | > never quite agreeing what north is depending on the
      | political point being made
      | 
      | You get the same political fussiness around every continent
      | border. But the geographic boundary is pretty well decided
      | to be Panama.
 
    | anamexis wrote:
    | There is no singular definition of continent. In some uses,
    | the Americas are a singular continent.
    | 
    | (One odd example is the five Olympic rings, which represent
    | the "five inhabited continents": Asia, Europe, Africa,
    | Australia, and the Americas.)
 
      | manojlds wrote:
      | Precisely the point that these are arbitrary definitions.
      | Making a point that making Australia a island would make
      | Americas also island is silly.
      | 
      | And the ring represents Oceania and not Australia, and this
      | makes Australia an island in Oceania.
 
  | krzyk wrote:
  | Well, Antarctica is bigger than Australia.
 
  | duxup wrote:
  | Make sense to me.
  | 
  | > It may seem like a silly technical objection at first
  | 
  | And of course, just gotta draw the line somewhere.
 
  | CorrectHorseBat wrote:
  | >otherwise the largest island would be the Americas, or perhaps
  | mainland Asia + Africa + Europe.
  | 
  | Just curious, why perhaps? the second is much bigger
 
    | bluGill wrote:
    | Africa is enough separate that you can make an argument that
    | it isn't part of Asia+Europe. I can see no good reason to
    | call Europe and Asia a separate continent. (I'm not sure if
    | it is bigger than north+south America - it feels like it is,
    | but maps can be deceiving and can't be bothered to look it
    | up). Of course if Africa is not part of Asia+Europe then it
    | is hard to argue America is one continent.
    | 
    | In the end we don't have a good definition of continent
    | though, so you can find plenty of weird things you can argue
    | should be the definition and thus come up with a lot of
    | contradictory answers.
 
    | globular-toast wrote:
    | Maybe Afroeurasia is just "land" and everything else is
    | ocean, with islands.
    | 
    | I find it funny that humans love facts like "the skin is the
    | largest organ" but hate facts like "Afroeurasia is the
    | largest island". I wonder why that is.
 
      | yamtaddle wrote:
      | I don't think people hate either, we just don't treat them
      | as actually-true when using language. Nobody ordinarily
      | means to include "skin" when they say "organ" (possibly
      | doctors or academics in certain contexts, but it's not
      | normal usage), and nobody means "Afroeurasia" when they say
      | "island".
      | 
      | It's a kind of _reductio_ based on what people will tell
      | you when you ask them to define  "island", to show that
      | definitions they come up with tend to have outcomes they
      | don't like--happily, we may just ignore all that and keep
      | using the words in a useful and mutually-intelligible way,
      | so that language remains tenable. In fact, the reductio
      | isn't proving people wrong when they say "afroeurasia isn't
      | an island". Nobody treats it that way, so it's not. If they
      | did, we'd need a different word for "island".
 
      | jonwinstanley wrote:
      | Africa, Europe and Asia are continents, so can't be Islands
 
        | globular-toast wrote:
        | The definition of continent is very fuzzy and mostly man-
        | made. So all you're really saying is Afroeurasia isn't an
        | island because we decided it isn't.
 
  | lhorie wrote:
  | In many parts of the world, it is taught that Oceania is the
  | continent.
  | 
  | IMHO, saying that Australia is a continent comes with the
  | problematic notion that its close-by neighbour New Zealand is
  | not part of any continent, which would be weird given that even
  | Bouvet island is assigned to a continent.
 
| sleight42 wrote:
| I almost never comment here anymore but, well, here we are.
| 
| Says something about software people that we find such
| fascination with recursion.
| 
| Also, I can't help but reflect on a brilliant quote from
| Community:
| 
| "Stop being meta. Stop taking everything we do and shoving it up
| its own ass." -- Jeff Winger
| 
| With <3
 
  | behnamoh wrote:
  | I read each line like a lisp expression: from the end to the
  | beginning. Recursion tickles my brain!
 
  | ajmurmann wrote:
  | > Says something about software people that we find such
  | fascination with recursion.
  | 
  | Interesting! I would have thought everyone would finds this
  | fascinating. Is that truly not the case?
 
    | biggu wrote:
    | Interesting that you find that interest interesting
 
  | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
  | > Says something about software people that we find such
  | fascination with recursion.
  | 
  | Yes, I've always been fascinated by the way software people
  | find fascination with recursion.
 
    | brianpan wrote:
    | You might also like this:
    | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35567026
 
      | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
      | I prefer https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35569670
 
        | michtzik wrote:
        | I would have thought you'd link to
        | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35574446
 
        | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
        | self-reference and recursion are related but distinct
        | ideas.
 
      | jononomo wrote:
      | genuine LOL
 
    | chankstein38 wrote:
    | I've always been fascinated by the way people find it
    | fascinating the way software people find fascination with
    | recursion.
 
    | rhyme-boss wrote:
    | How dare you.
 
| leobg wrote:
| Almost as confusing to my brain as SQL JOINs...
 
  | gt565k wrote:
  | What, it's just set theory basically
 
    | frakt0x90 wrote:
    | "A monad is just a monoid in the category of endofunctors,
    | what's the problem?"
 
    | bl0rg wrote:
    | [flagged]
 
| adamgordonbell wrote:
| Wikipedia seems to say Treasure Island is the world's largest
| natural island in a lake on an island in a lake. Not sure which
| source is right?
| 
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treasure_Island_(Ontario)
 
  | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
  | They agree. Treasure Island is #7 from the article:
  | 
  | #7: Largest island in a lake on an island in a lake
  | 
  | Island in Mindemoya Lake on Manitoulin Island in Lake Huron
  | (CAN)
 
    | adamgordonbell wrote:
    | Oh ok, My bad! The wild thing to me is the picture on
    | wikipedia shows its not a small island. All the nesting made
    | me think it would be quite small.
 
  | zapdrive wrote:
  | But is the last lake on an island?
 
  | dmix wrote:
  | The linked website is outdated (the maps should be a signal)
  | the last Lake in the list doesn't exist anymore
  | 
  | > Up until the 2020 eruption of Taal Volcano there was a crater
  | lake on Volcano Island. It was known as Yellow Lake and Main
  | Crater Lake and contained its own small island, Vulcan Point.
  | Vulcan Point was thought to be one of few third-order islands
  | in the world.
  | 
  | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taal_Lake?wprov=sfti1
 
    | a_cardboard_box wrote:
    | But then the page for the crater lake says it came back after
    | a series of typhoons, but it gives no citation for that
    | claim.
    | 
    | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taal_Volcano_Main_Crater_Lake#.
    | ..
 
      | grumple wrote:
      | You can see the lake for yourself on the latest satellite
      | images on google maps.
 
| mikrl wrote:
| Lake Huron also has the #1 and #2 longest freshwater beaches in
| the world (8.7mi and 7mi) , both fairly close to Manitoulin
| island!
 
  | gmiller123456 wrote:
  | How are "beaches" defined? Because Pictured Rocks National
  | Lakeshore has a "beach" named 12 mile beach. And, having
  | paddled next to it the whole way, it certainly qualifies as a
  | beach in my mind.
 
| michael2l wrote:
| Anybody else suddenly have the urge to play Civilization?
 
| niels_bom wrote:
| Funny to see the website of a previous employer here:
| https://www.mijnlieff.nl (if you do a whois on elbruz.org you can
| check it)
 
| Nevermark wrote:
| Anyone know what the largest moon of a moon of planet would be?
| 
| Around a star around a binary star around a massive star? (Star
| systems can be embedded. We know of double binaries.)
| 
| Seriously, it would be interesting for someone to study how
| deeply nested a system might go, and be plausibly stable, from
| what we know of solar system formation and dynamics.
 
  | freetime2 wrote:
  | > Anyone know what the largest moon of a moon of planet would
  | be?
  | 
  | I had to think about this for a minute. At first thought a moon
  | of a moon didn't seem to be possible as the gravity of the
  | moon's planet would certainly make an orbit around a moon
  | unstable. But apparently if the moon is large enough, and
  | separated enough from its planet, it can in theory have a moon.
  | Saturn's moons Titan and Iapetus, Jupiter's moon Callisto, and
  | Earth's Moon would be capable of hosting submoons. [1]
  | 
  | No submoons have yet been found, though.
  | 
  | [1] https://academic.oup.com/mnrasl/article/483/1/L80/5195537
 
    | twawaaay wrote:
    | > At first thought a moon of a moon didn't seem to be
    | possible as the gravity of the moon's planet would certainly
    | make an orbit around a moon unstable.
    | 
    | No, that's not true. Moons can have moons with stable orbits.
    | Not every moon can, though.
    | 
    | If you think about it, the Moon already orbits Earth which
    | orbits Sun.
    | 
    | Our Moon could have satellites but the issue is that it is
    | lumpy. It is not uniform in density and this causes huge
    | gravitational anomalies which prevent long term stable
    | orbits. If Moon was uniform it could have stable orbits.
 
| SpaceManNabs wrote:
| Reading this made me happy. Thanks to the maker of this content!
| There is something beautiful about the next level just being
| present in your mind.
 
| vrglvrglvrgl wrote:
| [dead]
 
| zelphirkalt wrote:
| So bascially ... fractal island, you are saying?
 
| leipert wrote:
| My geography teacher used to say: "On small islands you won't
| find rivers. There is a mnemotechnic verse to remember that: 'On
| small islands you won't find rivers'"
| 
| Don't know if it is even true. Stuck with me to this day, if I
| ever meet him again, I will ask about whether small islands can
| have lakes or not.
 
  | eesmith wrote:
  | So far the smallest island I've found with something people
  | describe as a "river" is Suduroy, in the Faroe Islands, at
  | 163.7 km2 (63.2 sq mi).
  | 
  | "the great cirques of upland central Suduroy where the hilltops
  | reach an altitude of 574 m, but overlook and to a degree
  | shelter the summer grazings of Hovsdalur (altitude about 200
  | m). The whole is drained by the Hovsa, a salmon and trout
  | river. Freshwater is ample here as everywhere in the Faroe
  | Islands, with rivers, count-less streams and an average annual
  | precipitation of 1334 mm (Sogaard, 1996)." -
  | https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10745-005-474...
  | 
  | It also has a hydropower plant.
  | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botnur_power_plant .
  | 
  | Is Suduroy a "small island"? Perhaps! I found a larger island
  | which Wikipedia describes as small.
  | 
  | "Rinca, also known as Rincah, Rindja, Rintja and Pintja, is a
  | small island near Komodo and Flores island, East Nusa Tenggara,
  | Indonesia, within the West Manggarai Regency", at 198 km2 (76
  | sq mi), says https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rinca .
  | 
  | Anyone know of a smaller island with a river?
 
    | FabHK wrote:
    | Hong Kong Island (with 78 km^2) has Staunton Creek Nullah,
    | which is a nullah, so presumably not a river?
    | 
    | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staunton_Creek_Nullah
 
      | eesmith wrote:
      | Hmm. It appears to be artificial. The Wikipedia entry says
      | "an artificial open channel" and 'Visit To Places Of
      | Historic Interest In The Aberdeen Area Of Hong Kong Island'
      | from 1967 (at
      | https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/23890119.pdf) says:
      | 
      | "It was up this valley that Sir George Staunton, the
      | eminent sinologue and Third Commissioner in the Amherst
      | Embassy to Peking in 1816,strolled from the Aberdeen
      | anchorage the following year to visit the village Yi  in so
      | doing to give his name to Staunton Creek now, 150 years
      | later, being reclaimed from the sea."
      | 
      | I would not call that a river.
      | 
      | On the other hand, while researching the above I found that
      | Lantau Island, Hong Kong at 147.16 km2 (56.82 sq mi) has
      | the Tung Chung River.
      | 
      | Lantau Island - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lantau_Island
      | 
      | Tung Chung River -
      | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tung_Chung_River
      | 
      | That's smaller than Suduroy, and smaller than the "small
      | island" of Rinca, making it seemingly a small island with a
      | river.
 
    | ricardobayes wrote:
    | This is stretching it but this island (Poro Island - 96.6
    | km2) seems to have a "stream" and a waterfall into what looks
    | like a pond. I wouldn't really call it a river by any means
    | though. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poro_Island
 
      | eesmith wrote:
      | I don't find any publications referring to a river on Poro
      | Island, and from your description I agree it's not a river.
      | 
      | Also, if it were then Rarotonga at 67.39 km2 has a
      | waterfall ending up in a pond.
      | https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/photo/wigmores-papua-
      | wate... . Video after a heavy rainfall at
      | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AgM7b8WjCPw .
 
  | theandrewbailey wrote:
  | Not sure why one would need to make a distinction between small
  | islands and not-small islands. Islands can have rivers, e.g.
  | Thames in Britain.
 
  | arketyp wrote:
  | I interpreted the joke being that a mnemotechnic is like a
  | river, poetry flowing, so you won't find one for knowledge that
  | is already concisely formulated, like a small island.
 
    | quickthrower2 wrote:
    | Thats XKCD hover comment level of clever
 
  | yreg wrote:
  | Makes sense, right, as you need to have a sufficient area to
  | capture rainwater. Depends on the interpretation of `small` and
  | `river`.
 
    | quickthrower2 wrote:
    | An island is defined as small if it is strictly smaller than
    | the smallest island with rivers.
 
    | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
    | > Depends on the interpretation of `small` and `river`.
    | 
    | I think it's the other way around. If there are rivers, it's
    | not a small island.
 
| metanonsense wrote:
| This reminds me of a fun computer science class back in
| university called "Programming Challenges", which followed the
| Springer book of the same name. Over two or three weeks, we had
| to solve one problem every day. That was really fun! Edit: Forgot
| to mention that the recursive "lake on an island in a lake ..."
| problem was one of the excercises.
 
  | marktani wrote:
  | haha it was funny to read your comment. I was wondering where
  | the connection was! Thanks for the edit
 
| sdf4j wrote:
| I wonder what GPT-4 replies to that prompt
 
  | 4ggr0 wrote:
  | "The largest island in a lake on an island in a lake on an
  | island is Vulcan Point. It is a small rocky island located
  | within Main Crater Lake, which is on Volcano Island. Volcano
  | Island is situated within Lake Taal, which is on the island of
  | Luzon in the Philippines. Although Vulcan Point is not very
  | large, it holds the distinction of being part of this unique
  | geographical formation."
  | 
  | The title it automatically set for the chat is "Islandception:
  | Vulcan Point"
  | 
  | EDIT: GPT 3.5
  | 
  | "The largest island in a lake on an island in a lake on an
  | island is known as a recursive or nested island. There are a
  | few examples of such islands in the world, but the most famous
  | one is located in Canada.
  | 
  | The island is called Victoria Island and it is located in the
  | Nunavut territory of Canada. The island itself is the eighth
  | largest island in the world and has an area of 217,291 square
  | miles.
  | 
  | On Victoria Island, there is a lake called Island Lake, which
  | is approximately 10 miles long and 4 miles wide. Within Island
  | Lake, there is another island known as Mystery Island. Mystery
  | Island is about 0.6 miles long and 0.3 miles wide.
  | 
  | On Mystery Island, there is a small lake known as "Unnamed
  | Island Lake". This lake contains another island which is
  | unnamed and not well documented, but is believed to be the
  | largest island in a lake on an island in a lake on an island."
 
| [deleted]
 
| seesawtron wrote:
| Wikipedia entry [0] aruges there is only one "Islands in lakes on
| islands in lakes on islands in lakes" in Canada but this article
| points to another one in Philippines.
| 
| [0]
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recursive_islands_and_lakes#Is...
 
  | mkl wrote:
  | The article is out of date since a 2020 volcanic eruption in
  | the Philippines changed things. See eesmith's comment:
  | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35567362
 
| nickdothutton wrote:
| But I did eat breakfast yesterday.
 
| gradstudent wrote:
| [flagged]
 
  | ndr wrote:
  | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island#Differentiation_from_co...
 
  | vanni wrote:
  | https://www.britannica.com/story/is-australia-an-island
 
  | 2muchcoffeeman wrote:
  | That's not and island. That's an island.
 
  | tokai wrote:
  | If that counts Afro-Eurasia is by far the largest island.
 
    | cyborgx7 wrote:
    | Beat me to it.
 
| mercwear wrote:
| Too early in the morning for this brain twister of a post title!
 
| yreg wrote:
| The article would benefit from a uniform style of maps and
| photos. It would be also nice to see the entire outermost island
| on the maps.
 
| EGreg wrote:
| Can't someone go and make more of this manually inside it ... and
| it can be the largest X in Y in X in Y in X hehehe
 
| NeoTar wrote:
| So someone else was listening to the 'No Such Thing as a Fish'
| podcast this morning.
 
| cs702 wrote:
| Cool. Is that as far as it goes? Or can someone identify the
| largest lake on an island in a lake on an island in a lake on an
| island?
 
  | teacpde wrote:
  | This is where ChatGPT makes it easy
  | 
  | > _The largest lake on an island in a lake on an island in a
  | lake on an island is said to be "Lake Matano" located on the
  | island of Sulawesi in Indonesia._
  | 
  | > _Lake Matano is the largest lake in Sulawesi and the ninth
  | deepest lake in the world, with a maximum depth of 590 meters
  | (1,940 feet). The lake is located on the island of Sulawesi,
  | which is itself part of the country of Indonesia. Within the
  | lake, there is an island called "Pulo Mahamba" which has a lake
  | within it called "Lake Towuti". And within Lake Towuti, there
  | is another island called "Una Una" which has a crater lake
  | within it. This crater lake is considered to be the largest
  | lake on an island in a lake on an island in a lake on an
  | island._
  | 
  | Also tried the largest island in a lake on an island in a lake
  | on an island in a lake on an island?
  | 
  | > _The largest island in a lake on an island in a lake on an
  | island in a lake on an island is not officially documented, and
  | it is unclear if such an island actually exists._
  | 
  | > _The concept of nested lakes and islands can create a
  | potentially endless chain, but eventually, the size and
  | feasibility of such geographic features become implausible. As
  | such, it is not practical to identify the largest island in a
  | lake on an island in a lake on an island in a lake on an
  | island, as it may not exist._
  | 
  | > _However, the previously mentioned example of Lake Matano in
  | Sulawesi, Indonesia, is an actual location that fits the
  | criteria of nested lakes and islands. Within the lake, there is
  | an island called "Pulo Mahamba" which has a lake within it
  | called "Lake Towuti". And within Lake Towuti, there is another
  | island called "Una Una" which has a crater lake within it, but
  | there is no known island within that lake._
 
    | ZainRiz wrote:
    | > but there is no known island within that lake.
    | 
    | brb, I'm gonna go toss a big rock
 
    | cs702 wrote:
    | Easy indeed... but is it accurate?
    | 
    | Are you sure the AI model isn't, you know, _making stuff up_?
    | 
    | (I can't find Pulo Mahamba island in Lake Matano on any map.)
 
  | Aperocky wrote:
  | That's going to be some fountain with that layout.
  | 
  | Or a weird pool in a resort somewhere, can't be that hard to
  | make.
 
    | cs702 wrote:
    | Pool-sized, for sure, but I think we're considering only
    | nature-made lakes, no?
    | 
    | Maybe this is as far as it goes.
 
| eimrine wrote:
| The last photo is beautiful, three layers of land and two layers
| of water is clearly visible.
 
| LegitShady wrote:
| I remember learning about crater lake waaaay back in university
| geology, because the way the prof started talking about it was
| always absurd.
| 
| "Crater Lake is not actually a crater, its a caldera. A caldera
| is a special type of crater..."
| 
| "So you're saying its a crater."
| 
| "It's a caldera."
| 
| "...which is a type of crater."
| 
| "Yes but on a test you have to pick caldera from the options."
 
| voytec wrote:
| Site's hugged to death.
| 
| https://web.archive.org/web/20230414083903/https://www.elbru...
 
| rbrown wrote:
| My brain hurts
 
| ryukoposting wrote:
| Having fun imagining how someone would go about researching this.
| Make a Wikipedia crawler that looks for lists of lakes on each
| island. For each lake, read its wikipedia article to find each
| island. Repeat.
 
| Trufa wrote:
| Someone from Sweden please help me, there I learned that you can
| say something like
| 
| "O in a" which means island on a river. (Im sure im butchering
| it, but I'm not to far away)
| 
| Maybe you can make this look insane :)
 
  | state_less wrote:
  | I grew up on one of those islands on a river. The flow of the
  | river passing like a stream of time.
 
  | kzrdude wrote:
  | The sentence:
  | 
  | > I aa a e o, a i oa a e a
  | 
  | mentioned in the other comment is understandable to a swedish
  | speaker, but it's written half-phonetically. The words i, a,
  | and o are properly spelled, however.
 
  | valvar wrote:
  | That is indeed true!
  | 
  | The most famous example can be found at the bottom of this
  | page: https://www.alphadictionary.com/fun/tongue-
  | twisters/swedish_...
  | 
  | a: stream
  | 
  | o: island
  | 
  | i: in
  | 
  | a: not correct, but used to represent dialectical pronunciation
  | of "ar", i.e. "is"
 
    | korla wrote:
    | Further: e: dialectal version of "det", i.e. "it" oa, aa:
    | adding an a on the end of a noun is a dialectal way of
    | expressing "the 'o'" and "the 'a'", respectively.
 
      | kzrdude wrote:
      | Wouldn't "e" just be a contraction of "en" in this
      | sentence? Is it "det" in the dialect?
 
| keeganjw wrote:
| If the site isn't working for you, try this:
| 
| https://archive.ph/gDsQA
 
| AlbertCory wrote:
| This reminds me of something I did once here:
| 
| What country has the highest lowest place?
| 
| ChatGPT does know the answer to this, which you probably don't
| unless you've seen this question before.
 
  | darknavi wrote:
  | I'd think somewhere like Nepal that is up in the mountains.
 
    | yamtaddle wrote:
    | Well it's gotta be landlocked, and it'll probably be small.
    | 
    | Wikipedia reveals that it's... Lesotho. Sure enough,
    | landlocked and small. I'd never have guessed it, because I
    | didn't realize that part of South Africa was a big
    | mountainous plateau.
    | 
    | Nepal evidently has some _quite_ low points, as it 's nowhere
    | near the top of the list. Bottoms out at 59m/194ft.
    | 
    | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_elevation_extremes_by_.
    | ..
    | 
    | Sort by minimum elevation, descending. The "Lesotho" page
    | confirms its #1 status for highest-lowest-point. It wins by a
    | _large_ margin.
 
    | AlbertCory wrote:
    | So you would think.
 
| aardvark179 wrote:
| I miss my GIS days and getting topology bugs from the national
| land survey of Finland.
 
| Forbo wrote:
| I'm getting to taken to https://www.elbruz.org/blank.html when
| trying to visit the link, anyone else? I thought it just didn't
| like me using a VPN at first, but it does it even without that.
| Might have gotten the hug of death.
 
  | croisillon wrote:
  | nope, got https://www.elbruz.org/empty.html instead
 
    | Forbo wrote:
    | Now I'm getting that, too. The fact it changed is even
    | weirder.
 
  | ollemasle wrote:
  | Here is an archived version of this page:
  | 
  | https://web.archive.org/web/20230414083903/https://www.elbru...
 
| [deleted]
 
| ljf wrote:
| Similar HN posts from the past:
| 
| 2015 https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=9104777
| 
| 2014 https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=7902628
| 
| 2011 https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=2317624
 
  | dang wrote:
  | Thanks! Macroexpanded:
  | 
  |  _Recursive Islands and Lakes_ -
  | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30263137 - Feb 2022 (1
  | comment)
  | 
  |  _Recursive Islands and Lakes_ -
  | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=23504158 - June 2020 (2
  | comments)
  | 
  |  _An Island on a Lake on an Island on a Lake on an Island_ -
  | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=9104777 - Feb 2015 (2
  | comments)
  | 
  |  _An Island within a Lake on an Island within a Lake on an
  | Island (2011)_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=7902628 -
  | June 2014 (8 comments)
  | 
  |  _Largest island in a lake on an island in a lake on an island_
  | - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=6154898 - Aug 2013 (5
  | comments)
  | 
  |  _Two islands in a lake on an island in a lake_ -
  | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=2317624 - March 2011 (1
  | comment)
  | 
  |  _Islands in lakes in islands in lakes ..._ -
  | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=1580779 - Aug 2010 (56
  | comments)
 
  | igyigyigy wrote:
  | This was a recurring set of posts back when Digg was popular
  | too
 
    | ljf wrote:
    | Yeah, I actually thought it had been posted more recently (in
    | the last 5 years) with a bigger discussion thread, but I
    | couldn't find it. Interesting regardless!
 
| menssen wrote:
| I thought this was going to be about "Moose Boulder," whose
| existence was (rather unconvincingly, I think) "disproven" a
| couple years ago, and which begs the interesting question about
| how we define "Largest Lake."
| 
| https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/moose-boulder-debunked
 
  | alhirzel wrote:
  | I thought the same; the alleged Moose Boulder is in my general
  | back yard area and I've thought about doing some "citizen
  | science" on my next trip to Isle Royale.
 
| kimburgess wrote:
| You can go another layer deep too:
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recursive_islands_and_lakes#Is....
| 
| It's lake islands all the way down...
 
  | [deleted]
 
  | javajosh wrote:
  | ...and all the way up, if you consider Earth as an island in
  | the lake of the solar system, which is of course an island in
  | the galaxy, which is an island in the local group, etc.
 
| silverfrost wrote:
| returns an empty page for me
 
  | hardlianotion wrote:
  | Looks like the owner was frightened away
 
___________________________________________________________________
(page generated 2023-04-14 23:00 UTC)