[HN Gopher] Google and Mozilla are working on iOS browsers that ...
___________________________________________________________________
 
Google and Mozilla are working on iOS browsers that aren't based on
WebKit
 
Author : Liriel
Score  : 29 points
Date   : 2023-02-07 10:00 UTC (12 hours ago)
 
web link (www.theregister.com)
w3m dump (www.theregister.com)
 
| JohnDeHope wrote:
| Technical question: What would a third party browser rendering
| engine allow, that using the safari renderer doesn't? I figure if
| you make a browser by just wrapping the safari renderer then you
| can make it do whatever you want it to. Why does the renderer
| make such that big of a difference?
 
  | kevingadd wrote:
  | Actual extensions (like ublock!), bleeding edge/experimental
  | web features like new webassembly or web APIs (firefox and
  | chrome usually implement these before Safari does), stuff Apple
  | has decided to sabotage because it threatens the app store
  | (like fullscreen).
 
    | scarface74 wrote:
    | Safari has supported "actual extensions" for two yeass.
 
      | jwitthuhn wrote:
      | Yes but their API is very limited and by design doesn't
      | allow a good ad blocker like ublock to be built.
 
        | scarface74 wrote:
        | The actual "extension" framework does. It's used by
        | 1Blocker. Not just the "we send you a JSON set of rules".
        | 
        | But on the other hand, if you care about your privacy,
        | why would you trust a third party to intercept all of
        | your web traffic?
 
        | commoner wrote:
        | > But on the other hand, if you care about your privacy,
        | why would you trust a third party to intercept all of
        | your web traffic?
        | 
        | uBlock Origin is free and open source, and its code is
        | thoroughly reviewed by many contributors every release. I
        | trust uBlock Origin over a filtering mechanism built into
        | a closed source browser such as Safari.
 
        | scarface74 wrote:
        | WebKit is also open source and you can see exactly how it
        | works.
        | 
        | But did you personally download the open source version
        | review the code and install it?
 
        | [deleted]
 
    | dmitriid wrote:
    | > web APIs (firefox and chrome usually implement these before
    | Safari does)
    | 
    | What you meant to say: Chrome implements its own non-
    | standards against strenuous objections if both Firefox and
    | Safari.
 
      | kevingadd wrote:
      | I said what I meant to say, I've literally drafted web
      | standards before and Safari is often the last to implement
      | them. I'm not talking about WebUSB or WebGoogleAnalytics or
      | whatever
 
        | robertoandred wrote:
        | So what are you talking about? Sticky? Has? Subgrid?
 
  | creatonez wrote:
  | Firefox addons on iOS, ported directly from the desktop
  | versions with no modifications, will be possible. Gecko has a
  | lot of under-the-hood knobs and dials that simply don't exist
  | in Webkit, but are needed by the addon ecosystem.
 
    | gnicholas wrote:
    | That would be great! Is it currently available on FF for
    | Android?
 
      | Mogzol wrote:
      | Yes, you can run standard desktop Firefox extensions on FF
      | for Android. There was a whitelist of extensions Mozilla
      | allowed you to install though, I'm not sure if that still
      | exists on the most recent versions.
 
  | rektide wrote:
  | Your scope is way way off.
  | 
  | It's far from just the render engine that's being constrained.
  | The whole virtual machine is restricted. The DOM, the js
  | engine, the wasm engine, anything at all running or touching
  | web code is locked the heck down.
  | 
  | There's a couple places browsers can add or supplant web
  | platform features, but it largely prevents browsers from doing
  | much at all to add to the web platform in any way.
  | 
  | In the rendering case, there's always work on css features &
  | especially tuning that the browsers are up to. Just being
  | faster, lighter weight, having more or better tuning is a great
  | capability, a place where more than one small in-group should
  | be able to experiment & improve & explore.
 
| shmerl wrote:
| Good. But Apple shouldn't get away with just allowing it. They
| should pay for violating competition law for years. Otherwise
| this law is a joke.
 
| fabrice_d wrote:
| Here's a video of the GeckoKit demo:
| https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VE-4b082Upw
 
| chadlavi wrote:
| oh good I can't wait to have to support more mobile browsers,
| great
 
| WirelessGigabit wrote:
| Safari, especially on iOS is the new IE.
| 
| What I really like to see next to this is the requirement that
| when I tap a link in an app that it opens in the default browser.
| 
| Too many apps, such as Reddit open with the WebView of Safari,
| which sucks. I'm not signed in there, it doesn't add to my
| history, and most importantly, they get to inject a whole bunch
| of tracks that I don't want. See [0].
| 
| [0] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32514793
 
  | tristan957 wrote:
  | Doesn't Android open the Chrome web view too? On F-Droid I
  | think you can get a Bromite web view, but I'm not sure how
  | these web views work, and if I can get a Firefox one.
 
    | Kwpolska wrote:
    | When you open a link in an app, you're often directed to a
    | Custom Tab (you can recognise them by the menu in the upper
    | right corner being the browser's). Those are handled by your
    | default browser. I'm using Firefox Focus in that capacity and
    | it works great.
 
| NotYourLawyer wrote:
| Would love to have real Firefox on iPhone. I hope Chrome gets
| banned from the App Store though.
 
  | vhanda wrote:
  | Could you please elaborate why you hope 'Chrome gets banned'?
  | 
  | I understand not being fond of the its ubiquity, especially
  | with many Websites now requiring Chrome. And Google is
  | _allegedly_ abusing their dominant position. But banning it?
  | Why?
 
    | NotYourLawyer wrote:
    | Browser monoculture = shitty internet future.
 
      | lxgr wrote:
      | And the solution to that is (almost certainly illegal,
      | under the new regulations) market manipulation by a direct
      | competitor?
 
        | NotYourLawyer wrote:
        | Hey I'm just dreaming here, not like offering legal
        | advice.
 
      | kelnos wrote:
      | So the solution to a browser monoculture is to... approve
      | fewer browsers? Seems backwards to me.
 
        | NotYourLawyer wrote:
        | Yes, that's right. Not fewer at random though.
 
| amelius wrote:
| > Apple could still conceivably impose limitations on the way
| these browsers work
| 
| God damnit it's my device.
 
  | vehemenz wrote:
  | But it's not your decision to buy an Android phone?
 
    | kevingadd wrote:
    | A significant % of people who buy iPhones are not able to
    | make a truly informed decision about this at the time. They
    | find out way later what the actual consequences of apple or
    | google's walled gardens are, and can only escape the garden
    | if they have an android phone with an unlocked bootloader
    | 
    | It's not cheap to swap ecosystems
 
      | tehwebguy wrote:
      | > A significant % of people who buy iPhones are not able to
      | make a truly informed decision about this at the time
      | 
      | I mean the devices change year to year but are people
      | seriously finding themselves surprised by what iPhone can
      | do but Android can't or vice versa?
      | 
      | If we were talking about a college tuition loan or a
      | mortgage then yeah I'd say `not able to make a truly
      | informed decision about this at the time` but this is like
      | the lowest stakes decision possible no?
      | 
      | > It's not cheap to swap ecosystems
      | 
      | Is that true? Seems like there is always a nearly free
      | phone deal out there and your network will probably migrate
      | everything for you anyway.
 
        | pessimizer wrote:
        | > If we were talking about a college tuition loan or a
        | mortgage
        | 
        | Why are you giving examples where all of the terms are
        | explained completely, up front, by law?
 
        | kevingadd wrote:
        | Walled garden policies make full migration not possible,
        | at least for free. Things like your music library,
        | ebooks, in-app currency, etc are often not allowed to
        | move.
        | 
        | If I were to move to iPhone now, I'd have to spend at
        | least a hundred bucks finding and buying alternative
        | apps.
 
        | saurik wrote:
        | FWIW, in my case, I would also lose access to all of the
        | books, music, movies, and--very notably--apps that I have
        | purchased over the years.
 
      | scarface74 wrote:
      | Where is this narrative coming from? Only about 20% of App
      | Store revenue coming from non game in app consumables (came
      | out in the Epic Trial) and the other big money makers are
      | from services like Netflix and Spotify where you can easily
      | use your app cross platform. Even Apple Music is available
      | for Android.
      | 
      | Most users aren't complaining about any "walled garden"
 
    | kelnos wrote:
    | Buying an Android phone certainly allows you to run other
    | browsers that use their own rendering engines, but Android is
    | hardly open; you are still restricted in many ways from doing
    | what you might want to do, with little recourse. Installing a
    | third-party OS image is possible, but then removes your
    | access from some things that you might still like (any app
    | that requires SafetyNet to pass, for example).
    | 
    | The bottom line is that there is no open phone platform out
    | there that even remotely provides feature parity with Android
    | or iOS. Anything you do is going to be a trade off, and for
    | some people, there is no way to satisfy 100% of their needs
    | and wants. That doesn't mean we aren't allowed to complain
    | about the bits that can't be satisfied.
 
    | detaro wrote:
    | And if they'd bought one, and were unhappy about some aspect
    | of that, you'd be here and write " _But it 's not your
    | decision to buy an iPhone?_". We don't live in a world were
    | you can get your perfect choice with no compromises, and
    | having made a compromise does not imply that you can't
    | criticize decisions made by the system you choose.
 
  | irrational wrote:
  | You could have chosen any device. This is just the consequence
  | of choosing the wrong device (for you).
 
    | amelius wrote:
    | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ergo_decedo
 
    | detaro wrote:
    | And you have no way of knowing if a "non-wrong" device exists
    | for their criteria among the "any device" they could have
    | choosen from.
 
      | irrational wrote:
      | It is simple, choose an Android device. There are many
      | premium android devices.
      | 
      | If you don't know by now that on iOS devices all the
      | browsers are running the same engine under the hood,
      | especially on a tech site like HN, then there isn't much
      | hope for you.
 
        | kelnos wrote:
        | I'm a reasonably-satisfied Android user, but Android is
        | nearly as locked down as iOS. Sure, I can (and do) run
        | "real" Firefox on my Pixel, and can (and do) side-load
        | apps, but there are quite a few things I can't do.
        | 
        | For example, my Pixel 4 just fell out of Google's 3-year
        | support period, so I no longer get security updates. I
        | would be completely happy to run LineageOS or some other
        | alternative that would extend the life of the phone with
        | regular updates, but I can't if I still want to be able
        | to use Google Pay and other apps that require the phone
        | to pass SafetyNet. Those sorts of apps are a part of my
        | day-to-day, so being unable to use them would be a
        | showstopper. (I've read various things about tricking
        | apps into believing the phone passes SafetyNet, but none
        | of the methods seem particularly reliable, and for every
        | user who says it works, there's another person who
        | couldn't get it to work.)
        | 
        | So sure, it is technically possible for me to treat the
        | phone as "open" and run whatever OS image on it I want,
        | but then I become restricted in other ways as to what I
        | can do on it. Maybe you don't care about being able to
        | pay for things using your phone (etc.); that's fine. But
        | I do, and I consider it a critical feature these days.
 
    | lxgr wrote:
    | Given that there isn't an individual vote on each property of
    | a device/ecosystem, iOS is probably the least evil rather
    | than a completely optimal choice for many (if not most!)
    | users.
    | 
    | Just imagine that type of reasoning applied to other parts of
    | life, like politics, work, interpersonal relationships...
    | "Love it, change it, or leave it" has three components, not
    | two.
 
    | saurik wrote:
    | People in this situation could also have chosen to not buy a
    | cell phone in the first place, eschewing that benefit for
    | using landlines or cordless phones; and yet, I don't think we
    | would consider that a reasonable limitation, right?
    | 
    | Clearly, then, there is some line that we must draw where
    | people are buying something they think they want and yet
    | should still get to have full access to, and I don't see why
    | it would correlate with Apple vs. Google.
    | 
    | In my case, I barely wanted a phone: I want a good camera
    | attached to a good touch screen; I have requirements past
    | that largely dictated by size, weight, and durability. That's
    | the device I am looking for.
    | 
    | The devices which satisfy my needs are mostly from Apple or
    | Samsung, both of whom lock down their devices. (Can I install
    | an alternative browser on a Samsung Android device? Sure. But
    | is it my device? No. No it is not and it has never been, by
    | far. Samsung is only ever so slightly better than Apple with
    | respect to that shit.)
    | 
    | The reality is: every device should be open. It shouldn't be
    | some trade-off in the space where you don't get to have a
    | device with any of the other key properties you want just
    | because it is _always_ a better business model to build a
    | walled garden and then shill your services, charge a usage
    | tax, or run advertisements.
    | 
    | That said, in a world where it _is_ allowed to build closed
    | devices, and it _is_ some random set of tradeoffs that we all
    | have to tolerate, we have to get to complain about it,
    | because then it is just yet another property of the device,
    | and we get to complain about all of the shitty decisions we
    | had to put up with, whether that 's the pricing, the
    | functionality, the quality, the experience, the "tactile
    | feel"... or whether it is open or not.
    | 
    | So like, I don't really see the framework in which this one
    | axis is something where people don't get to complain because
    | "they should have gotten some other random shitty device that
    | isn't at all what you wanted but was open"... this seems to
    | just be some broken narrative--mostly pitched by people who
    | clearly aren't also tracking the anti-trust work against
    | Google and haven't been a part of the fight to jailbreak all
    | of the random locked down Android devices--pitched by people
    | who seem to just like locked down stuff and Apple's
    | puritanical control over morality :(.
 
  | unethical_ban wrote:
  | Where in your mind does an OS cease its responsibility to
  | maintain device security and performance standards?
 
| goodSteveramos wrote:
| Why doesnt mozilla work on a privacy protecting replacement for
| third party cookies? Because they are funded by google.
 
  | LarryMullins wrote:
  | They did. _about:config - > privacy.thirdparty.isolate = true_
 
    | throwawayapples wrote:
    | at least they made that really easy to find and do.
 
      | LarryMullins wrote:
      | Follow the money.
 
      | dralley wrote:
      | It breaks things because a lot of websites expect it to
      | work. If websites stop working then Mozilla will lose
      | marketshare even faster. Still, it's not that difficult for
      | people who know what they're doing to find.
 
    | kelnos wrote:
    | I see a _privacy.firstparty.isolate_ , but no _thirdparty_
    | variant. Was that just an error on your part, or is it a pref
    | that needs to be manually created, even?
 
      | LarryMullins wrote:
      | > _Was that just an error on your part_
      | 
      | Yes, sorry about that. It's _privacy.firstparty.isolate_
 
  | jeroenhd wrote:
  | Because Firefox has a tiny user base and nobody is going to
  | follow their standards as long as other browsers do enable
  | third party cookies. Also, there are alternatives to third
  | party cookies for most use cases, they're just more difficult
  | to implement.
  | 
  | Neither Google, nor Microsoft, nor Apple seem to care much
  | about re-engineering third party cookies. Until that changes,
  | any attempts from Mozilla to change the standards is a waste of
  | time and effort, really.
 
    | dmitriid wrote:
    | Apple and Mozilla did a lot to restrict the scope of third-
    | party cookies: isolation, partitioning etc.
    | 
    | It's hard to change them without breaking most of the web.
 
    | baq wrote:
    | 1% of a billion is 10 million.
 
  | kevingadd wrote:
  | What makes you think we need a replacement for third party
  | cookies when we can just disable them?
 
    | orangecat wrote:
    | Yeah, I've never understood this. Disabling third party
    | cookies is the first thing I do with any new browser (uBlock
    | Origin is second). It takes 30 seconds and very rarely causes
    | problems.
 
  | yorwba wrote:
  | You might be interested in learning about state partitioning:
  | https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Privacy/State_P...
 
  | [deleted]
 
| aidenn0 wrote:
| It seems that the way iOS implements W^X protection would prevent
| a performant JS JIT from being created. It will be interesting to
| see if/how this is worked around.
 
| nashashmi wrote:
| An anti antitrust move?
 
| fabrice_d wrote:
| Here's a demo of the Gecko port from some years ago:
| https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VE-4b082Upw
| 
| Most of the code needed is still in Gecko's repo at
| https://searchfox.org/mozilla-central/source/widget/uikit but
| probably doesn't build anymore. Would not be surprising if
| someone had an up to date branch in a private tree somewhere
| though...
 
| LarryMullins wrote:
| I look forward to seeing if any of the dire predictions from
| Apple fanboys who once vehemently opposed this sort of thing will
| come true. Will confused proverbial grandmothers get tricked into
| using firefox and then pwned by scammers? Will everybody abandon
| Safari and give Google a total browser monopoly?
| 
| Guess we'll find out!
 
  | crazygringo wrote:
  | That is a total strawman, and please don't use the perjorative
  | term "fanboys".
  | 
  | Not many Apple fans have ever defended Apple's exclusivity on
  | the browser engine. It's long been an annoyance, honestly.
  | 
  | But it also has never had anything to do with scamming
  | grandmothers. That's always been an argument for not allowing
  | arbitrary untrusted app downloads and/or 3rd party app stores.
  | Nothing to do with browser engines, where Apple's (weak)
  | argument has always been about the risk of unknown browser
  | vulnerabilities allowing malicious code to escape the app
  | sandbox.
  | 
  | And if iOS browser share winds up mirroring macOS browser
  | share, then it'll go to about 2/3 Chrome.
 
  | snailmailman wrote:
  | My "confused proverbial grandmother" has already been tricked
  | away from using safari. She does all of her web browsing
  | through the Google app.
  | 
  | Not the Google Chrome app. The Google app. :facepalm:
  | 
  | I've tried to explain why this isn't necessary but as far as
  | she knows, google is the internet. And I cannot say anything to
  | convince her otherwise. After all, every search in safari will
  | re-advertise to her "hey you should be doing this in the google
  | app" and she will click the button without even thinking.
 
    | echelon wrote:
    | I'd like to take a moment to appreciate how we're afraid of
    | which search interface Grandma uses.
    | 
    | A hundred years ago, we'd be worried about getting knifed by
    | strangers, bear maulings, starving to death, being homeless,
    | eating food laced with botulism and lead, influenza,
    | tuberculosis, diphtheria ...
    | 
    | Things are pretty good.
 
      | ultrarunner wrote:
      | To be fair, I think the origin of the worry may be that the
      | elderly and less technically inclined are prone to being
      | taken advantage of (rightly or wrongly). You're very
      | correct that things are better than ever, as it were, but
      | vulnerability seems to have endured in some ways.
 
    | gnicholas wrote:
    | Just like mine, who also accesses her photos by unlocking her
    | phone, going to the camera app, and then to her photo roll.
    | She never goes to the Photos app directly.
 
    | twobitshifter wrote:
    | My wife seems to only use the Google app as well. The G app
    | has a confusing multiple back button design. The normal
    | safari back button takes you back to Google homepage and the
    | other back button iPad the bottom in your history. Whenever
    | she shows me something in the Google App I always pick the
    | wrong one.
 
  | vehemenz wrote:
  | I don't make the connection between "Apple fanboys" and
  | preventing a Chrome monopoly. Surely one's opposition to a
  | monopoly is independent of one's choice of operating system.
  | 
  | But yes, most likely this will result in a Chrome monopoly.
 
    | The_Colonel wrote:
    | It's just a strange notion that we will fight google monopoly
    | by _forcing_ people to use Safari.
 
      | vehemenz wrote:
      | It would be strange to force Apple to allow its competitors
      | to establish footholds on their own platform, against their
      | will, only for a Chrome monopoly to emerge months later. A
      | web monoculture will be harder to undo than enacting
      | smarter antitrust legislation.
 
      | [deleted]
 
  | mrtksn wrote:
  | > Will everybody abandon Safari and give Google a total browser
  | monopoly
  | 
  | This one is scary. People who don't know history like to think
  | that IE was a backward browser and MS forced it upon people but
  | what actually happened is that IE was very innovative until
  | Microsoft diverged from the standards and lock people into it.
  | When the ecosystem(websites) integrates enough that your
  | platform(the browser) is the only way to run all that(through
  | Google services for Chrome?), they stop innovating and start
  | monetising.
  | 
  | "Works with Chrome" is the new IE, not Safari.
 
    | nicoburns wrote:
    | The difference being that Chrome is open source (ok fine,
    | Chrome is closed source but the important parts like the
    | rendering engine are open source as Chromium). So they can't
    | lock anyone into anything. If they try that they'll just get
    | forked. Indeed we _already_ have Edge as a well-maintained
    | fork.
    | 
    | Which isn't to say that Safari and especially Firefox aren't
    | important drivers of competition. But the situation is
    | nothing like the situation with IE.
 
      | ssss11 wrote:
      | There is lock in it's just more subtle than the IE
      | situation. Have you seen the chromium codebase?
      | 
      | It may be open source but no individuals or small teams
      | would be able to manage a competing product, you'd need
      | huge investment to compete. There's a barrier to entry all
      | the same.
      | 
      | Plus keeping up with the constant updates while trying to
      | build a competitor...
 
        | shkkmo wrote:
        | This point doesn't make any sense.
        | 
        | The standards and functionality that are required in a
        | modern browser are already far beyond what "an individual
        | or small team" could build from scratch.
        | 
        | The existence of Chromium absolutely makes it much, much
        | more feasible to launch a Chrome competitor than if
        | Chrome was entirely closed source.
 
        | kitsunesoba wrote:
        | Anything forked from Chromium can't be significantly
        | different from Chromium, because any change of that
        | nature increases divergence from Chromium and makes it
        | more difficult to keep pace with the firehose of changes
        | being pumped out daily by Google's massive Chrome/Blink
        | team. It means that forks can never be anything but
        | mostly-cosmetic reskins unless the party forking sinks
        | resources equally large as Google's into the fork, which
        | gives Google power to shape the web as they please
        | unopposed.
 
        | cassianoleal wrote:
        | > unless the party forking sinks resources equally large
        | as Google's into the fork, which gives Google power to
        | shape the web as they please unopposed.
        | 
        | I imagine even this already very unlikely outcome would
        | also depend on said fork having a big slice of market
        | share before they even try to drift away from Chromium,
        | otherwise it won't have any effect and will likely die
        | exactly because of said differences.
 
        | kitsunesoba wrote:
        | That's true. No matter the situation, the fact that
        | Chromium/Blink is open source changes little due to the
        | sheer amount of power Google wields.
 
        | esperent wrote:
        | Right, but it doesn't need Google or Microsoft scale to
        | compete.
        | 
        | Firefox is a clear example that a smaller organization
        | can manage the complexity of a modern browser.
        | 
        | There's plenty of other examples too - like linux - which
        | show hugely complex open source projects are possible.
 
        | kitsunesoba wrote:
        | Firefox is great, but it's barely hanging on at ~4%
        | marketshare. That might skewed by Firefox users having
        | tracking mitigations set up, but the result is the same
        | regardless: devs and the suits above them calling the
        | shots will see the tiny usership and ask why they're
        | spending _anything_ on supporting it. It's barely
        | competing at all.
 
        | taftster wrote:
        | Yes, but in the case of both Mozilla and Linux, they had
        | a huge running start and have developed their moats (for
        | what they are) over a long period of time.
        | 
        | A new organization coming in fresh and thinking, "hey I
        | know what, let's fork Chromium", does not seem like a
        | very long lived effort. I also don't see any new
        | operating systems coming out from an unknown team anytime
        | soon.
        | 
        | The open source projects you use as examples are
        | entrenched, and it's going to take a major shakeup and/or
        | cracks in the large organizations for something new in
        | the browser or operating system space to emerge.
 
      | sbuk wrote:
      | Chrome uses the blink engine, which is a fork of Webkit,
      | which is open source.
 
        | kimixa wrote:
        | Which in turn was a fork of khtml
 
        | babypuncher wrote:
        | I always knew Konquerer would eventually take over the
        | browser market.
 
        | sbuk wrote:
        | I don't see what relevance this has to the discussion.
 
        | dcow wrote:
        | You don't see how adding another parent node to browser
        | engine code lineage is relevant in a subthread about
        | browser engine code lineage?
 
        | sbuk wrote:
        | I'm the OP. I'm questioning the relevance, which is in
        | response to the assertion that _" The difference being
        | that Chrome is open source (ok fine, Chrome is closed
        | source but the important parts like the rendering engine
        | are open source as Chromium)"_. _My_ aim is to point out
        | that WebKit is also open source, and that the engine
        | being touted by the GP is actually a fork of Webkit. Its
        | provenance in this case irrelevant.
 
        | kimixa wrote:
        | Just pointing out there's a whole family of HTML engines,
        | and Webkit wasn't the origin. It's also likely that it's
        | the reason why Webkit is GPL, and we're able to have this
        | discussion.
        | 
        | In my experience, Apple haven't exactly been very open-
        | source friendly - I know working with them there's a
        | rejection of any GPL dependencies, even if well separated
        | and unmodified, or even just tools used in the build
        | process if they're GPL3+.
        | 
        | I don't doubt if Apple developed a html engine from
        | scratch it would use a different license, and the entire
        | landscape of browsers would look very different today.
 
        | MayeulC wrote:
        | About as relevant as the parent... Not very relevant, but
        | since the parent gives a short overview of browser engine
        | history, we might as well point out that it started with
        | the then-excellent khtml from the KDE project, that
        | powers konqueror. That's little known, and a very
        | interesting history tidbit.
 
        | kajecounterhack wrote:
        | Up until forking, Google was the largest contributor to
        | Webkit. Google made Blink open source as well.
 
        | scarface74 wrote:
        | WebKit is just as open source as Blink.
 
        | [deleted]
 
      | WorldMaker wrote:
      | Have you ever seen a serious "fork war"? Open Source may be
      | possible to fork, but that isn't a guarantee that
      | everything will be hunky dory after a hard fork. The drama
      | and chaos of "we need a trustworthy fork" after a bad actor
      | does something unsociable can be awful (especially if that
      | bad actor remains in play). Security/safety/IP audits of
      | past code pre-fork after a major fork has become necessary
      | isn't free or cheap and takes resources. Drama can draw
      | weird boundaries between project attempts and create a lot
      | of internecine fighting among the "survivors" of the
      | "upstream crash". There's so much sociopolitics that may be
      | involved. Open source projects still involve a lot of
      | people, at the end of the day, not just code. Open source
      | applications _have_ died in a fork war.
      | 
      | The situation is different from IE, but there's still a lot
      | of similarities and open source isn't necessarily the balm
      | it appears to be. They code may still "be there", but code
      | still needs people to believe in it/trust it/work on it.
 
      | cptskippy wrote:
      | > But the situation is nothing like the situation with IE.
      | 
      | Google isn't trying to kill the web and grow desktop App
      | development, so yes it's different. And also people weren't
      | complaining about Internet Explorer while it was innovative
      | and competing against Netscape Navigator with annual
      | releases. It was after 5 years of stagnation, not
      | supporting new W3C standards, and unfixed bugs.
      | 
      | Google learned from Microsoft's mistakes. They participated
      | in standards, they update often, and resolve bugs quickly.
      | Everything Microsoft didn't do.
      | 
      | They also implement new features outside of standards but
      | just as temporary experiments mind you. If developers
      | happen to adopt them and implement them on their sites,
      | well Google's hands are tied and y'all might as well make
      | them standards (e.g. SPDY, QUIC).
      | 
      | Or, because the control the standards process they can
      | propose a change to a private list, push it to WHATWG and
      | get representatives from Apple and Firefox to pull it into
      | the "living" standard without any public discourse or
      | feedback (e.g. removing alert();).
      | 
      | This isn't to say everything they're doing is bad, but that
      | doesn't mean they aren't working in their own self
      | interest.
 
      | mrtksn wrote:
      | Of course they can, it's about the marketshare and not the
      | code. They can make some part of the browser running in
      | their cloud services and no matter how much you look into
      | the Chromium code the websites which support this will run
      | in Chrome only.
      | 
      | Why would websites support this? Well, it can provide good
      | rankings in search or some other goodie like speeding up
      | the loading times through Google CDN or something and works
      | for %90 of the people(because they use Chrome). Once enough
      | websites integrate this, it's over.
 
    | warning26 wrote:
    | Sure, but forcing people to use Safari against their will
    | isn't the right way to approach that problem.
    | 
    | If Google is indeed leveraging their market position in an
    | anticompetitive way to push Chrome, then they should be
    | stopped from doing _that_.
 
      | mrtksn wrote:
      | They surely can get a few billions of a fine in 10 years.
 
    | benced wrote:
    | Allowing a dominant OS to foist a bad browser on all of us is
    | not a good way to prevent a dominant internet search company
    | from potentially foisting a bad browser on all of us.
 
    | dcow wrote:
    | Safari is just as bad about not following standards though. I
    | could sympathize a lot more if your argument was between
    | Firefox and Chrome/Safari. In my mind Chrome/Safari are the
    | hegemony.
 
      | mrtksn wrote:
      | I agree that Safari should do better but Embrace, Extend
      | then Exterminate is a real thing and lacking functions is
      | not the same as having alternative "standards".
      | 
      | "You need to download Chrome" is the scariest thing these
      | days, especially if you see it in Firefox.
 
      | klodolph wrote:
      | I don't know why you think that, it certainly sounds wrong
      | to me. Like, not just wrong in a technical sense, but like,
      | crazy wrong.
      | 
      | Did you live through the IE5 and IE6 days? Does the term
      | "quirks mode" mean anything to you? Do you remember how Mac
      | IE was completely different from Windows IE? Internet
      | Explorer, back in the early 2000s, was a serious support
      | burden for anyone doing web development at the time. Around
      | 2010, Google dropped support for IE6 (in apps like GMail +
      | Youtube) and a ton of other sites followed suit. It made a
      | big splash across all the news sites and all the web
      | developers breathed a sigh of relief, because they could
      | say "we're dropping IE6 support because Google did."
      | 
      | Meanwhile, there was a parallel world of IE-only sites.
      | Some of them were built on future widespread web
      | technologies like DHTML, others were built on stuff like
      | ActiveX. ActiveX ended up in the trash bin (where it
      | belongs) and DHTML became normalized. It was... common, and
      | annoying, to deal with corporate sites that only worked in
      | IE, and then build your own site and fight to get it
      | working in IE. It was not a fun time to be a web developer.
      | 
      | Maybe 6 or 7 years ago, I remember that Safari was missing
      | some of the newer features that Chrome or Firefox had, but
      | when I investigated, it usually turned out that I was using
      | some future/experimental feature in Chrome or Firefox, and
      | it wasn't a problem with the standards-compliance of Safari
      | per se. Or sometimes I was relying on behavior that was not
      | part of the standard at all). Nowadays, my sense is that
      | Chrome tends to have more experimental stuff available and
      | a better set of dev tools, but otherwise, most stuff works
      | in Safari or Firefox with little to no modification.
 
    | bityard wrote:
    | > what actually happened is that IE was very innovative
    | 
    | We remember things very differently, then.
    | 
    | IE was hardly innovative, unless you count things like the
    |  and  tags, and the ActiveX which their
    | blatant attempt to tie the web to Windows.
    | 
    | The other thing IE was known for was missing, incomplete, or
    | out-right broken support for extremely basic HTML, CSS, and
    | Javascript functionality that other browsers had no issues
    | with. Leaving web developers to scatter their code/markup
    | with IE-specific workarounds. Compounding this problem was
    | lack of regular releases and updates. Except for security
    | fixes, Microsoft considered IE to be part of the OS and
    | refused to issue updates for it between OS releases, for the
    | most part, which is why IE stuck around so long.
    | 
    | Nobody _wanted_ IE. It was just there as part of the OS at
    | the same point in history that Internet access became a
    | mainstream thing.
 
      | tempestn wrote:
      | You're just talking about different time periods. IE was
      | innovative back when it supplanted Netscape. Then it
      | stagnated.
 
      | sbuk wrote:
      | You used AJAX-based websites, right? _That_ was first
      | available in IE. Initially, IE unto version 6 was
      | _extremely_ innovative. Then Microsoft won, and they
      | stopped trying.
 
      | mrtksn wrote:
      | No, the innovation was things like XMLHttpRequest which
      | allowed for the early "single pages web apps"
 
        | nicoburns wrote:
        | Yes, and contenteditable which allowed for rich text
        | editing.
 
        | WorldMaker wrote:
        | Also `box-sizing: border-box` was how IE designed CSS box
        | sizing (to be simpler to math for the CSS writer rather
        | than simpler math for the Renderer programmer). The fact
        | that it is now just about "required" boilerplate in most
        | CSS reset/normalization steps to throw in a `* { box-
        | sizing: border-box; }` rule to opt in to "do it the IE
        | way" is a massive, vestigial, lasting testament to IE's
        | innovation in CSS in the early CSS standards.
 
      | nashashmi wrote:
      | They innovated on the side of the user. Not the rendering
      | engine. I loved the IE interface.
      | 
      | But if one window crashed, the whole IE crashed. Then
      | Firefox tabbed browsing took over hungry for system
      | resource. But at least it didn't crash, right?
      | 
      | I remember IE research pane. Innovation in the browser
      | became from a toolbar thing. Remember google toolbar? It
      | was the number one bar in many countries.
      | 
      | But then Firefox extensions took over hungry for system
      | resource, but not like Chrome hungry.
      | 
      | IE had addons. Some of them slowed the browser. And it had
      | plug-ins.
      | 
      | It had everything independent innovation needed to thrive.
      | It just didn't have any vision for the "open web". No one
      | understood what that was then anyways.
      | 
      | And where ie could not innovate on the web, they used
      | active X plug-ins. This was the Microsoft way. You can't
      | blame them for being themselves.
 
        | hutzlibu wrote:
        | Agreed that IE did innovate at its time.
        | 
        | "It had everything independent innovation needed to
        | thrive. It just didn't have any vision for the "open
        | web"."
        | 
        | But it didn't had an open source core and was windows
        | only. The vision was microsoft only (forever).
        | 
        | "This was the Microsoft way. You can't blame them for
        | being themselves. "
        | 
        | So the argument is, "yeah, Microsoft is a big monopolist
        | who do everything they can, to lock people on their
        | system, you cannot blame them for it, this is just the
        | way they are"?
        | 
        | Either way, in this case luckily their monopol strategy
        | failed and IE died because of it.
 
        | nashashmi wrote:
        | > But it didn't had an open source core and was windows
        | only. The vision was microsoft only (forever).
        | 
        | Right. I never would have understood the love for open
        | source if Microsoft hadnt left so much thirst for deeper
        | complex innovation in my mouth.
 
      | berkut wrote:
      | IE 4 and 5 were innovative (IMO as someone who used both at
      | the time - 1998-2000 - and actively converted family
      | members to IE) compared to Netscape: it had a cache which
      | worked consistently (important in 28.8 modem times) -
      | Netscape would ignore the cache in some situations, i.e.
      | resize the browser window and it would re-download images,
      | even though it had them in its cache, and also IE had
      | things like smooth scrolling which helped make things
      | "nicer" to scroll and feel better from a UI perspective,
      | and things like "make favourites available offline"
      | feature, where it would download a bunch of full pages
      | (whilst you were dialed up), and you could browse them
      | after you disconnected.
      | 
      | After IE 6, things when downhill fast with the stagnation,
      | but before that point, IE was a good browser.
 
        | cogman10 wrote:
        | The biggest issue with IE is it was HEAVILY integrated
        | into windows. That in turn made it really slow to move.
        | To get IE 6, you needed windows 2000, to get IE 7/8, you
        | needed XP, to get 9+ you needed Vista.
        | 
        | That particularly became a problem because the time gap
        | between XP and Vista was huge (and a lot of people
        | skipped it and went to 7/8/10). In the meantime firefox
        | and chrome came up and started innovating rapidly. Chrome
        | started it with the evergreen model and FF quickly
        | adopted that model.
 
        | anthk wrote:
        | IE6 worked in w98 too.
 
    | jeroenhd wrote:
    | Chrome got popular because IE grew to be terrible and Firefox
    | became bloated and slow over time. Opera was a decent
    | alternative but their alternative renderer couldn't keep up.
    | 
    | If Apple keeps their browser compatible, I doubt they have
    | much to fear. Linking users to the app store because your
    | site doesn't work is a great way to drive them away from your
    | website, I doubt there will be much push for installing
    | Chrome.
    | 
    | Currently, Chrome for iOS has a slither of the market share
    | that Safari has. Most people don't even know you can install
    | another browser at all. Unless Apple makes/keeps their
    | browser uncompetitive, they won't lose a serious amount of
    | market share.
 
      | timeon wrote:
      | Firefox did not became bloated. It was plugin based. Chrome
      | came with new concept (tab=process) and marketing. That is
      | it.
 
        | mrtksn wrote:
        | > and marketing.
        | 
        | If I recall correctly, Google was paying 1$ per install,
        | so everyone was promoting Chrome and Chrome was actually
        | better than Firefox.
        | 
        | Firefox then made a lot of missteps, tried to make a push
        | open video and audio codecs for idealistic reasons and
        | lost. They also failed to catch on Chrome's performance
        | for quite a long time. They spent a lot of resources into
        | experiments that went nowhere.
 
  | luckylion wrote:
  | Don't forget that batteries will drain immediately, another
  | often-stated argument for why Safari needs to be the only
  | available browser.
 
    | dontlaugh wrote:
    | The difference in battery usage is very noticeable on macOS.
 
      | gnicholas wrote:
      | I use Brave and don't notice a difference at all. Is it
      | only supposed to be happening on Chrome/Firefox, or any
      | non-Safari browser?
 
        | cassianoleal wrote:
        | I use Firefox and it's fine on the battery.
        | 
        | I have used Arc browser for a bit. It's Chromium-based.
        | It didn't seem to have a bad effect on the battery.
        | 
        | I haven't used Chrome in a few years now, but it used to
        | be a major CPU, memory and battery hog. I don't know how
        | it fares these days.
 
    | Spivak wrote:
    | I don't know if that's a good reason but it's definitely a
    | true reason. Chrome on Android devours power.
    | 
    | The thing people are worried about is being forced to use
    | Chrome and Chrome being a worse experience than Safari. If
    | web developers en masse say "oh thank god finally we can drop
    | support for Safari" then we're in a worse situation for
    | everyone involved. We've done nothing but trade a lack of
    | choice for a different lack of choice and ensured that the
    | already dim situation for web apps being ported to non-Chrome
    | browsers will get even worse.
 
      | luckylion wrote:
      | Would Safari on Android (and with the same features) eat
      | less battery though?
      | 
      | I agree in general regarding it being better if multiple
      | engines are available. On the other hand, when I build
      | something, and I'm developing it on Firefox, it usually
      | just works on chromium-based Browsers. Safari tends to be
      | the odd one out that has some weird behavior, although it's
      | much less common and much less bad than it was in the IE
      | days.
      | 
      | Also: not having to buy a Mac every few years just so I can
      | test things in Safari sounds sweet, too.
      | 
      | Web developers wouldn't drop support for Safari as long as
      | a significant amount of users use it (and especially not if
      | those users are premium users, which they tend to be:
      | higher disposable income, better trained to pay for things
      | etc), so I don't think that's an actual risk. At least for
      | anything I'm involved with: we'll drop Firefox before we
      | drop Safari, and we pretty much keep Firefox only because
      | some developers and some PMs are using it.
 
        | kitsunesoba wrote:
        | > Would Safari on Android (and with the same features)
        | eat less battery though?
        | 
        | Yes, probably. WebKit browsers on other platforms like
        | GNOME Web/Epiphany on Linux is easier on battery than
        | Chrome or Firefox. WebKit is generally speaking more
        | efficient than Blink and Gecko.
 
  | someNameIG wrote:
  | On macOS where you can get the full Chrome experience Safari is
  | still dominant with 60+% marketshare. I presume it will be the
  | same for iOS.
 
    | jiripospisil wrote:
    | Source?
 
    | crazygringo wrote:
    | That's incorrect.
    | 
    | On macOS, Chrome is dominant by far, with 66.22% as of
    | January 2023.
    | 
    | Safari is 2nd place with 27.72%.
    | 
    | https://netmarketshare.com/browser-market-
    | share.aspx?options...
 
    | LarryMullins wrote:
    | Yes I think so. I predict that Apple will stop neglecting
    | Safari now that they're forced to compete, and also that most
    | users will stick with the default anyway.
 
      | scarface74 wrote:
      | Yes because of the great choice of browsers on Android,
      | companies of all sizes are eschewing native apps and
      | telling Android users just to use their website. On the
      | other hand they are being forced to create apps for iOS.
      | 
      | Oh wait. That's not happening at all.
 
        | LarryMullins wrote:
        | On Google's android, everybody uses Google's browser. On
        | Apple's iOS, most everybody will use Apple's browser.
 
        | alexklarjr wrote:
        | The thing I was never understand how can one use chrome
        | on android when its not allowing ads blocking? Zillions
        | of notifications and pop ups, fraud ads that have more
        | space than information you want to read. Trackers that
        | slow down your pages and destroying battery by sending
        | every move to google several times a second. Constant
        | redirects to google store, constant attempts to subscribe
        | you to mobile provider premium services. Android users
        | living in spyware hell.
 
        | dmitriid wrote:
        | That's why Google's apps ask you in which browser to open
        | links, with Chrome being the first, and default, choice.
        | And conveniently "forgetting" the user choice.
        | 
        | Don't forget about Google search which will push Chrome
        | every chance it has. And Youtube.
 
        | vetinari wrote:
        | As someone who has used Firefox on Android as the default
        | browser for years, one thing that I must say is that
        | Android never conveniently forgot my choice.
        | 
        | Which cannot be said about Windows.
 
        | scarface74 wrote:
        | What does that have to do with the narrative that PWAs
        | are a great alternative on Android yet no company seems
        | to take advantage of the fact and they still all create
        | an iOS, Android and web app?
 
      | freedomben wrote:
      | Indeed. Don't overestimate the power ofr 15+ years of
      | conditioning. People aren't suddenly going to switch for no
      | reason.
 
  | dang wrote:
  | Can you please not post in the flamewar style? It's not what
  | this site is for, and destroys what it is for.
  | 
  | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
 
| pcdoodle wrote:
| Finally. Can't wait to use my favorite extension UBO.
 
| someNameIG wrote:
| What surprises me about this is that they have only started this
| recently. At least with Google I thought they probably had an
| internal build of Chrome for iOS using Blink, even just for
| testing.
 
  | bgirard wrote:
  | A Mozilla engineer had a working toy build in ~2011 and it
  | didn't take them a lot of work from what I recall when they
  | showed me.
 
    | christkv wrote:
    | They already have an android version so I can't imagine it
    | will take them long to port it.
 
| spandrew wrote:
| Cross browser compatibility is already such a slog. This is going
| to make that much worse. Maybe that's OK given WebKit's firm grip
| on things.
| 
| I've been using Arc browser since December and it's... strange?
| But good. Lots of interesting ideas.
 
  | malermeister wrote:
  | Why would that make it worse? It's not like they would use new
  | rendering engines, they'd just use the same ones they're
  | already using on desktop. You should make sure your site is
  | compatible with those engines anyways.
 
    | nicce wrote:
    | It depends. Power efficiency on Safari with iOS is quite
    | optimized and many features are integrated to iOS. E.g. some
    | authentication workflows to Apple services.
 
      | kelnos wrote:
      | Why does that matter, though? Web developers don't assume
      | the entire world is "Safari on iOS". They have to handle
      | all the various desktop browsers, as well as everything
      | that runs on Android.
      | 
      | If it's not possible to do a particular Apple-specific
      | authentication workflow in Firefox on iOS, then users will
      | fall back to whatever else is already implemented for other
      | platforms.
      | 
      | If users don't like how Firefox or Chrome on iOS drain
      | their battery, then they'll stop using them and go back to
      | Safari.
      | 
      | Giving people more choice doesn't hurt.
 
| scottlamb wrote:
| > The correlated activity from Google and Mozilla could suggest
| that they're expecting Apple to drop its restrictions on third-
| party browser engines in the near future, or the companies could
| simply be hedging their bets.
| 
| Ugh, imagine being an engineer on the project if it's the latter.
| At a company strategy level, it may be wise to put resources into
| having this ready to go. [1] At an individual level, putting tons
| of effort into something like this with less than average hopes
| of launching seems extremely demotivating (and doesn't look so
| hot for "impact" in perf either).
| 
| I wonder how much effort it is combine the iOS UI layer and the
| non-iOS blink layer. I'm terrible at estimating effort even for
| my own projects so it's hard to speculate.
| 
| [1] A bit less wise to do speculative projects while
| simultaneously laying off 12,000 people with no warning.
 
  | aikinai wrote:
  | Google engineers often spend years on less exciting and
  | interesting projects that get canceled or don't succeed. Plenty
  | of people would enjoy working on this whether or not it
  | launches, and it's also a high-profile bet, so I'd say it's in
  | the very top tier of desirable projects.
 
  | tgv wrote:
  | > Ugh, imagine being an engineer on the project if it's the
  | latter.
  | 
  | OTOH, no users means no bugs.
 
    | Birkeholm wrote:
    | [flagged]
 
      | [deleted]
 
  | summerlight wrote:
  | The actual launch (or landing) probably doesn't really mean
  | much for less senior employees as long as they would get enough
  | attention from their management. But for those managers and
  | above, it might.
 
  | voytec wrote:
  | If Apple will be forced by law to allow apps from outside
  | AppStore, vendors will possibly have less restrictions.
 
  | bendiksolheim wrote:
  | Quite the opposite! I would find it highly motivating to work
  | on something like this, even if it was just a 5% chance it
  | would make it onto actual phones. You certainly need the right
  | types of people who are motivated by the right factors, but
  | that is not unique for this case.
 
    | dheera wrote:
    | > even if it was just a 5% chance
    | 
    | It would be more motivating for me if in the 95% event that
    | Apple rejects it from the app store, a PR disaster can be
    | launched against Apple for it, and instructions are published
    | to install it on a jailbroken phone.
 
      | United857 wrote:
      | Don't even need to jailbreak, nowadays you can
      | build/sideload using a free iOS developer account,
      | especially if the projects in question are open source.
 
      | rcme wrote:
      | What's the latest iOS version that can be jail broken? With
      | all of the exploits on iOS, I'd be pretty nervous running
      | an old iOS version.
 
        | jedberg wrote:
        | Isn't it a requirement that the iOS be exploitable so
        | that it can be jailbroken?
        | 
        | Is your hope that the exploit for the jailbreak is the
        | one and only flaw? :)
 
        | rcme wrote:
        | True. I guess my point was that, given the insane number
        | of zero-click iMessage exploits there have been, you'd
        | have to really not care about any of your data to use a
        | jail broken phone.
 
    | bawolff wrote:
    | Why though?
    | 
    | I mean, i could understand if you were working on some sort
    | of research prototype that might fail, or otherwise something
    | new and unique, but just porting an existing browser engine
    | hardly seems to be instrinsically exciting in and of itself,
    | so what would the motivation be?
 
  | Consultant32452 wrote:
  | Seems like a great grift gig to me. Low pressure, possible
  | chance of high reward.
 
| drewg123 wrote:
| I'm looking forward to running "real" firefox on ios. If only so
| that there is another alternative if a page renders poorly in
| webkit.
 
  | coldpie wrote:
  | Real Firefox is the thing I miss most when I switched from
  | Android. Browsing the web without NoScript suuuucks.
 
    | dcow wrote:
    | I really hope firefox retains support for real web extensions
    | through this manifest v3 bs.
 
      | godshatter wrote:
      | Mozilla makes $400 million a year from Google, would they
      | really cut off this revenue stream if Google told them to
      | only support manifest v3 or else?
      | 
      | Mozilla should never have gotten into a situation where 90%
      | of their funding comes from their biggest competitor.
 
        | kajecounterhack wrote:
        | Sadly, they're probably headed into a worse situation,
        | where they lose most of that 90% of their funding since
        | their browser marketshare is at an all time low of 3-4%.
        | Renegotiation is this year.
 
    | [deleted]
 
  | imiric wrote:
  | I'm not that optimistic that Mozilla is capable of building a
  | good iOS browser. It's been a few months since I last used it,
  | but the issues of Firefox on iPadOS were not because of the
  | engine. Tabs would frequently lose order, closing a tab would
  | close some other tab, broken keyboard shortcuts,
  | cursor/selection issues in the address bar, random non-
  | responsiveness and just janky UI. The issues were so obvious
  | that it felt like it was built without any QA process, so I
  | resorted to using Safari most of the time, which worked
  | perfectly.
  | 
  | Firefox Focus on Android works much better, but it's also a
  | simpler browser. I haven't used the full Firefox on Android, so
  | can't comment on that.
 
    | shantara wrote:
    | Unfortunately, I had the same experience with iOS and iPadOS
    | versions of Firefox. Very janky, lots of bugs that went on
    | unfixed for months and years, and general lack of polish and
    | thoughtfulness in the UI. Despite using Firefox on every
    | other platform, I had much better experience with Safari, and
    | kept Firefox installed only for an occasional password
    | lookup.
 
    | ben174 wrote:
    | Once the native engine is available to the general public,
    | there will be more users. When there are more users, there
    | will likely be more resources thrown at development.
 
      | ridiculous_fish wrote:
      | Why hasn't this happened on Android?
 
        | leni536 wrote:
        | Firefox is the best Android browser, for the sole reason
        | of being able to use uBlock Origin with it.
 
| wdb wrote:
| Sounds more like a switch of domination at the iOS platform from
| Webkit to Chromium.
| 
| Personally, I am really happy with Safari but I am not convinced
| Firefox make a big dent.
 
  | FoxBJK wrote:
  | Wonder how long it'll take for Blink to overtake WebKit on iOS
  | in terms of usage.
 
| astlouis44 wrote:
| About time. The way to free developers from the 30% app tax on
| iOS is through the web. Apple has been doing their best to drag
| their heels in order to keep grip over revenue from in-app
| purchases inside their walled garden, but the writing is truly on
| the wall at this point.
| 
| As an aside, for anyone interested in WebAssembly and the future
| of gaming in the browser - my team and I at Wonder Interactive
| are bringing the full power of native gaming to the web. We're
| building out a platform and suite of tools that allows developers
| to publish, host, share, and monetize their games directly to
| their players online, without any middlemen.
| 
| The current focus is on the Unreal Engine (4.24, 4.27) and UE5
| support which is coming later this year. Other engines will
| follow such as Unity, Godot, Open 3D Engine, and custom engines
| we can provide porting for on our paid plans. We're building out
| a WebGPU backend for UE5, to really enable high end desktop and
| console quality games in HTML5. The goal is to free developers
| from storefronts that charge a 30% tax on distribution.
| 
| Further reading, with demos attached:
| 
| https://theimmersiveweb.com/blog
 
  | galleywest200 wrote:
  | For what it is worth...the rumor mill seems to believe that
  | Apple will allow side-loading as of iOS 17.
  | 
  | https://techcrunch.com/2022/12/14/apple-will-reportedly-allo...
  | 
  | https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-12-13/will-appl...
 
    | dsissitka wrote:
    | I wonder how difficult they're going to make things.
    | 
    | > To help protect against unsafe apps, Apple is discussing
    | the idea of mandating certain security requirements even if
    | software is distributed outside its store. Such apps also may
    | need to be verified by Apple -- a process that could carry a
    | fee. Within the App Store, Apple takes a 15% to 30% cut of
    | revenue.
 
      | throwawayapples wrote:
      | So, basically they're still the gatekeeper and tollbooth
      | operator, but it looks like the opposite. Nicely done,
      | Apple.
 
        | iib wrote:
        | If this brings us non-Webkit browsers on iOS, I think
        | it's still a victory.
 
        | criddell wrote:
        | Safari on iOS is basically the only thing stopping the
        | future of the web from being controlled by Google via
        | Blink.
 
        | jaynetics wrote:
        | Even if there is a choice, iPhone users might tend to
        | stick with Safari anyway. Desktop Safari's market share
        | is about 10%, roughly the same as macOS' market share,
        | which seems to suggest limited appetite for browser
        | customization.
 
  | scarface74 wrote:
  | > About time. The way to free developers from the 30% app tax
  | on iOS is through the web.
  | 
  | You mean like all of the developers who aren't creating native
  | apps on Android and are creating PWAs?
  | 
  | There are just three issues with this narrative:
  | 
  | 1. It came out in the Epic trial that 80% of all app revenue is
  | coming from games.
  | 
  | 2. Most of the other revenue derived from the App Store is
  | coming from services where no one pays through the App Store
  | 
  | 3. Large companies have already abandoned in app purchases like
  | Spotify and Netflix
 
    | arcturus17 wrote:
    | > You mean like all of the developers who aren't creating
    | native apps on Android and are creating PWAs?
    | 
    | I'm not sure I understand your wording right... Are you
    | saying that devs creating PWAs are "free?" Because it's well-
    | known that PWAs has been stunted by Apple and Google. The
    | technology is _well behind_ its potential. PWAs could do
    | significantly more if they had better access to system APIs.
 
      | scarface74 wrote:
      | So now there is a great conspiracy by both Apple and
      | Google? Maybe web technologies just aren't as good as
      | native?
      | 
      | In the history of computing there has never been a cross
      | platform general purpose GUI framework that didn't suck.
      | 
      | Not to mention most Android devices in the wild are low end
      | and don't handle complex web pages well
 
        | arcturus17 wrote:
        | > So now there is a great conspiracy by both Apple and
        | Google?
        | 
        | What conspiracy?
        | 
        | They have huge economic disincentives to further PWAs -
        | there is no need for any conspiracy.
        | 
        | In the first presentation of the iPhone, Steve Jobs laid
        | out a vision where the smartphone would run _web apps_ ,
        | using fundamental web technologies (HTML, CSS, JS). He
        | quickly backtracked when he realised Apple could impose a
        | 30% tax on transactions in the platform.
        | 
        | > Maybe web technologies just aren't as good as native?
        | 
        | No one said they are, but that's no excuse to drag your
        | feet in implementing simple things like push
        | notifications.
        | 
        | > In the history of computing there has never been a
        | cross platform general purpose GUI framework that didn't
        | suck.
        | 
        | What GUI framework? I barely even know what we are
        | talking about anymore. You don't need one with PWA -
        | again, you're using fundamental web technologies, and
        | enabling them to make system calls.
        | 
        | > Not to mention most Android devices in the wild are low
        | end and don't handle complex web pages well
        | 
        | So that's another excuse to not further PWAs, huh?
 
        | scarface74 wrote:
        | > What GUI framework? I barely even know what we are
        | talking about anymore. You don't need one with PWA -
        | again, you're using fundamental web technologies, and
        | enabling them to make system calls.
        | 
        | Let me ask you this then. Name _one_ cross platform
        | framework that wasn't meant to build command line tools
        | that hasn't sucked?
        | 
        | QT? Java Spring? React Native? Electron?
        | 
        | > In the first presentation of the iPhone, Steve Jobs
        | laid out a vision where the smartphone would run web
        | apps, using fundamental web technologies (HTML, CSS, JS).
        | He quickly backtracked when he realised Apple could
        | impose a 30% tax on transactions in the platform.
        | 
        | He "backtracked" because his "sweet solution" wasn't good
        | and everyone wanted native apps and web apps were called
        | "a shit sandwich" by developers.
        | 
        | Do you know the history of creating "applications" using
        | "web technologies"? They failed for RIM, Microsoft, and
        | Palm. Web apps suck not to mention the clusterfuck of the
        | front end ecosystem.
        | 
        | Every single platform that went down the "we can do great
        | web apps" backtracked. They have never been good enough.
        | 
        | > So that's another excuse to not further PWAs, huh?
        | 
        | You mean making an app that's actually performant on the
        | majority of phones out there?
 
        | arcturus17 wrote:
        | > He "backtracked" because his "sweet solution" wasn't
        | good and everyone wanted native apps and web apps were
        | called "a shit sandwich" by developers.
        | 
        | Sure, the 30% cut of all sales was just a sweet
        | coincidence.
        | 
        | > You mean making an app that's actually performant on
        | the majority of phones out there?
        | 
        | Twitter and Uber have PWAs for countries where low-end
        | devices are the majority of phones.
        | 
        | > They have never been good enough.
        | 
        | Complete bollocks, there are plenty of excellent web apps
        | out there, and it's one of the most important mechanisms
        | for software delivery nowadays, in both the enterprise
        | and consumer spaces. You are a fundamentalist and there
        | is no point discussing anything here anymore
 
| rektide wrote:
| Brilliant move. Show what is possible. Let individual developers
| download the source & build themselves, and run it. Make it real,
| make the only obstruction a legal one, one that is increasingly
| full of holes as a small exterior/outside hobbyist community
| bypasses the longstanding trenchancy Apple has dug, has moated
| themselves in with. Give people that first whiff of freedom.
| 
| And if someday hopefully some of the anti-trust anti-competitive
| legal moats do get torn down, Google will be ready.
 
  | EMIRELADERO wrote:
  | This has already happened. The walls have already been torn
  | down. The EU's Digital Markets Act has made it mandatory for
  | Apple to implement those changes by Q1 2024
 
    | voakbasda wrote:
    | Anyone care to speculate as to whether Apple will take that
    | opportunity to permit users in other regions that same
    | liberty? Personally, I would not bet on that outcome without
    | similar legislation forcing the issue.
 
      | EMIRELADERO wrote:
      | They probably will. Google "Brussels Effect"
 
        | voakbasda wrote:
        | I can see how that applies for hardware manufacturers
        | that don't want to build multiple versions of their
        | products; however, software can easily be region locked
        | using a simple flag without the same economic
        | consequences.
 
  | lxgr wrote:
  | As far as I know, JIT is disabled on iOS at the moment, so one
  | thing developers would notice right away is abysmal JavaScript
  | performance. (Early versions of V8 didn't even have an
  | interpreting or bytecode path, to my knowledge, so it wouldn't
  | even run without major modifications!)
 
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