[HN Gopher] PFC bans are going to change waterproof garments
___________________________________________________________________
 
PFC bans are going to change waterproof garments
 
Author : goesup12
Score  : 222 points
Date   : 2022-12-04 18:03 UTC (4 hours ago)
 
web link (www.cyclingnews.com)
w3m dump (www.cyclingnews.com)
 
| throwaway892238 wrote:
| I must be a weirdo.... I just wear lots of wool, and a thin
| windproof/rainproof jacket with armpit zips. I get sweaty but I
| stay warm (as long as I'm moving)
 
  | ip26 wrote:
  | What is the rainproof part made of?
  | 
  | Not everyone has the option of "just don't stop moving".
 
  | jmull wrote:
  | Wool + wind shield is actually pretty hard to beat.
  | 
  | The modern materials can be effective while being very light
  | weight and take up little space. But I think these are much
  | more niche concerns than most people like to acknowledge.
  | 
  | I think the real reason the modern materials are more popular
  | than wool+ is that they are more profitable when marketed, and
  | hence are heavily marketed.
 
    | SkyPuncher wrote:
    | The problem is most wind shields are equivalent to wearing a
    | plastic bag. The moment you start sweating, it creates a
    | terrible, sticky, humid environment.
 
      | girvo wrote:
      | As someone who lives in QLD Australia, I'm used to that
      | sticky humidity I guess -- the rare times I need to deal
      | with cold _and_ wet, wool and a wind shield jacket is
      | fantastic for me. Very different environment than most
      | others in this thread though I think.
 
      | senderista wrote:
      | For active use, you'll often stay drier under a water-
      | repellent treated breathable fabric that doesn't pretend to
      | be waterproof. With most "waterproof/breathable" fabrics,
      | you'll get soaked from the inside long before you get
      | soaked from the outside.
 
    | halpmeh wrote:
    | Wearing a waterproof shell gets you pretty steamy. Apparently
    | this ShakeDry fabric is actually breathable. I wear wool +
    | shell (note, waterproof shells likely contain PFCs), but I
    | hate how humid it gets. I'm very intrigued by ShakeDry after
    | reading this thread.
 
  | adultSwim wrote:
  | I would love to see a return of waxed canvas as an outer shell
  | material.
 
| olivermarks wrote:
| Given that many cyclists also have deep climate anxieties and
| conservative (with a small'c') attitudes it sounds as though
| 1970's era pvc coated nylon and cotton will make a resurgence
 
  | olivermarks wrote:
  | Whilst PVC is most frequently made from salt and oil, in some
  | regions of the world PVC is made without using oil feedstock at
  | all (substituting oil-derived hydrocarbon with bio-derived
  | hydrocarbon feedstock). PVC is therefore far less oil-dependent
  | than other thermoplastics.
 
    | hammock wrote:
    | PE same thing...
 
| numpad0 wrote:
| > "Introducing New Gore-Tex Products with Innovative Expanded
| Polyethylene (ePE) Membrane for AW22" didn't exactly catch my
| eye. I sent an email out to Gorewear and asked about it, but
| there was nothing to test and it fell off my radar.
| 
| > As it turns out, that press release was a big deal. Expanded
| polyethylene is the future of the Gore product line.
| 
| That sounds reasonable, and by the way, today I learned we were
| so casually wearing Teflon clothing all the time just to be
| comfortable in rainy days. That's atomic.
 
  | kccqzy wrote:
  | Why is this demonization of Teflon aka PTFE? I mean yes PFOA
  | and PFOS are pretty bad, but PTFE should be pretty safe if you
  | don't overheat it. I mean I just purchased a non-stick cooking
  | pan and it contained PTFE coating; should I be worried now?
 
    | halpmeh wrote:
    | Cooking in Teflon cookware been associated with liver cancer.
    | 
    | More generally, ingesting anything your body can't break down
    | doesn't end well. It typically builds up and causes cancer.
    | E.g. asbestos, silica lung, stomach cancer from chewing
    | tobacco, etc.
 
    | girvo wrote:
    | Make sure you don't scratch it, and don't overheat it. There
    | are studies that appear to show it might not be ideal even
    | following that, but it's not completely clear I think. It
    | should be fine if you treat it correctly
 
    | s0rce wrote:
    | I think the issue is more in manufacturing and disposal not
    | use. Don't overheat your pan and you are fine. The garments
    | also used PFAS based coatings for water repellent coatings
    | which are also bad.
 
      | throwaway5959 wrote:
      | Don't overheat the pan you use to cook food with heat?
 
        | topaz0 wrote:
        | Yes. i.e. 400-500F is much more likely to be harmful to
        | health than 300F. This is why teflon pans are not a good
        | choice for things like searing meat, where you really
        | want the surface to be very hot. Of course, you can still
        | do plenty of cooking at 300F.
 
    | danuker wrote:
    | "At normal cooking temperatures, [Teflon]-coated cookware
    | releases various gases and chemicals that present mild to
    | severe toxicity."
    | 
    | https://nutritionfacts.org/video/stainless-steel-or-cast-
    | iro...
 
| [deleted]
 
| sgt101 wrote:
| Well, not my waxed jacket..
 
| qbasic_forever wrote:
| Wow there's definitely a money making opportunity to hang on to
| and resell any goretex shakedry (single layer goretex, Columbia
| had a similar thing called out-dri). There's really nothing else
| like it that's as light weight and water proof yet breathable as
| it was. People paid a premium for it when it was in production.
| The value is going to skyrocket if it's not available new
| anymore.
 
  | Jolter wrote:
  | I don't think the material lasts long enough to have multiple
  | users. My experience of ptfe and related chemicals is that they
  | wash out and the material degrades over time worth wear, so
  | they don't stay water-repellent very long.
  | 
  | If they didn't degrade quickly, they wouldn't be such a threat
  | to the environment.
  | 
  | Edit: Sorry, I didn't mean PTFE above but PFC.
 
    | qbasic_forever wrote:
    | Goretex isn't a coating though, at least with their membrane
    | stuff like shakedry. The fibers themselves are PTFE. It
    | doesn't wash away over time. As I understand it the
    | environmental risk with these jackets is from the production
    | process and PTFE use there. Once it's a membrane it's inert
    | and stable.
 
      | Jolter wrote:
      | Sorry, I meant PFC. I've edited the comment.
 
        | qbasic_forever wrote:
        | Yeah you're thinking of older style goretex membrane
        | laminants. They'd have 2 or 3 layers with a goretex
        | membrane inside and an outer shell of non-waterproof
        | fabric to protect the goretex. The outer shell would be
        | treated with a PFC spray to make it water resistant and
        | keep from soaking up and holding water (which makes the
        | inner goretex layer not breathe).
        | 
        | Goretex shakedry came out a few years ago and changed
        | things dramatically, it's just one layer of the
        | unprotected raw goretex membrane. No need for coating
        | with PFC and much, much lighter than the laminants. It's
        | not as durable so there are some trade-offs but for
        | people that can work with its limitations it is
        | incredible waterproof tech. It's what we always wished
        | rain gear was--light, breathable, waterproof.
 
        | Jolter wrote:
        | I can't reconcile that with what the OP states: "While
        | the Shakedry fabric has been great for its
        | characteristics as a cycling jacket (waterproofness,
        | breathability and lightweight), the membrane also
        | contains PFOA [ed. Perfluorooctanoic acid] chemicals, and
        | Gore is dedicated to being PFOA-free by 2025[...]"
        | 
        | Certainly seems like shakedry is being phased out because
        | it contains a (banned) toxic chemical. What am I getting
        | wrong?
 
        | qbasic_forever wrote:
        | Like I said creating the PTFE is the problem and where
        | restrictions are being placed on those manufacturers.
 
        | Jolter wrote:
        | I can't find that in the article. Do you have a source
        | for it?
        | 
        | Regular gore-Tex is still on the market and it's also
        | based on PTFE so I must assume it's the special
        | formulations in Shakedry that are now banned. I e
        | whatever PFOA is.
 
      | cwkoss wrote:
      | If the fibers are ptfe, isn't it harming the environment as
      | it is worn and sheds microparticles? And every time it's
      | washed?
 
      | flybrand wrote:
      | I believe what makes this different is a coating layer on
      | top of the traditional PTFE.
 
  | loeg wrote:
  | I suspect you'll see knockoffs without the Gore brand. It was
  | too effective and the original goretex patents have expired.
 
    | flybrand wrote:
    | The number of global PTFE producers is limited - yes, there
    | will be knock off apparel layers, but there are less than a
    | dozen producers of the base layer. Many of them are preparing
    | for a post-apparel world given the new restrictions.
 
| schappim wrote:
| The amount of ads on this page is nuts.
 
| josephcsible wrote:
| I wish that we'd come up with a replacement that's just as good
| _first_ , and only then phase out the original. As an example of
| the right way to do things, consider that nobody banned leaded
| avgas before the FAA found and approved a safe unleaded
| formulation.
 
  | swagmoney1606 wrote:
  | It sounds like Gore Fabrics actually has a replacement in the
  | works though.
  | 
  | "Introducing New Gore-Tex Products with Innovative Expanded
  | Polyethylene (ePE) Membrane for AW22"
  | 
  | Anyways the other stuff is extremely harmful to the planet.
  | There are other (less effective) waterproof materials in the
  | meantime.
 
  | Jolter wrote:
  | You realize this stuff is actually /toxic/, right?
  | 
  | Can you come up with a single incentive that would make the
  | industry invent non-toxic alternatives faster than a ban on the
  | toxic substances would?
 
    | josephcsible wrote:
    | Tetraethyl lead was actually toxic too. What incentive led
    | the avgas industry to replace it before it was banned?
 
      | Jolter wrote:
      | Not sure what point you're trying to make with that. I
      | don't know this stuff but I know how too look it up on
      | Wikipedia, and it looks to me like it was phased out
      | because regulators threatened a ban:
      | 
      | "In November 2008, National Air Transportation Association
      | president Jim Coyne indicated that the environmental impact
      | of aviation is expected to be a big issue over the next few
      | years and will result in the phasing out of 100LL because
      | of its lead content.[45]
      | 
      | By May 2012, the US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA
      | Unleaded Avgas Transition rulemaking committee) had put
      | together a plan in conjunction with industry to replace
      | leaded avgas with an unleaded alternative within 11 years."
 
  | loeg wrote:
  | It also seems like using these things in items like jackets is
  | a lot less problematic than using them in ski waxes, which by
  | design erode from the ski and get distributed in the
  | environment. Jackets more or less stay in one piece.
 
    | Jolter wrote:
    | The ski waxes use pretty small amounts, as I understand it.
    | Anyway, they are indeed being phased out from ski waxes in
    | many places/contexts. The FIS are phasing them out from all
    | competitive skiing, to begin with.
 
      | loeg wrote:
      | My impression is that the international ski bodies (FIS et
      | al) have fully banned the substances at this point. No
      | phase out.
 
        | oostevo wrote:
        | The ban was postponed, as I understand it, as they work
        | through ways to catch people cheating by still using the
        | substances.
        | 
        | https://www.fis-ski.com/en/international-ski-
        | federation/news...
 
        | loeg wrote:
        | Oh, interesting, I hadn't heard that. Thanks!
 
  | rodgerd wrote:
  | "We should keep poisoning the planet until it's convenient for
  | capitalism" is a very unsurprising take on HN, but
  | disappointing nonetheless.
 
  | siftrics wrote:
  | "I wish that we would keep getting cancer until ..."
 
| wyre wrote:
| For anyone not familiar with what makes Shakedry so revolutionary
| is its ability to be waterproof, highly breathable, and
| incredibly lightweight. Its weight and breathability make it
| incredible for active sports like cycling or running. These
| jackets weigh around 100-150g depending on features and size and
| can pack into the pocket of a cycling Jersey, all while being
| waterproof and preventing the athlete from overheating.
 
  | [deleted]
 
  | jupp0r wrote:
  | The tradeoff here is that it's very prone to abrasion. You
  | can't currently use this technology for purposes like hiking
  | because backpack straps, scraping against rocks etc would put
  | small holes in the external membrane. Perfect for cycling
  | though!
 
  | hammock wrote:
  | Shakedry is just a bare goretex membrane, as far as I
  | know...aka without the outer shell fabric.
  | 
  | Not sure it's revolutionary.
  | 
  | You reduce weight and bulk by eliminating the outer fabric but
  | at the expense of abrasion resistance. Why it works for road
  | cycling but not much else.
 
    | askvictor wrote:
    | | Why it works for road cycling but not much else.
    | 
    | My guess is that road cyclists have a tendency to buy new
    | gear on a shockingly frequent basis, so if your jacket only
    | lasts a year it's not really a problem.
 
      | s0rce wrote:
      | And you don't wear a backpack on a road bike.
 
      | sligor wrote:
      | Road cyclists don't wear backpack and don't touch rocks or
      | branches like most other outdoor activities. Backpack +
      | body movement will rub and wear out the naked goretex
      | membrane quickly. And of course, rocks and branches will
      | cut it.
 
    | Jolter wrote:
    | If the article is right, Shakedry is also heavily treated
    | with perflourated toxic stuff. On the outside, presumably.
 
      | jk7tarYZAQNpTQa wrote:
      | Like every Gore-Tex product.
 
  | loeg wrote:
  | Yeah, I just got one this year and it's amazing. Around 100g,
  | super rain resistant and breathable.
 
  | acdha wrote:
  | > waterproof, highly breathable, and incredibly lightweight
  | 
  | This is basically the way most outdoors products have been
  | marketed since the previous century so I'm not sure how much
  | we're actually talking about here. What I was hoping to see in
  | that article was something more quantitative -- does "heavy and
  | doesn't breathe as well" mean something is 20% heavier or 200%,
  | etc.?
 
    | keitmo wrote:
    | For years I've said "any clothing manufacturer that promises
    | something is both 'waterproof' and 'breathable' is lying to
    | you".
    | 
    | Shakedry actually delivers on this promise.
    | 
    | FWIW I do endurance cycling in the Seattle area, a.k.a. "The
    | Pacific NorthWET". We tend to stress the hell out of
    | waterproof clothing.
 
      | acdha wrote:
      | Interesting. I had the same rule of thumb but haven't
      | followed the field closely since the early 2010s.
 
      | 1MachineElf wrote:
      | In Florida, living between the coast and the everglades,
      | rain is a daily occurrence. Having grown up there for 20
      | years, I feel that rain doesn't phase me at all.
      | 
      | I have questioned the averseness northerners have towards
      | getting wet. Living in Maryland now, so many I've
      | interacted with will just not go outside all day if there
      | is rain. They've been raised by parents who've trained them
      | to wait for the rain to stop, to postpone yardwork, to
      | waste time and space fiddling with umbrellas.
      | 
      | Is it just a comfort thing, or is there a real advantage to
      | waterproof/breathable clothing?
 
        | markdown wrote:
        | > I feel that rain doesn't phase me at all.
        | 
        | Me neither, but I live in Fiji. I suspect I'd absolutely
        | hate the freezing rain of the Pacific Northwest.
 
        | s0rce wrote:
        | Cold vs. warm rain is a huge difference. I lived in
        | coastal California and road my bike to work all year, it
        | could be 40F and raining, if you don't have a waterproof
        | jacket you'll be freezing really fast. You'll be sweaty
        | inside because they don't breathe perfectly but you won't
        | freeze. In warm tropical rainy places you can just get
        | wet from rain and not really worry.
 
        | rhinoceraptor wrote:
        | Getting wet is one thing, getting wet in the cold for
        | hours on end is another. For example, the onset of trench
        | foot can happen in under 12 hours.
 
        | salawat wrote:
        | It's all fun and games until you're just above freezing
        | and soaking wet. Wet in the south is something completrly
        | different from wet in Florida.
 
        | wolverine876 wrote:
        | My guess is that it's a suburban thing. People are almost
        | always 'indoors', home or car. The standard for what's
        | acceptable outdoor weather is high.
        | 
        | Visit a northern urban downtown. You will see plenty of
        | people who pay little attention to the rain - not even
        | rain jackets or umbrellas. They just go about their day.
 
        | irrational wrote:
        | When I lived in south Florida, it would rarely rain 24/7.
        | I now live in the PNW where it does rain 24/7 for about 9
        | months of the year. And it is cold.
 
        | ch4s3 wrote:
        | As others have pointed out, getting we when its 40F can
        | quickly turn into hypothermia really fast. You can also
        | get sweaty, then cold on a 40-50F day in a rain jacket if
        | you're moving around a lot. Being cold and wet is no
        | joke.
 
        | Sharlin wrote:
        | > Florida
        | 
        | Have you ever been out in the rain at 0degC? Or even
        | 10deg? Do you even _know_ what it is to be cold and wet?
 
        | thorncorona wrote:
        | Comfort. Also being wet in warmer temps doesn't really
        | cause you to get sick more vs cold temps.
 
        | bradlys wrote:
        | Rain when it's 40F out hits different. It's not 70 and
        | raining. It makes you much colder.
 
        | cwwc wrote:
        | I get this -- but in the Lakes district (England) or
        | anyplace in Scotland, rain at 40F is still common yet
        | folks are unperturbed and continue their daily outdoor
        | activities.
 
        | projektfu wrote:
        | It's amazing how effective a wool sweater and coat can be
        | in those situations. They're very breathable and
        | hydrophobic. I don't think they'd work for the pro
        | cyclist but they're great for the layers-oriented worker.
 
        | VBprogrammer wrote:
        | I haven't been to Florida for many years but this was my
        | experience, when the rain drops it's like being in a
        | shower. You keep wearing light summer clothing so you dry
        | out quickly even if you get caught.
 
        | syncsynchalt wrote:
        | Having spent the last fifteen years cycling daily, rain
        | at 1C / 33F is colder than snow or ice at any
        | temperature.
        | 
        | I'd rather be in -20C temps than wet in rain at just-
        | above freezing temps.
        | 
        | Florida rain is not comparable.
 
    | paulcole wrote:
    | This is what makes ShakeDry so revolutionary. The nonsense
    | brands have been saying about waterproof and breathable is
    | actually real.
    | 
    | I've done 30 mile runs in the pouring rain w/ my ShakeDry
    | jacket and come out "dry" at the end. The material never wets
    | through. The only downside for me is that it does wear "warm"
    | so I mostly wear it in under 45F degree weather -- which
    | coincides nicely with Portland's rainiest weather.
    | 
    | My jacket was around $300 and more than worth every penny.
 
      | fpoling wrote:
      | I remember US army like 10 years ago compared different
      | fabrics and have found eVent was performing significantly
      | better than Gore Tex. Does ShakeDry really better than
      | alternative according to some realistic tests?
 
        | bsimpson wrote:
        | Obligatory FortNine:
        | 
        | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dtCdQfbLw7o
        | 
        | For those who don't know, FortNine is a YouTube channel
        | from a Canadian motorcycle gear seller. Their producer
        | has a physics background and makes excellent videos. Like
        | xkcd, there's a relevant video for so many things even
        | tangentially related to motorcycling.
 
        | paulcole wrote:
        | ShakeDry is much better than eVent in my experience
        | running in very wet weather. eVent is fine for shoes (I'm
        | pretty sure it's what Altra uses in the weatherproof Lone
        | Peaks) but for both weight and performance, ShakeDry is
        | the better jacket material. I've spent way too much money
        | on running gear over the years and ShakeDry laps the
        | field in waterproof + breathable.
        | 
        | To be honest, I don't particularly care what performs
        | best according to research. I'm the one wearing it while
        | running and ShakeDry is best for me.
 
        | flybrand wrote:
        | Did you work with POLARTEC Neoshell or the North Face
        | Futurelight? There were some bike garments made of
        | similar materials.
 
        | paulcole wrote:
        | I've had Neoshell shoes and they were fine as well. But
        | never worn anything w/ that fabric or Futurelight. But
        | from the branding that is very alpine/mountaineering
        | focused, I'd guess that Futurelight is going to be too
        | warm/heavy to be practical for running.
 
        | wyre wrote:
        | Neoshell and Futurelight are 3L fabrics so are going to
        | be more similar to eVent than shakedry.
 
      | jk7tarYZAQNpTQa wrote:
      | > The only downside for me is that it does wear "warm"
      | 
      | Besides, you know, killing yourself and the planet.
 
        | paulcole wrote:
        | I don't eat meat, I've never driven a car, I don't fly in
        | airplanes, I don't have kids, and I live in a tiny
        | apartment. How many of those are true for you?
        | 
        | I'll allow myself the planet-killing indulgence of the
        | jacket -- which pales in comparison to those other steps
        | I've taken.
        | 
        | Plus, I have a chronic illness that will already likely
        | significantly shorten my life anyway. I'm not too worried
        | about the health effects of a jacket that I wear 75 days
        | a year.
 
      | stygiansonic wrote:
      | So your sweat is able to evaporate through the membrane
      | leaving you dry? This is the biggest issue I've had with so
      | called "breathable" membranes. (I assume you still sweat in
      | < 45F weather because I still sweat even in freezing
      | temperatures when running, depending on other conditions,
      | etc)
 
        | paulcole wrote:
        | I wear a Patagonia capilene baselayer and am often
        | surprised by how dry everything (both myself and the
        | baselayer) are beneath the ShakeDry jacket. There's
        | exceptions for sure: harder efforts, slightly warmer
        | temperatures, times when the wrists off of my shirt
        | "wick" water up into the body of the shirt/jacket, etc.
        | 
        | Overall though for cold (32-45F) and rainy weather like
        | we get a lot in the PNW, it's an amazing fabric.
 
      | Raidion wrote:
      | As a runner myself, does being waterproof make that much of
      | a difference? I've done pretty cold runs with various
      | layers of under armour (or related) and while you don't
      | stay dry, you do stay warm, and you will dry out pretty
      | quickly if the rain stops.
      | 
      | Only thing I can think of would be very rainy and very
      | windy weather but those are pretty rare in my area.
 
        | paulcole wrote:
        | When it's very wet, being truly waterproof and breathable
        | makes a huge difference. It's both much more comfortable
        | and keeps me much warmer over the course of a 4-8 hour
        | long run.
 
      | loeg wrote:
      | > The only downside for me is that it does wear "warm" so I
      | mostly wear it in under 45F degree weather
      | 
      | Yeah. For cycling, I wear short-sleeved summer jerseys
      | under the Shakedry down into the 30s Fahrenheit. It gets
      | pretty warm and sweaty in the high 40s but beats
      | alternatives. (I'm up in Seattle.)
 
      | siftrics wrote:
      | >The only downside for me
      | 
      | Not to mention the main downside of getting cancer
 
        | Etheryte wrote:
        | A small downside of a few fun options [0]:
        | 
        | > As a result of a class-action lawsuit and community
        | settlement with DuPont, three epidemiologists conducted
        | studies on the population surrounding a chemical plant
        | that was exposed to PFOA at levels greater than in the
        | general population. Studies have found correlation
        | between high PFOA exposure and six health outcomes:
        | kidney cancer, testicular cancer, ulcerative colitis,
        | thyroid disease, hypercholesterolemia (high cholesterol),
        | and pregnancy-induced hypertension.
        | 
        | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfluorooctanoic_acid
 
        | wernercd wrote:
        | [citation needed]
 
        | takeda wrote:
        | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfluorooctanoic_acid#Heal
        | th_...
        | 
        | Why do you think they are discontinuing it if it is so
        | amazing in what it does?
 
        | wgjordan wrote:
        | The CDC's ToxFAQs page on Perfluoroalkyls [1] is one
        | starting point, refer to the full 993-page report [2] for
        | all the gritty details. Here's a high-level summary of
        | the evidence on cancer risks:
        | 
        | > The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC
        | 2017) concluded that PFOA is possibly carcinogenic to
        | humans (Group 2B), and EPA (2016e, 2016f) concluded that
        | there was suggestive evidence of the carcinogenic
        | potential of PFOA and PFOS in humans. Increases in
        | testicular and kidney cancer have been observed in highly
        | exposed humans.
        | 
        | Less research on PFOS that aren't PFOA though, so there's
        | room for dismissing the available evidence if you're so
        | inclined.
        | 
        | [1] https://wwwn.cdc.gov/TSP/ToxFAQs/ToxFAQsDetails.aspx?
        | faqid=1... [2]
        | https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp200.pdf
 
        | ch4s3 wrote:
        | My question for things like this is how do you get
        | exposed? Does it absorb through the skin from a garment
        | under normal conditions?
 
        | frereubu wrote:
        | Are you saying that's the case for exposure to it when
        | wearing clothing with it on?
        | 
        | To be clear I'm not diminishing the experience of the
        | people who live around the plant where it was produced if
        | that's what you're referring to, where clearly it had a
        | terrible effect, but my understanding of that was DuPont
        | dumped thousands of tonnes of toxic waste in the ground
        | near the plant that went into the groundwater, which is
        | very different from wearing the product.
 
    | qbasic_forever wrote:
    | It's night and day different with other waterproof tech.
    | Goretex publishes all the specs you want like hydrostatic
    | head rating (how many mm of water pressure it can withstand),
    | breathability, etc. Shakedry was better and lighter than
    | anything else we've ever seen. The only con against it is
    | that in high abrasion situations (like shoulder areas of
    | jackets when wearing a heavy backpack) it can wear out.
    | People in the outdoor and especially ultralight world loved
    | shakedry.
 
      | acdha wrote:
      | Interesting. I have a fair amount of older ultralight stuff
      | and while it definitely did the job I certainly felt that
      | there was a sharp knuckle in the price curve where the
      | extra cost wasn't worth it.
      | 
      | Durability is a big factor now though since I'm primarily
      | bike commuting where it's about daily use & weight is less
      | important.
 
  | fnordpiglet wrote:
  | ePTFE and it's story is amazing.
  | 
  | https://www.wired.com/story/how-gore-tex-was-invented/
 
    | cobalt wrote:
    | it's a little more complicated actually:
    | http://www.no8rewired.kiwi/nz-inventions/eptfe-aka-goretex/
 
      | fnordpiglet wrote:
      | Interesting story! Thanks.
 
  | Spooky23 wrote:
  | You stay dry, and increase risk of a host of nasty cancers and
  | environmental devastation.
 
    | [deleted]
 
  | stevage wrote:
  | Weird, I'm a keen cyclist and very into outdoor gear, and I've
  | never heard of it. There are now many waterproof fabrics
  | though, it's very hard to tell one strong claim from another.
 
    | MezzoDelCammin wrote:
    | Depends what distances are You up to and in what weather. If
    | You bike in warm weather and can simply dry off at home / in
    | a hotel after a race, than no big deal. The cycling jersey
    | might do just fine with some basic windbreaker against the
    | chill.
    | 
    | Shakedy is however a gamechanger for anyone doing ultra
    | distance and self supported racing. The ability to bike
    | through a rainy night without worrying about Your upper body
    | being wet is nothing short of amazing. And I say that as a
    | proud owner of a not-too-old Goretex Pro mountain jacket and
    | some older membrane jackets before that.
 
| sirsinsalot wrote:
| I've always used Nikwax waterproofing products. PFC free and
| amazing for tents and shells.
 
  | justinator wrote:
  | Nikwax doesn't waterprood anything. It makes water on the
  | surface of materials bead and not wet out so fast. The fabric
  | needs still to be, "waterproof".
 
  | secondcoming wrote:
  | Unless your tent/garment also has taped/sealed seams then it'll
  | never be waterproof; this is why some garments are marketed as
  | being only 'water repellant'.
 
  | loeg wrote:
  | I use Nikwax too, but it's not even remotely as effective as
  | shakedry.
 
  | SkyPuncher wrote:
  | I love Nikwax. Use it on my ski stuff.
  | 
  | People are ripping on your for the technical difference between
  | 99% waterproof and 100% waterproof. It really doesn't matter in
  | practice since your body is going to sweat _and_ some of that
  | will never, possibly leave the garment you're wearing.
  | 
  | Nikwax is amazing for crossing the threshold of "I'm freezing
  | cold because I keep getting new water on my skin" and "I'm
  | slightly damp, but warm".
 
  | hammock wrote:
  | You are getting dinged on semantics but I'm here to +1 you for
  | Nikwax. Its major competitors, like Gear-X and whatever else
  | all use PFCs, and do not indicate this on the label. While the
  | entire Nikwax portfolio is PFC-free
  | 
  | And yea, when people put sno-seal or whatever else on their
  | winter boots they typically call it "waterproofing" even if
  | it's not technically the same meaning of that word as what you
  | would say about a rain jacket
 
  | adultSwim wrote:
  | I swear by Snoseal. Beewax + cloth or leather has worked well
  | for a very long time.
 
| senderista wrote:
| Not sure if use of recycled materials is responsible, but I
| bought a new Patagonia R1 fleece pullover a few years ago and it
| was utter garbage compared to its 20-year old predecessor
| (technically, same model). Probably the worst-fitting item of
| clothing I own, and the fabric is incredibly uncomfortable.
| Meanwhile, chest zipper on the original has gone out, but it fits
| as well and is just as comfy as the day I bought it.
 
  | postmeta wrote:
  | doesnt patagonia have some repair/lifetime warranty? might be
  | possible to save the old one
 
    | YLE118 wrote:
    | It might be better to find a tailor/repair shop. I lost a
    | favorite pair of ski pants when I sent them in for azipper
    | replacement. Not sure if something got mixed up in the
    | paperwork but I requested they be returned, not replaced if
    | the repair was too expensive/difficult. The pants I got
    | lasted many more years but the others would have too.
    | Unfortunately zippers are just hard to replace if the teeth
    | get damaged. They tend to be sewn in early in the assembly
    | process.
 
  | bamboozled wrote:
  | I have one and I can't compare it to your 20 year old model,
  | but I wear it skiing everday in winter, maybe 140 days of the
  | year, I have fo 3 years and so far it's fine.
 
  | syncsynchalt wrote:
  | A tailor will replace the zipper for you at a reasonable cost.
  | I do this on my motorcycling gear as the zipper is the first to
  | go on leather armor.
 
| bsimpson wrote:
| I recently learned that the thing that makes saranwrap cling to
| things is a derivative of PVC that might not be foodsafe. There's
| a newer formulation that uses a different chemical, but
| apparently doesn't work as well.
 
| stevespang wrote:
 
| hashtag-til wrote:
| Since I watched the movie "Dark Waters", I'm trying to avoid
| those PFO(A|E) as much as I can.
| 
| Threw all non-stick pans away and learnt how to cook with just
| cast iron or inox pans.
| 
| https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_Waters_(2019_film)
 
  | aerojoe23 wrote:
  | Sadly it seems to be everywhere. It even lines the inside of
  | microwave popcorn bags. It also lines the inside of disposable
  | fast food containers very often. I haven't watched the movie
  | you mentioned so I don't know if you know this stuff already.
 
  | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
  | PFOA hasn't been used in the processing of Teflon for pans in
  | nearly a decade.
 
  | blindriver wrote:
  | I ditched them a while ago as well. I only use cast iron or
  | stainless steel and it makes me wonder why I ever bothered with
  | non-stick before.
 
    | DoingIsLearning wrote:
    | Scotch pancakes.
    | 
    | Scotch pancakes is still the one thing I can't cook without
    | non-stick.
    | 
    | If anybody has any tips that doesn't include half a kilo of
    | lard, then I am very interested.
 
      | klyrs wrote:
      | I'd never heard of scotch pancakes, but they look like what
      | we make in north america. I use a cast iron griddle and the
      | swipe of a lightly oiled rag. The trick is to get the
      | griddle to _exactly_ the right temperature before making
      | your pancakes, using drops of batter to make  "test
      | pancakes." The drop should be big enough to get a few
      | bubbles; when the bubbles stop closing in on themselves,
      | the bottom should be a perfect golden brown. It can take
      | several minutes of fidgeting before you dial it in, but if
      | you're cooking with cast iron, that's the whole lesson:
      | over-temperature burns and sticks, under-temperature sticks
      | and burns.
 
      | gregwebs wrote:
      | I use a lot of ghee for pancakes. And then you don't need
      | to put butter on them before eating.
 
    | plasticeagle wrote:
    | Cast iron, stainless steel AND carbon steel.
    | 
    | A carbon steel wok is my favourite cooking implement of all.
    | 
    | Non-stick is not for people who know how to cook.
 
    | RcouF1uZ4gsC wrote:
    | Do you know the chemical composition of your pan's seasoning?
    | There are a decent number of carcinogenic compounds (for
    | example acrylamide) produced just by heating natural foods.
 
    | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
    | > I only use cast iron or stainless steel and it makes me
    | wonder why I ever bothered with non-stick before.
    | 
    | Because they are incredibly useful when it comes to certain
    | kinds of food, especially eggs and fish.
    | 
    | I find all the "self-congratulatory" posts on the topic of
    | non-stick pans, and demonization of people that use them, of
    | the "thou doth protest too much" quality. Tons of renowned
    | chefs, like Jacques Pepin, have spoken of the benefits of
    | non-stick. There are ways to get closer to the quality of
    | non-stick with other techniques (e.g. a meticulously cared
    | for and seasoned cast iron pan), but it takes a lot more work
    | and is still finicky.
    | 
    | I totally get it if you don't want to use a non-stick pan
    | because of health or environmental concerns (I find there
    | isn't much to be concerned about if you're not using too high
    | heat on the pan), but this pretending that non-stick pans
    | aren't super useful is silly. I'd challenge anyone to make a
    | perfectly light and golden French omelette with, say, just
    | butter on a non-nonstick pan (it can obviously be done, it's
    | just way harder).
 
      | harimau777 wrote:
      | What is the difficulty with fish and eggs? I ask because I
      | used to use eggs to deglaze my cast iron skillet. Cook
      | something and then when I'm done cook scrambled eggs in it
      | to soak up all the debris. As a plus side the eggs have the
      | flavor of whatever you're cooking.
      | 
      | (To be clear, I'm really interested in what the issue is.
      | This isn't meant to be asking a question as a form of
      | sarcasm.)
 
        | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
        | There are many egg preparation methods, e.g. a French
        | omelette or over-easy or sunny-side up, where a non-stick
        | surface (and here I mean either a non-stick pan like
        | Teflon or a well-seasoned traditional pan) is essential.
        | Using scrambled eggs to deglaze an iron skillet
        | definitely isn't one of these methods.
 
      | [deleted]
 
      | akira2501 wrote:
      | > especially eggs
      | 
      | Cooking eggs on a stainless pain isn't particularly
      | difficult, you just need to change your technique and use
      | quite a bit more preheating along with more oil or butter
      | than you traditionally would for a non-stick pan. So, it's
      | useful in that sense, but it's not as if we wanted for pan
      | fried eggs before non-stick existed.
 
        | bradlys wrote:
        | > along with more oil or butter than you traditionally
        | would for a non-stick pan
        | 
        | Which means you're trading one health benefit for
        | another.
 
        | version_five wrote:
        | I posted upstream in favor of nonstick pans, but I will
        | say that oil and butter can be part of a perfectly
        | healthy diet. I'm less sure about fluorocarbons
 
        | reissbaker wrote:
        | Making eggs on stainless steel is definitely more
        | difficult... I'd say it's pretty easy with cast iron or
        | carbon steel though, which were the traditional ways to
        | make eggs pre-nonstick pans.
 
        | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
        | Here is the quote from Jacques Pepin about the utility of
        | non-stick, starts at 1:35, https://www.nytimes.com/video/
        | dining/100000001116746/jacques...
        | 
        | Basically, yes, it's certainly possible to get non-stick
        | properties with a well-seasoned, very well-maintained
        | pan. But even someone like Pepin, who has more than
        | enough knowledge and experience to keep a pan in good
        | working order, went the route of "that's too finicky,
        | nonstick is just easier."
 
      | reissbaker wrote:
      | I'm a fairly poor cook and I have to say, the "make a
      | French omelette on a cast iron" challenge is just about the
      | easiest challenge I've ever done. Cast iron + butter is
      | incredibly non-sticky (ditto for carbon steel, which has
      | the same seasoning properties but is thinner). I've read
      | online so many times that French omelettes are The Reason
      | to use nonstick pans; I was shocked when I first tried
      | making one on seasoned carbon steel. It just didn't stick
      | at all. I suppose it makes sense, though: how else were
      | French omelettes made prior to the invention of Teflon?
      | 
      | And my first attempt was just on a cheap pre-seasoned Lodge
      | pan and it worked like a dream. It's not particularly
      | finicky and didn't require meticulous labor -- the
      | seasoning is way less physically delicate than nonstick
      | coatings.
 
        | christophilus wrote:
        | What brand of pans do you recommend?
 
        | reissbaker wrote:
        | Lodge is reasonably good and cheap for both cast iron and
        | carbon steel -- they're a bit less pretty than the
        | higher-end stuff because they have the pebbly look of
        | unsanded steel, but in practice it doesn't make a huge
        | difference for cooking. Solidteknics pre-seasoned pans
        | are amazing, but pricier, and are a nice hybrid between
        | cast iron and carbon steel (and they're smooth, like
        | vintage cast iron / carbon steel).
        | 
        | In general I would recommend buying pre-seasoned pans --
        | the initial seasoning is the laborious part, but with
        | pre-seasoned pans you just skip all of that. Maintaining
        | seasoning is pretty easy, it's basically just "use the
        | pan" and "don't put the pan in the dishwasher." If it
        | looks like it's getting old or messed up, just wipe a
        | tiny bit of oil on it and cook at high heat.
        | 
        | Personally I also think carbon steel (or Solidteknics
        | "wrought iron") are better than cast iron -- they're
        | lighter, heat up faster and more evenly, and they're
        | still pretty durable. But they're a bit more expensive,
        | and they all are similarly not-sticky.
 
      | hedora wrote:
      | We do crepes and eggs on some old lodge ware cast iron
      | skillet.
      | 
      | Behold my l33t level 10 cookware maintenance skillz:
      | 
      | We got it on sale for like $20, new, but then I
      | accidentally left outside for a few years, which created
      | some rust spots.
      | 
      | I fixed it by hitting it with a stainless steel pot
      | scrubber and dawn for about 120 seconds, then put it in the
      | oven at 350F with some canola oil on it for about an hour.
      | 
      | These days, I scrub it with a nylon brush (no soap) or wipe
      | it out with a paper towel.
      | 
      | I've never been able to do a decent crepe or egg in non
      | stick, due to uneven heating.
      | 
      |  _shrug_
 
      | topaz0 wrote:
      | I have a fantastic antique dutch enameled cast iron
      | omelette pan. It is amazing.
 
      | version_five wrote:
      | I threw out all our nonstick stuff after I observed the
      | coating routinely coming off into food.
      | 
      | The exception is for eggs, we have a dedicated pan we only
      | use for them, and although I've just read the other
      | comments here about how easy it is to fry an egg in other
      | pans, I find it goes much better in nonstick. And only
      | frying eggs + using a plastic spatula seems to pretty much
      | eliminate any wear on the coating.
 
        | switchbak wrote:
        | I polished up a lodge cast iron pan to get a smooth
        | finish, seasoned it properly with grape seed oil, and
        | cook with butter. It works so well, it feels like I'm
        | using a non-stick pan.
        | 
        | Not sure why, but using a little butter instead of oil
        | seemed to be the key.
 
        | kaybe wrote:
        | I wouldn't trust plastic in a pan.
 
    | bushbaba wrote:
    | Because in the early 2000s there was a war on natural fats.
    | Nutritionists declared all fat bad. We now know that to not
    | be the case.
    | 
    | Your stainless steel, high carbon steel, and cast iron pans
    | require using a small amount of oil/butter to have nonstick
    | cooking properties.
 
      | wolverine876 wrote:
      | > in the early 2000s there was a war on natural fats.
      | Nutritionists declared all fat bad. We now know that to not
      | be the case.
      | 
      | Saturated fats were and remain to be generally thought
      | unhealthy (if we say things like 'all' or 'always', we're
      | almost certainly spreading misinformation; the world
      | doesn't work that way). Other fats (polyunsaturates and
      | monounsaturates) are believed to be healthy or neutral.
      | There is ongoing uncertainty and debate; the degrees and
      | nuances change; we don't get sure, hyperbolic answers.
      | 
      | https://www.heart.org/en/healthy-living/healthy-
      | eating/eat-s...
      | 
      | https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/29/well/fda-healthy-
      | food.htm...
      | 
      | https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/29/well/good-fats-bad-
      | fats.h...
      | 
      | I'm not a grammar and spelling critic, but I'm going to be
      | a style critic here (sorry to the parent; lots of people
      | write this way): Hyperbole commonly leads to
      | misinformation. 'War', 'all fat', 'nutritionists declared',
      | 'bad' etc. divert us to an emotional, adversarial contest
      | with a strawperson enemy, rather than into the pursuit of
      | truth, whose object is always nuanced and whose pursuit is
      | difficult enough as it is.
 
      | hombre_fatal wrote:
      | They weren't completely wrong about fats, we just know
      | there's a difference between saturated fats and unsaturated
      | fats now. Don't throw the baby out.
      | 
      | Canola oil looks like a superfood when you swap butter for
      | it in the literature.
 
        | dragonwriter wrote:
        | > They weren't completely wrong about fats, we just know
        | there's a difference between saturated fats and
        | unsaturated fats now.
        | 
        | We knew that in the early 2000s, too. And in the early
        | 1990s, which is more when when the war on fats was
        | actually happening; by the early '00s, the diet trend had
        | focused on low-carb diets, reversing the war on fats.
 
        | [deleted]
 
        | hombre_fatal wrote:
        | Good point. You can find research that links saturated
        | fat to increased blood cholesterol back in the 1950s.
        | 
        | Perhaps it's only a reminder how much the zeitgeist may
        | be divorced from science, or how little impact the latter
        | actually has on the former unless it's convenient. Though
        | that's for another discussion.
 
      | dragonwriter wrote:
      | > Because in the early 2000s there was a war on natural
      | fats.
      | 
      | Non-stick was popular well before the early 2000s, its
      | popularity is not due to any "war on natural fats" that
      | occurred at that time. (And the early '00s is late for
      | that, anyway.)
      | 
      | Non-stick is (and has been for a long time) most popular
      | for particular forms of cooking that _use_ natural fats,
      | whereas particular steel designs (sometimes referred to as
      | "waterless" because of their properties in other
      | applications) were specifically promoted (including in the
      | early 2000s, though they were around before and remain on
      | the market now) as eliminating the need to use fats as one
      | would with conventional and non-stick cookware.
 
      | alostpuppy wrote:
      | I have trouble with stainless. What's the trick? Do you use
      | cast iron for skillets and stainless for slice pans?
 
        | Our_Benefactors wrote:
        | The trick is get the pan hot (not smoking hot, you've
        | preheated too much), then put 1-2tbsp butter or cooking
        | oil in the pan and spread it around. It should sizzle a
        | bit and then mostly disappear, leaving behind a nonstick
        | coating.
 
        | devadvance wrote:
        | For stainless, I've found it to be a combination of
        | making sure there's enough heat before adding food, being
        | OK with using a bit more fat (e.g., oil, butter) than I
        | initially expect, using the right utensil while cooking,
        | and deglazing as necessary.
 
        | bushbaba wrote:
        | I use stainless for acidic foods (e.g. tomato sauces) and
        | frying eggs. I use cast iron for pancakes, meats, and
        | other items that benefit from the pan not being a
        | perfectly flat texture or heat retention.
        | 
        | If I had to have a single pan, I'd probably go high
        | carbon steel.
 
  | kragen wrote:
  | that movie is fiction
  | 
  | probably neither any kind of fiction, nor any kind of movies,
  | but least of all fictional movies, are a good source for
  | information about scientific facts, toxicology, or risk
  | assessment
 
    | monetus wrote:
    | It is a dramatization of a real story, one that happened to
    | be testified to in congress not long before the movie came
    | out. Please take people in good faith.
 
      | kragen wrote:
      | i don't think the grandparent poster is posting in bad
      | faith, i just think they're getting their information about
      | that real story from an intentionally unreliable source
      | 
      | movies lie to you on purpose to manipulate your emotions
      | 
      | there are lots of reliable information sources about
      | pollution risks, like mmwr, the cochrane collaboration,
      | msds, toxicology textbooks, wikipedia, epa assessments, and
      | so on
      | 
      | there is no need to make yourself dumber by believing
      | movies
 
  | NaturalPhallacy wrote:
  | There's also a documentary on netflix about it:
  | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Devil_We_Know
  | 
  | I grew up in the area during the worst of the dumping. It
  | destroyed basically all of my baby teeth and created cavities
  | in a couple of adult teeth that no dentist has ever seen
  | before. None of us at the time understood why it was happening.
  | I had so many teeth basically just crumble that I had steel
  | caps on one with a spacer where another was missing. Both my
  | parents assumed it was something I was doing/poor care when I
  | was at the other one's house. Turns out it was the goddamn
  | water supply.
  | 
  | My stepdad actually worked at the plant long enough to retire
  | from there too. I think he had mesothelioma from asbestos, or
  | god knows what from the plant.
  | 
  | A lot of people in the area were heavily contaminated:
  | https://www.uc.edu/news/articles/legacy/healthnews/2017/05/h...
 
  | simonebrunozzi wrote:
  | Thanks.
  | 
  | Side note: I wish HN would change Wikipedia links to desktop by
  | default. It seems most people post the mobile version. It is a
  | bit annoying, because when you are on mobile, a desktop version
  | gets switched to mobile by wikipedia; but if you are on
  | desktop, you end up with a mobile version which is not
  | optimized for desktop reading.
 
    | orhmeh09 wrote:
    | You can accomplish this with user scripts on mobile and on
    | any desktop browser.
 
    | suprjami wrote:
    | I've seen browser extensions which intentionally change to
    | the mobile URL on desktop. Some people consider it the
    | superior interface.
    | 
    | Ironically the whole thing should be done with CSS, not with
    | different URLs. That's such an old concept. Shows how
    | outdated Mediawiki is. But make sure you donate to Wikipedia
    | today! lol
 
      | bawolff wrote:
      | Hey now, you can do that with mediawiki if you want (e.g.
      | https://en.wikipedia.org/?useskin=timeless ), for some
      | reasons wikipedia/WMF decided they did not want to. Not
      | mediawiki's fault.
 
    | ZoomerCretin wrote:
    | I filed a ticket with Wikipedia about this exact issue years
    | ago. I get pinged every other year when a new ticket is
    | merged with it. Apparently, some journalist wrote an article
    | years ago about mobile Wikipedia being a better experience on
    | desktop, and now they refuse to do anything about it.
    | 
    | All you can do now is get an extension that redirects you.
    | https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/redirect-
    | mobi...
 
      | bawolff wrote:
      | Bug tickets are generally not the place where political
      | decisions get overturned, so you will probably be waiting a
      | long time.
 
    | skybrian wrote:
    | I'm comparing the desktop and mobile links in Chrome on
    | desktop. The mobile link is missing sidebars, some menu items
    | are hidden behind a hamburger icon, and the margins are
    | wider. Perhaps navigation to some other pages would be
    | harder.
    | 
    | But so what? For the purposes of reading an encyclopedia
    | article, it's perfectly readable. The mobile page is better
    | than most desktop web pages out there.
 
  | clolege wrote:
  | I was gifted a nice Our Place pan set for Christmas which uses
  | Ceramic nonstick [0]. Ceramic nonstick doesn't use PFOAs or
  | PTFEs so some people think it's safe.
  | 
  | From Our Place's FAQ [1]:
  | 
  | > our Always Pan uses a sol-gel non-stick coating that is made
  | primarily from silicon dioxide which is known in the cookware
  | industry as "ceramic non-stick." It's tested not only to the
  | standards of a ceramic coating (meaning no heavy metals are
  | able to pass through the coating) but also tested to the
  | standards of a polymeric coating (which means that absolutely
  | nothing can pass through the coating).
  | 
  | They seem to be refuting that things can pass through the
  | coating, but isn't the concern more around the coating itself
  | leaching into the food? And the claims around impermeability of
  | the coating go out the window once it wears down too, right?
  | 
  | I'd love to believe that these pans are safe. But is it just
  | wishful thinking until more extensive testing has been done?
  | 
  | [0] https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-stick_surface#Ceramic
  | 
  | [1] https://fromourplace.com/pages/faqs
 
    | hedora wrote:
    | I'm reasonably sure non-stick ceramic pans are unsafe. They
    | are certainly disposable, and misleadingly marketed. Also,
    | the stuff under the coating should be cookware grade iron. It
    | is fine if that leaches through. Why are they concerned about
    | heavy metals leaching through? Is manufacturing leading to
    | lead contamination or something?!?
    | 
    | There is an older technology that involves coating cast iron
    | with actual ceramic. It is non-stick "enough", lasts
    | generations and is safe. Example (high end) manufacturer:
    | 
    | https://www.lecreuset.com/
 
| jkqwzsoo wrote:
| Thinking about it for a minute, I'm not sure why we need
| fluoropolymers for waterproof technical fabrics. Unless I'm very
| much mistaken, PDMS rubber, polypropylene, polyethylene, and
| other materials provide similar levels of water resistance,
| without requiring the use of fluorine-containing compounds. Most
| explanations I read for Gor-Tex-type materials using PTFE (e.g.,
| [0]) reference the hydrophobicity of the material, which is (IMO)
| similar to explaining why cars are powered by rockets because
| rockets are very fast. Cars are, of course, not typically powered
| by rockets because it is not necessary.
| 
| PDMS rubber, polypropylene, polyethylene, and PTFE all have very
| high water contact angles (a measure of the strength of
| interaction of water and the surface) and low water uptake [1]. I
| work with a stretched polypropylene film (Celgard -- a material
| that is often used as a support/spacer material in Li-ion
| batteries) and it's extremely hydrophobic. I used a piece of this
| film to build a bubble trap ([2]), for example (bubble traps
| typically use PTFE membranes...). It is not optimized for water
| resistance, so it does wet eventually, but it's pretty good for
| "not trying". Surfaces coated with PDMS (or glass coated with
| short PDMS chains -- i.e., silanized glass [3]) are extremely
| hydrophobic.
| 
| The only time I personally use PTFE (or PFA, MFA, FEP, or ETFE)
| is when I need materials to be resistant (including both
| resistance to chemical degradation as well as swelling) to strong
| organic solvents (like NMP, THF, etc.) or strong acids and bases
| (like piranha, aqua regia, or a nitrating solution). These
| conditions are unlikely to be encountered while cycling.
| 
| This all said, I'm not an expert on the design of Gor-Tex type
| materials. However, I assume it is highly related to the pore
| structure of the materials to prevent liquid water intrusion (the
| same as for membranes designed for membrane distillation). Given
| the similar hydrophobicity of these materials, it seems like it
| should be possible to produce similar results with PP, PE, etc.
| And this is all before introducing the ability of nanomaterials
| and nanopatterning (perhaps transferred with imprint lithography
| [4]) to produce metastable ultrahydrophobicity [5] on the surface
| of materials.
| 
| [0] https://www.sungodtech.com/how-much-do-you-know-about-
| ptfe-w..., https://outdoorguru.com/how-to-en/how-does-waterproof-
| and-br... [1] https://www.accudynetest.com/polytable_03.html,
| https://omnexus.specialchem.com/polymer-properties/propertie...
| [2]
| https://static.wixstatic.com/media/ec0ae9_aacc723ea77d46619d...
| [3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silanization [4]
| https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsomega.8b03138 [5]
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wetting#Cassie-Baxter_model
 
  | exmadscientist wrote:
  | As the article says (see also this comment
  | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33856967 ), that's exactly
  | the direction they're planning to head. Given that their PE
  | membrane isn't on the market yet, there must be some R&D issue
  | or other, but that's life in R&D.
 
  | qbasic_forever wrote:
  | There are polypropylene waterproof fabrics, particularly Frogg
  | Toggs brand gear is popular in the ultralight world:
  | https://www.froggtoggsraingear.com/technology.shtm
  | 
  | They're good jackets in my experience--truly waterproof and
  | breathable like goretex, and very inexpensive. They are very
  | very fragile though and easily rip or tear open from any sharp
  | objects, like getting poked with a branch. As I understand it's
  | basically like tyvek house wrap material but made into a more
  | flexible material for clothes. Goretex stuff is more durable in
  | my experience.
 
  | twic wrote:
  | PTFE also repels oil. That means that the holes in the face
  | fabric and the pores in the membrane don't get clogged up with
  | oil from the wearer's body. Do those other polymers have that
  | property? I honestly have no idea how significant this is
  | compared to the hydrophobicity though.
 
| TrispusAttucks wrote:
| I am not optimistic about the future of sustainable specialized
| materials.
| 
| It seems very likely that the same structures that give modern
| high tech materials their unique abilities are the same ones that
| make them so environmentally unfriendly.
 
  | nwah1 wrote:
  | We are in the middle of a biotech revolution. Figuring out how
  | to scale up bioengineered materials is a likely source of
  | impressive materials.
  | 
  | Nature is full of stuff like spider silk, chitin, bone,
  | phosphorescent materials, sponges,etc.
 
    | bowsamic wrote:
    | Natural things usually decay quickly though. Often they
    | involve some kind of biological factory that continuously
    | grows new biomaterial
 
    | mnky9800n wrote:
    | Scaling things always seems to be the thing that takes from
    | the environment.
 
    | BurningFrog wrote:
    | "Natural" materials can be just as toxic as manufactures
    | ones.
 
      | acdha wrote:
      | Yes, but it's less common to have completely unknown
      | effects and from the perspective of pollution they have the
      | desirable property of being broken down quickly when
      | discarded or if bits flake off during normal use. That
      | still doesn't mean you can't overload the ecosystem but it
      | does mean that problems can self-correct more.
 
        | nwah1 wrote:
        | The natural/synthetic distinction is arbitrary, but you
        | are both right.
        | 
        | The correct approach would be to get more granular and
        | specify that we only want to elininate chemicals, whether
        | natural or synthetic, that do not break down or are
        | toxic.
        | 
        | If you find a natural source of PFAS ("forever
        | chemicals") then it isn't any better.
 
    | elric wrote:
    | I remember reading something about the trillions of chiken
    | bones we discard annually are something of a problem. "The
    | dose makes the poison" seems to apply to the environment as
    | much as it does to the individual.
 
      | akiselev wrote:
      | That doesn't make much sense. Every atom of calcium in a
      | chicken bone came from a field somewhere that now has to be
      | augmented with more calcium. The easiest way to supply that
      | calcium is to grind up the chicken bones and sprinkle them
      | on the fields - if you go to a garden center you'll find
      | tons of products that list "bonemeal" as an ingredient.
      | Since chickens require 3-5x their biomass in food and
      | calcium in their meat is digested, there will never be
      | enough bones to replenish the calcium used to feed them.
      | 
      | I find it hard to believe that the meat industry throws
      | their bones away instead of selling them back to the
      | fertilizer manufacturers that supply their feed vendors.
      | Only chicken bones thrown in the landfill by consumers are
      | lost and these are hardly a problem compared to the volume
      | of other crap we discard.
 
        | nwah1 wrote:
        | Matter is neither created nor destroyed. The atomes in
        | the landfill are also still available to be reclaimed.
 
      | kwhitefoot wrote:
      | What does 'discarded' mean here? The end user discards them
      | but that does not require that they are dumped. They can be
      | crushed, composted, used as feedstock for some other
      | process, etc.
 
        | TrispusAttucks wrote:
        | So much waste goes to landfill when they could be inputs
        | to other bio processes. The scale of waste is insane.
        | 
        | "This equates to each household in NYC wasting an average
        | of 8.4 pounds of food per week." [1]
        | 
        | Each household could feed a flock of 7 chickens with that
        | household waste.
        | 
        | [0] https://www.rts.com/blog/nyc-waste-statistics-what-
        | you-need-...
 
      | vanniv wrote:
      | trillions of kg/yr of _anything_ will effect the
      | environment in _some way_ , since "the environment" is just
      | the emergent properties of all of the things in the earth
      | system and trillions of kg/yr of stuff is a lot of stuff.
      | If you added (or removed) 10^12 kg of water (or literally
      | anything else) to the planet, it would change the
      | environment in detectable ways.
 
        | meindnoch wrote:
        | >10^12 kg of water
        | 
        | That's exactly 1 km^3 of water. The Earth has
        | 1,386,000,000 km^3 of surface water.
        | 
        | I don't think increasing the amount of water by
        | ~0.00000007% would be noticeable.
 
        | burnished wrote:
        | It would probably mess up any km^2 of inhabited landmass.
 
      | CydeWeys wrote:
      | Curious what the problem is? Animals with bones have
      | existed for hundreds of millions of years. The environment
      | knows what to do with them. PFCs by contrast do not exist
      | naturally in the world and they act as a toxin in the
      | environment.
 
        | fpoling wrote:
        | The problem is the concentration that nature has never
        | experienced before. Alcohol is natural but in
        | concentrations that required distilling is a poison.
        | 
        | Or in Norway it turned out throwing into fjords pieces of
        | stones that are a by-product of quarry is very
        | problematic. It releases into water copper and other
        | metals within years poisoning plants and fish. Through
        | natural weathering it takes thousands of years to release
        | the same amount.
 
        | vlabakje90 wrote:
        | Never before has there been a time where billions of
        | chickens were killed each year. The dose make the poison.
 
        | aziaziazi wrote:
        | Around 200 billions chickens are slaughtered each year,
        | not sure how that compare with their population during
        | previous hundreds millions of years.
 
        | karlkeefer wrote:
        | I can't speak to the actual problems from chicken bones,
        | but scale may be part of the explanation.
        | 
        | We are producing something like 50 billion chickens for
        | slaughter every year. I don't think that estimate
        | includes laying hens or culled males, either. The scale
        | of chicken production is bonkers relative to natural bird
        | populations.
        | 
        | The most abundant wild bird species is on the order of
        | 1.5 billion. They are sparrow-sized and that's not their
        | annual number.
        | 
        | Framed animals dwarf wild mammals and wild birds by mass:
        | 
        | https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/08/total-biomass-
        | weight-...
 
        | giantg2 wrote:
        | In theory, scale shouldn't be an issue. After all, you
        | need enough farms to produce feed for those animals. It's
        | just a matter of processing those by products into
        | fertilizer and distributing it over the massive area that
        | is used for crop production.
        | 
        | Although industrial farming could be considered an
        | environmental problem, regardless of the chickens.
 
        | BurningFrog wrote:
        | Replacing those 50 billion chickens with "lab grown"
        | meat, will bring huge changes the next few decades.
 
  | JadeNB wrote:
  | > It seems very likely that the same structures that give
  | modern high tech materials their unique abilities are the same
  | ones that make them so environmentally unfriendly.
  | 
  | This certainly seems _plausible_ , but on what basis do you
  | find it _likely_?
 
  | WillPostForFood wrote:
  | People want to own a dream. Buy it for life, effective,
  | durable, but also easily compostable! Very cheap, but hand made
  | by workers paid a living wage with fair trade materials
  | imported from pro-LQBTQIA green democracies.
 
    | stainforth wrote:
    | Everything is permitted if its commerce. The right for a
    | business to exist supersedes the right for a human to exist.
    | There is no cause and effect, only commerce. The market is
    | the only thing that exists. Markets will still exist after
    | the end of men.
 
  | vanniv wrote:
  | Given our ever-expanding definition of "environmentally
  | unfriendly" and our ever-contracting definition of
  | "sustainable", I'm actually not sure that _anything_ actually
  | makes the cut in the long run.
  | 
  | Everything "effects the environment" in some way, after all.
 
    | myself248 wrote:
    | This is more or less the argument of various population-
    | reduction advocates. There's simply no way, with current or
    | foreseeable technology, to sustain 8 billion humans AND still
    | have a planet left a few centuries later.
    | 
    | If we want there to be humans in the far, far future, more of
    | us need to start going childfree NOW, and encouraging others
    | to do so, AND working on sustainable ways to have a decent
    | standard of living without eviscerating the Earth.
 
      | vanniv wrote:
      | The problem being that everybody always wants to force
      | _someone else_ to be the one to have no children and a
      | crappy standard of living, while _they_ get to be one of
      | the people selected to remain.
 
    | DoneWithAllThat wrote:
    | Welcome to the degrowth mindset, where anything that
    | represents technological innovation by mankind is perforce
    | evil and must be stamped out.
 
| bamboozled wrote:
| Has anyone tried wax cotton? https://www.fjallraven.com/us/en-
| us/about/our-materials/g100...
| 
| I have some items from Fjallraven which is made from a
| cotton/pollyester blend and I find it to be amazingly breathable
| and water resistant (when waxed).
| 
| The thing is, I own so much waterproof gear but I hardly do a
| great amount of anything in the actual rain, even if hiking or
| camping, I usually avoid wet weather, I suspect a log of people
| do?
| 
| I spend a lot of time in the snow but the was cotton works fine
| for snow.
 
  | fingerlocks wrote:
  | Cotton retains water. It's the worst possible fabric for wet
  | weather. Many people have died from hypothermia caused by their
  | own sweat freezing in cotton garments. It could be argued that
  | the entire motivation for creating synthetic fabrics is to
  | eliminate the water soaking property of cotton.
 
  | lnauta wrote:
  | I have a jacket from that brand and you can put the greenland
  | wax on it. This fall, when it got rainy I started applying it
  | layer by layer to find how much you need and for vertical parts
  | one or two is good enough. For elbows, shoulders and such,
  | places that get really wet, at least five layers made it that
  | being in the rain for 30 minutes is fine. This is about 1/4 of
  | the wax bar. I hope I'm doing it right though!
 
| jmclnx wrote:
| "All" is a bit over the top. I have Carradice bags and a Poncho
| and they work fine. I have ridden in very heavy rain without
| issues.
 
  | OJFord wrote:
  | I have a Carradice poncho too, love it, but I think we're just
  | in a different market segment; it's perhaps 'all' to an every-
  | last-gram-shaving more 'cycle _sport_ ' audience.
  | 
  | (I also have a couple of pairs of brandless rubber galoshes
  | that would be unaffected. They're waterproof but I actually
  | wear/wore (when I was cycle-commuting) them year-round - more
  | to protect leather soles from the pedals than uppers from the
  | rain.)
 
  | peletiah wrote:
  | For how long though?
 
    | jmclnx wrote:
    | Not sure what you mean for how long, but I have not has
    | issues riding all day.
 
| ck2 wrote:
| Maybe we can mimic some of the effects found in nature without
| chemicals and make hydrophobic surfaces based on their nano-level
| properties?
| 
| Or like ducks use preen oil, something closer to that.
 
  | p1mrx wrote:
  | Isn't nature made of chemicals?
 
    | epgui wrote:
    | It is, and you're totally correct to point that out. Also
    | "you know what he meant" is not a good reason to downvote
    | you, because no, nobody knows what is meant by "chemical" if
    | it isn't literally "chemical".
    | 
    | One could guess that they meant "synthetic chemical", as if
    | that was somehow meaningfully different than a "natural
    | chemical", but it's not and it's just as wrong.
 
      | profile53 wrote:
      | In most casual English conversation, "chemical" is implied
      | as "[man made] chemical", though I will admit that may not
      | be obvious to people for whom English is not a first
      | language. It's obvious to (almost) any native speaker what
      | is being said, and to willfully ignore that is to be
      | pedantic for the sake of arguing.
 
        | lotsofpulp wrote:
        | Is the fact that something is man made a problem?
 
        | thaumasiotes wrote:
        | For many people, yes. It's also a very common belief that
        | one and the same state of the environment is bad if
        | traceable to human actions, but good otherwise.
        | 
        | The working premise in many environmental discussions is
        | that humans carry an inherent moral taint and whatever
        | they do creates a problem that needs to be corrected,
        | because it came from an evil source, regardless of
        | whether the resulting state of the world is good or bad.
 
        | burnished wrote:
        | I don't think this is a good explanation. Look for a
        | sibling comment from acdha for a better explanation.
 
        | buzzerbetrayed wrote:
        | I don't think that is what people are suggesting. Rather,
        | man made is unknown. At least the long term affects are.
        | We can confidently say that natural chemicals, even if
        | they're bad for you, likely won't have a giant,
        | unexpected impact on the world. Whereas there are a lot
        | of man-made chemicals that are likely harmless. But less
        | is know about the long term affects of injecting it in to
        | all of earth's various natural systems.
 
        | acdha wrote:
        | Often, yes: novel compounds can have side effects which
        | take years to understand (e.g. DDT'a impact on bird
        | populations lasted past the point where its effectiveness
        | was rapidly tapering) and depending on what
        | characteristics something was picked for you can end up
        | with something which doesn't biodegrade and is thus a
        | long-term problem if it doesn't turn out to be harmless.
 
        | epgui wrote:
        | The fact that these are man-made is irrelevant to their
        | harmful effects and framing it as if it was contributes
        | to the persistence of the natural fallacy.
 
        | acdha wrote:
        | The natural fallacy application doesn't seem appropriate:
        | the problem isn't where they were produced but rather
        | that they've never before been part of the ecosystem.
        | We'd have the same concerns if these novel chemicals were
        | introduced by meteors or something but that's extremely
        | rare whereas chemists produce a wide range of compounds
        | every year.
 
        | epgui wrote:
        | That's exactly what I'm saying. But the context is that
        | most people operate with heuristics of the natural
        | fallacy type. Hence this is not mere pedantry for
        | pedantry's sake, the intention is to provide an actually-
        | helpful clarification/correction.
 
        | profile53 wrote:
        | It's a good question and in my opinion, it depends
        | entirely on the compound.
        | 
        | But that wasn't the point of my comment. I am calling out
        | people being pedantic and nitpicky just to argue, instead
        | of recognizing the very obvious intent of the great-grand
        | parent's comment and debating something with merits, like
        | whether man made chemicals are inherently bad.
 
        | c1ccccc1 wrote:
        | So which of the following count as "man made" chemicals?
        | 
        | Alcohol or vinegar from humans intentionally fermenting
        | things?
        | 
        | A metallic aluminum alloy?
        | 
        | Sulfuric acid (which sometimes occurs naturally)?
        | 
        | Turpentine?
        | 
        | Soda-lime glass?
        | 
        | I get that it generally refers to substances that are
        | more on the very artificial side, requiring advanced
        | knowledge of chemistry to produce, and to have a
        | connotation of harmfulness / toxicity. But it's not at
        | all obvious what the speaker would consider to be a
        | "chemical" because that varies from speaker to speaker.
 
        | epgui wrote:
        | The fact that it's man-made is irrelevant. It's not so
        | much about the English language as it is about basic
        | science literacy.
 
  | persedes wrote:
  | Mushrooms have a protein that can do so on their outer layers
  | (hydrophobin). Worked in a biotech company that was researching
  | it, not sure what came out of it.
 
    | justin66 wrote:
    | They... kept their employees in the dark?
    | 
    | It certainly seems likely we'll find some good alternatives
    | with biology.
 
  | elric wrote:
  | For most regular activities, old fashioned things like wool
  | coats, oiled leather, or waxed cotton work remarkably well.
  | Waterproofing imo is only a major issue if you're having to
  | save on weight/space (and cost, I guess). It's hard to run 10k
  | in a wool greatcoat in the rain.
 
    | hinkley wrote:
    | Wicking base layers work pretty damned well. Cyclists did
    | that for ages. When we could finally afford polypropylene is
    | was a godsend. Way cheaper than goretex.
 
    | robocat wrote:
    | > regular activities
    | 
    | The last time I wore a heavy wool greatcoat in solid rain
    | while walking, it stayed dry for a while, but got much
    | heavier as it took up water, then started soaking through on
    | the shoulders after about an hour. Admittedly it is antique
    | and I'm guessing it has lost its original waterproofing
    | (lanolin?).
    | 
    | Oiled fabrics like a traditional stockman's jacket can last a
    | working day, but they weight a lot relatively, they need
    | occasional re-waterproofing if used, and are not particularly
    | cheap: https://drizabone.com.au/search?q=Oilskin
 
      | throwaway892238 wrote:
      | Yep - the original waterproof fabrics were oilskin, waxed
      | cotton, and leather. They've mostly been replaced by PU
      | coatings, though you might still go for the old school
      | stuff for abrasion-resistance.
 
  | mc32 wrote:
  | There is already an XVIII century technology and WWII
  | popularized option called millerain. But it requires some
  | maintenance and isn't "light" as preferred by cyclists and
  | runners.
 
    | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
    | Odd choice. Writing "18th" is faster for the writer and the
    | reader.
 
      | kwhitefoot wrote:
      | Perhaps it's my age but I don't find Roman numerals
      | noticeably slower to read than Arabic for the usual use
      | case of recent centuries.
 
      | pstuart wrote:
      | I'm guessing it played well with the WWII lettering.
 
      | justsomehnguy wrote:
      | > is faster for the writer
      | 
      | For the whole letter?
      | 
      | > reader
      | 
      | Only if the reader completely unfamiliar with Roman
      | numbering system. I didn't even thought about it until I
      | saw your comment. _Get off my lawn, son?_
 
      | burnished wrote:
      | Yeah, but XVIII has a certain appeal to it that your way
      | just can't match.
 
    | coffeebeqn wrote:
    | Yeah wax was used to make tents waterproof as well. But it's
    | quite a bit heavier than plastic thread
 
      | mc32 wrote:
      | Yep. People will have to put more work into things. But
      | it's that or these toxic options as of now.
 
| noja wrote:
| Will the replacement for PFC be something very similar that is
| equally dangerous?
 
  | meindnoch wrote:
  | It will be something that turns out to be a
  | carcinogen/endocrine disruptor 20 years from now.
 
    | noasaservice wrote:
    | I know you're being sardonic... but it will likely be another
    | fluorine based chemistry that is hopefully more biocompatible
    | (flush out of body easily), and not cause undue harm.
    | 
    | The perfluro- line of chemicals are quite amazing.. if it
    | werent for them being completely obnoxious and stay in the
    | body like lead.
 
      | contravariant wrote:
      | What is it that makes fluorine added to carbon chains so
      | much more versatile? I kind of get why carbon is so
      | versatile, but what is that makes fluorine so special and
      | why can't some other potentially less harmful halogen do
      | the job?
      | 
      | Edit: Ah adding chlorine destroys the ozon layer, what's
      | why.
 
        | comicjk wrote:
        | Fluorine forms the strongest bonds to carbon that are
        | available (much stronger than a carbon-carbon or carbon-
        | hydrogen bond, also stronger than carbon-chlorine). It
        | acts like an immovable stub preventing further reactions,
        | which is great for materials like nonstick coatings, but
        | also prevents natural breakdown in the environment.
 
  | hammock wrote:
  | What some of the industry has been doing is switching to
  | shorter chain PFCs... eg C6 instead of C8 which have a shorter
  | half-life in the environment (and presumably the body). They
  | are toxic but less so.
  | 
  | As for the PFC-free DWR membranes that apparel makers have been
  | using, I don't know enough about them but I don't believe them
  | to be toxic per se.
 
    | hedora wrote:
    | From the article (so, the replacement is not just another
    | equally bad chemical with an acronym that starts with "PF"):
    | 
    |  _When it comes to Gore Fabrics, it has actually telegraphed
    | its next move, at least to an extent. Back in September, a
    | press release went out but never got much traction. I
    | remember it coming through my inbox at the time and the title
    | "Introducing New Gore-Tex Products with Innovative Expanded
    | Polyethylene (ePE) Membrane for AW22" didn't exactly catch my
    | eye. I sent an email out to Gorewear and asked about it, but
    | there was nothing to test and it fell off my radar._
    | 
    |  _As it turns out, that press release was a big deal.
    | Expanded polyethylene is the future of the Gore product line.
    | Like existing products, it 's available as a three-layer
    | fabric with a membrane-embedded between an inner and outer
    | face fabric. It still carries the "Guaranteed To Keep You
    | Dry" promise and it's still a microporous breathable design.
    | What's different is that it is free of PFC [ed. Per-
    | fluorinated compounds] and half the weight for footwear and
    | clothing. It's currently unavailable in any cycling product,
    | so for now, it's a waiting game to see how it performs._
 
      | hammock wrote:
      | I wasn't too clear but I kind of switched topic from the
      | membrane to the DWR coating to give an adjacent example of
      | how the industry has approached reducing PFCs.
      | 
      | ePE refers to a replacement of the ePTFE membrane (which,
      | in a 3 layer piece, is sandwiched between the liner and
      | outer shell). That's not what I'm referring to.
      | 
      | What I'm referring to is the DWR coating on the outer shell
      | (that keeps the membrane from "wetting out"). Traditionally
      | it was PFCs but there are non-PFC options now
      | 
      | The ePE membrane sounds cool though, if it works
 
  | kragen wrote:
  | no, there just isn't a replacement for perfluorocarbons, that's
  | all
  | 
  | perfluorocarbons themselves are among the least dangerous
  | materials in the world, but the materials used to make them are
  | very nasty indeed
 
    | CameronNemo wrote:
    | TFA mentions Gore is putting a lot of money into R&D for PFA
    | alternatives. They may fail, not sure if that is what you
    | meant. But they will certainly try.
 
      | kragen wrote:
      | no other class of materials is anywhere close to
      | perfluorocarbons in many properties, such as low affinity
      | for both hydrocarbons and water, and ultraviolet resistance
      | coupled with softness
      | 
      | additionally such levels of resistance to biodegradation
      | are rarely found in combination with either of the previous
      | two qualities
      | 
      | no other known organic compounds, out of the currently 182
      | million assigned cas numbers, are as thermally stable
      | 
      | we are not talking about the kind of research and
      | development that a company can carry out over a
      | commercially viable timescale; we're talking about
      | fundamental breakthroughs in material engineering
      | 
      | perfluorocarbons were discovered almost a century ago, and
      | nothing equaling or exceeding their properties in these
      | ways has been discovered since
      | 
      | moreover, there are fundamental reasons to suspect that
      | nothing ever will be; fluorine is the most electronegative
      | element that exists or ever will exist, if we restrict
      | ourselves to ordinary atomic matter, and there aren't any
      | plausible room-temperature substitutes for carbon chains in
      | this role either
      | 
      | so it wouldn't be surprising if the company tries to palm
      | off inferior polyethylene substitutes as 'gore-tex' in
      | preference to just declaring defeat, but it's not plausible
      | that they're going to discover an equivalent or better non-
      | perfluorocarbon alternative within the next decade or two
      | 
      | this is science, not magic
      | 
      | some things are just impossible
 
| fncivivue7 wrote:
| And thank fuck for that. DWR is disgusting, horrible stuff.
| 
| Stop using DWR. Buy frogtoggs or Columbia outdry and leave this
| stuff behind.
| 
| Outdry is lighter stronger, doesn't wear off after three outings,
| and the material breathes better than a wetted out goretex jacket
| ever will.
| 
| Unless you're in snow, goretex is next to useless.
 
  | loeg wrote:
  | Shakedrys don't use DWRs, and not all DWRs use PFCs. "Wetted
  | out jacket" also isn't a thing that happens to shakedry
  | apparel. By all means, criticize use of PFCs for environmental
  | reasons, but there's no need to fabricate criticisms.
 
| zymhan wrote:
| This is a surprisingly in-depth article, I found it very
| informative.
 
| downvotetruth wrote:
| > Gore is committing to a "goal for being free of PFCs of
| Environmental Concern." That doesn't affect the ePTFE membrane
| though because, according to the brand, ePTFE "is inert,
| insoluble in water, extremely stable and not biodegradable.
| Therefore, it does not degrade to become a source of PFCs of
| Environmental Concern."
| 
| Gore continuation: biodegradable:degradeable ::(->)
| unbiodegradable:undegradeable
 
  | DoingIsLearning wrote:
  | It's more of a case that they as a business have no way of
  | making money without this pollutant not that the pollutant
  | itself is not an issue.
  | 
  | I have worn plenty of boots with Gore-Tex reinforced regions
  | and they most definitely break down and become frail and
  | brittle given enough kilometers of trekking.
 
    | ghaff wrote:
    | I'm honestly not convinced how much good Gore-Tex does in a
    | boot. I've bought boots with Gore-Tex because I liked them
    | for other reasons but I'm not sure they were appreciably more
    | water resistant than those that were "waterproof." Certainly
    | my heavy leather boots (or my winter books that have rubber
    | or whatever on the lower part of the boot) are more
    | resistant.
 
      | wyre wrote:
      | Gore Tex is going to be much lighter and more pliable than
      | leather or rubber.
 
        | ghaff wrote:
        | It's also a great deal less effective for footwear in my
        | experience. However, it can be a reasonable tradeoff if
        | you don't want to wear a heavy boot for 3-season hiking.
 
| rc_mob wrote:
| Well ... good
 
| jakecopp wrote:
| > Depending on who you ask, it may also be a product that marks
| the end of an era and a standard we never reach again in the
| outdoor industry.
| 
| Sounds reminiscent of asbestos.
 
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