Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) S. Litkowski
Request for Comments: 9020 Cisco Systems
Category: Standards Track Y. Qu
ISSN: 2070-1721 Futurewei
A. Lindem
Cisco Systems
P. Sarkar
VMware, Inc
J. Tantsura
Juniper Networks
May 2021
YANG Data Model for Segment Routing
Abstract
This document defines three YANG data models. The first is for
Segment Routing (SR) configuration and operation, which is to be
augmented by different Segment Routing data planes. The next is a
YANG data model that defines a collection of generic types and
groupings for SR. The third module defines the configuration and
operational states for the Segment Routing MPLS data plane.
Status of This Memo
This is an Internet Standards Track document.
This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force
(IETF). It represents the consensus of the IETF community. It has
received public review and has been approved for publication by the
Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Further information on
Internet Standards is available in Section 2 of RFC 7841.
Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9020.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2021 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
(https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
publication of this document. Please review these documents
carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must
include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
described in the Simplified BSD License.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. Terminology and Notation
2.1. Tree Diagram
2.2. Prefixes in Data Node Names
3. Design of the Data Model
4. Configuration
5. IGP Control-Plane Configuration
5.1. IGP Interface Configuration
5.1.1. Adjacency SID (Adj-SID) Properties
5.1.1.1. Bundling
5.1.1.2. Protection
6. State Data
7. Notifications
8. YANG Modules
8.1. YANG Module for Segment Routing
8.2. YANG Module for Segment Routing Common Types
8.3. YANG Module for Segment Routing MPLS
9. Security Considerations
10. IANA Considerations
11. References
11.1. Normative References
11.2. Informative References
Appendix A. Configuration Examples
A.1. SR-MPLS with IPv4
A.2. SR-MPLS with IPv6
Acknowledgements
Authors' Addresses
1. Introduction
This document defines three YANG data models [RFC7950]. The first
one is for Segment Routing (SR) [RFC8402] configuration and
operation. This document does not define the IGP extensions to
support SR, but the second module defines generic groupings to be
reused by IGP extension modules. The reason for this design choice
is to not require implementations to support all IGP extensions. For
example, an implementation may support the IS-IS extension but not
the OSPF extension. The third YANG data model defines a module that
is intended to be used on network elements to configure or operate
the SR MPLS data plane [RFC8660].
The YANG modules in this document conform to the Network Management
Datastore Architecture (NMDA) [RFC8342].
2. Terminology and Notation
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
"OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP
14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all
capitals, as shown here.
2.1. Tree Diagram
Tree diagrams used in this document follow the notation defined in
[RFC8340].
2.2. Prefixes in Data Node Names
In this document, names of data nodes, actions, and other data model
objects are often used without a prefix, as long as it is clear from
the context in which YANG module each name is defined. Otherwise,
names are prefixed using the standard prefix associated with the
corresponding YANG module, as shown in Table 1.
+==========+====================+===========+
| Prefix | YANG module | Reference |
+==========+====================+===========+
| if | ietf-interfaces | [RFC8343] |
+----------+--------------------+-----------+
| rt | ietf-routing | [RFC8349] |
+----------+--------------------+-----------+
| rt-types | ietf-routing-types | [RFC8294] |
+----------+--------------------+-----------+
| yang | ietf-yang-types | [RFC6991] |
+----------+--------------------+-----------+
| inet | ietf-inet-types | [RFC6991] |
+----------+--------------------+-----------+
Table 1: Prefixes and Corresponding YANG
Modules
3. Design of the Data Model
The ietf-segment-routing YANG module augments the routing container
in the ietf-routing model [RFC8349] and defines generic SR
configuration and operational state. This module is augmented by
modules supporting different data planes.
Module ietf-segment-routing-mpls augments ietf-segment-routing and
supports SR-MPLS data plane configuration and operational state.
Module ietf-segment-routing-common defines generic types and
groupings that SHOULD be reused by IGP extension modules.
module: ietf-segment-routing
augment /rt:routing:
+--rw segment-routing
module: ietf-segment-routing-mpls
augment /rt:routing/sr:segment-routing:
+--rw sr-mpls
+--rw bindings
| +--rw mapping-server {mapping-server}?
| | +--rw policy* [name]
| | +--rw name string
| | +--rw entries
| | +--rw mapping-entry* [prefix algorithm]
| | +--rw prefix inet:ip-prefix
| | +--rw value-type? enumeration
| | +--rw start-sid uint32
| | +--rw range? uint32
| | +--rw algorithm identityref
| +--rw connected-prefix-sid-map
| | +--rw connected-prefix-sid* [prefix algorithm]
| | +--rw prefix inet:ip-prefix
| | +--rw value-type? enumeration
| | +--rw start-sid uint32
| | +--rw range? uint32
| | +--rw algorithm identityref
| | +--rw last-hop-behavior? enumeration
| +--rw local-prefix-sid
| +--rw local-prefix-sid* [prefix algorithm]
| +--rw prefix inet:ip-prefix
| +--rw value-type? enumeration
| +--rw start-sid uint32
| +--rw range? uint32
| +--rw algorithm identityref
+--rw srgb
| +--rw srgb* [lower-bound upper-bound]
| +--rw lower-bound uint32
| +--rw upper-bound uint32
+--rw srlb
| +--rw srlb* [lower-bound upper-bound]
| +--rw lower-bound uint32
| +--rw upper-bound uint32
+--ro label-blocks* []
| +--ro lower-bound? uint32
| +--ro upper-bound? uint32
| +--ro size? uint32
| +--ro free? uint32
| +--ro used? uint32
| +--ro scope? enumeration
+--ro sid-db
+--ro sid* [target sid source source-protocol binding-type]
+--ro target string
+--ro sid uint32
+--ro algorithm? uint8
+--ro source inet:ip-address
+--ro used? boolean
+--ro source-protocol -> /rt:routing
/control-plane-protocols
/control-plane-protocol/name
+--ro binding-type enumeration
+--ro scope? enumeration
notifications:
+---n segment-routing-srgb-collision
| +--ro srgb-collisions* []
| +--ro lower-bound? uint32
| +--ro upper-bound? uint32
| +--ro routing-protocol? -> /rt:routing
| /control-plane-protocols
| /control-plane-protocol/name
| +--ro originating-rtr-id? router-or-system-id
+---n segment-routing-global-sid-collision
| +--ro received-target? string
| +--ro new-sid-rtr-id? router-or-system-id
| +--ro original-target? string
| +--ro original-sid-rtr-id? router-or-system-id
| +--ro index? uint32
| +--ro routing-protocol? -> /rt:routing
| /control-plane-protocols
| /control-plane-protocol/name
+---n segment-routing-index-out-of-range
+--ro received-target? string
+--ro received-index? uint32
+--ro routing-protocol? -> /rt:routing
/control-plane-protocols
/control-plane-protocol/name
4. Configuration
The module ietf-segment-routing-mpls augments the "/rt:routing/
sr:segment-routing:" with an sr-mpls container. This container
defines all the configuration parameters related to the SR MPLS data
plane.
The sr-mpls configuration is split into global configuration and
interface configuration.
The global configuration includes:
Bindings: Defines Prefix to Segment Identifier (Prefix-SID)
mappings. The operator can control advertisement of Prefix-SIDs
independently for IPv4 and IPv6. Two types of mappings are
available:
Mapping-server: Maps prefixes that are not local to a SID.
Configuration of bindings does not automatically allow
advertisement of those bindings. Advertisement must be
controlled by each routing-protocol instance (see Section 5).
Multiple mapping policies may be defined.
Connected prefixes: Maps connected prefixes to a SID.
Advertisement of the mapping will be done by IGP when enabled
for SR (see Section 5). The SID value can be expressed as an
index (default) or an absolute value. The "last-hop-behavior"
configuration dictates the MPLS Penultimate Hop Popping (PHP)
behavior: "explicit-null", "php", or "non-php".
Segment Routing Global Block (SRGB): Defines a list of label blocks
represented by a pair of lower-bound/upper-bound labels. The SRGB
is also agnostic to the control plane used. So, all local
routing-protocol instances will have to advertise the same SRGB.
Segment Routing Local Block (SRLB): Defines a list of label blocks
represented by a pair of lower-bound/upper-bound labels reserved
for local SIDs.
5. IGP Control-Plane Configuration
Support of SR extensions for a particular IGP control plane is
achieved by augmenting routing-protocol configuration with SR
extensions. This augmentation SHOULD be part of the routing-protocol
YANG modules as not to create any dependency for implementations to
support SR extensions for all routing protocols.
This module defines groupings that SHOULD be used by IGP SR modules.
The "sr-control-plane" grouping defines the generic global
configuration for the IGP.
The "enabled" leaf enables SR extensions for the routing-protocol
instance.
The "bindings" container controls the routing-protocol instance's
advertisement of local bindings and the processing of received
bindings.
5.1. IGP Interface Configuration
The interface configuration is part of the "igp-interface" grouping
and includes Adjacency SID (Adj-SID) properties.
5.1.1. Adjacency SID (Adj-SID) Properties
5.1.1.1. Bundling
In case of parallel IP links between routers, an additional Adj-SID
[RFC8402] may be advertised representing more than one adjacency
(i.e., a bundle of adjacencies). The "advertise-adj-group-sid"
configuration controls for which group(s) an additional Adj-SID is
advertised.
The "advertise-adj-group-sid" is a list of group IDs. Each group ID
will identify interfaces that are bundled together.
+-------+ +------+
| | ------- L1 ---- | |
| R1 | ------- L2 ---- | R2 |
| | ------- L3 ---- | |
| | ------- L4 ---- | |
+-------+ +------+
In the figure above, R1 and R2 are interconnected by four links. A
routing protocol adjacency is established on each link. The operator
would like to create Adj-SIDs that represent bundles of links. We
can imagine two different bundles: L1/L2 and L3/L4. To achieve this
behavior, the operator will configure a "group-id" X for interfaces
L1 and L2 and a "group-id" Y for interfaces L3 and L4. This will
result in R1 advertising an additional Adj-SID for each adjacency.
For example, an Adj-SID with a value of 400 will be added to L1 and
L2, and an Adj-SID with a value of 500 will be added to L3 and L4.
As L1/L2 and L3/L4 do not share the same "group-id", a different SID
value will be allocated.
5.1.1.2. Protection
The "advertise-protection" defines how protection for an interface is
advertised. It does not control the activation or deactivation of
protection. If the "single" option is used, a single Adj-SID will be
advertised for the interface. If the interface is protected, the
B-Flag for the Adj-SID advertisement will be set. If the "dual"
option is used and if the interface is protected, two Adj-SIDs will
be advertised for the interface adjacencies. One Adj-SID will always
have the B-Flag set, and the other will have the B-Flag clear. This
option is intended to be used in the case of traffic engineering
where a path must use either protected segments or unprotected
segments.
6. State Data
The operational state contains information reflecting the usage of
allocated SRGB labels.
It also includes a list of all global SIDs, their associated
bindings, and other information, such as the associated source
protocol and algorithm.
7. Notifications
The model defines the following notifications for SR.
segment-routing-srgb-collision: Raised when control-plane-advertised
SRGB blocks have conflicts
segment-routing-global-sid-collision: Raised when a control-plane-
advertised index is already associated with another target (in
this version, the only defined targets are IPv4 and IPv6 prefixes)
segment-routing-index-out-of-range: Raised when a control-plane-
advertised index falls outside the range of SRGBs configured for
the network device
8. YANG Modules
There are three YANG modules included in this document.
The following RFCs are not referenced in the document text but are
referenced in the ietf-segment-routing.yang, ietf-segment-routing-
common.yang, and/or ietf-segment-routing-mpls.yang modules:
[RFC6991], [RFC8294], [RFC8661], [RFC8665], [RFC8667], [RFC8669], and
[RFC8814].
8.1. YANG Module for Segment Routing
ietf-segment-routing.yang: This module defines a generic framework
for Segment Routing (SR), and it is to be augmented by models for
different SR data planes.
<CODE BEGINS> file "ietf-segment-routing@2021-05-26.yang"
module ietf-segment-routing {
yang-version 1.1;
namespace "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-segment-routing";
prefix sr;
import ietf-routing {
prefix rt;
reference "RFC 8349: A YANG Data Model for Routing
Management (NMDA Version)";
}
organization
"IETF SPRING - SPRING Working Group";
contact
"WG Web: <https://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/spring/>
WG List: <mailto:spring@ietf.org>
Author: Stephane Litkowski
<mailto:slitkows.ietf@gmail.com>
Author: Yingzhen Qu
<mailto:yingzhen.qu@futurewei.com>
Author: Acee Lindem
<mailto:acee@cisco.com>
Author: Pushpasis Sarkar
<mailto:pushpasis.ietf@gmail.com>
Author: Jeff Tantsura
<jefftant.ietf@gmail.com>
";
description
"This YANG module defines a generic framework for Segment
Routing (SR). It is to be augmented by models for different
SR data planes.
This YANG module conforms to the Network Management
Datastore Architecture (NMDA), as described in RFC 8242.
The key words 'MUST', 'MUST NOT', 'REQUIRED', 'SHALL', 'SHALL
NOT', 'SHOULD', 'SHOULD NOT', 'RECOMMENDED', 'NOT RECOMMENDED',
'MAY', and 'OPTIONAL' in this document are to be interpreted as
described in BCP 14 (RFC 2119) (RFC 8174) when, and only when,
they appear in all capitals, as shown here.
Copyright (c) 2021 IETF Trust and the persons identified as
authors of the code. All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and subject
to the license terms contained in, the Simplified BSD License
set forth in Section 4.c of the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions
Relating to IETF Documents
(https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).
This version of this YANG module is part of RFC 9020;
see the RFC itself for full legal notices.";
reference
"RFC 9020: YANG Data Model for Segment Routing.";
revision 2021-05-26 {
description
"Initial version";
reference
"RFC 9020: YANG Data Model for Segment Routing.";
}
augment "/rt:routing" {
description
"This module augments the routing data model (RFC 8349)
with Segment Routing (SR).";
container segment-routing {
description
"Segment Routing configuration. This container
is to be augmented by models for different SR
data planes.";
reference
"RFC 8402: Segment Routing Architecture.";
}
}
}
<CODE ENDS>
8.2. YANG Module for Segment Routing Common Types
ietf-segment-routing-common.yang: This module defines a collection
of generic types and groupings for SR, as defined in [RFC8402].
<CODE BEGINS> file "ietf-segment-routing-common@2021-05-26.yang"
module ietf-segment-routing-common {
yang-version 1.1;
namespace
"urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-segment-routing-common";
prefix sr-cmn;
import ietf-inet-types {
prefix inet;
reference
"RFC 6991: Common YANG Data Types";
}
organization
"IETF SPRING - SPRING Working Group";
contact
"WG Web: <https://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/spring/>
WG List: <mailto:spring@ietf.org>
Author: Stephane Litkowski
<mailto:slitkows.ietf@gmail.com>
Author: Yingzhen Qu
<mailto:yingzhen.qu@futurewei.com>
Author: Acee Lindem
<mailto:acee@cisco.com>
Author: Pushpasis Sarkar
<mailto:pushpasis.ietf@gmail.com>
Author: Jeff Tantsura
<jefftant.ietf@gmail.com>
";
description
"This YANG module defines a collection of generic types and
groupings for Segment Routing (SR), as described in RFC 8402.
This YANG module conforms to the Network Management
Datastore Architecture (NMDA), as described in RFC 8242.
The key words 'MUST', 'MUST NOT', 'REQUIRED', 'SHALL', 'SHALL
NOT', 'SHOULD', 'SHOULD NOT', 'RECOMMENDED', 'NOT RECOMMENDED',
'MAY', and 'OPTIONAL' in this document are to be interpreted as
described in BCP 14 (RFC 2119) (RFC 8174) when, and only when,
they appear in all capitals, as shown here.
Copyright (c) 2021 IETF Trust and the persons identified as
authors of the code. All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and subject
to the license terms contained in, the Simplified BSD License
set forth in Section 4.c of the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions
Relating to IETF Documents
(https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).
This version of this YANG module is part of RFC 9020;
see the RFC itself for full legal notices.";
reference
"RFC 9020: YANG Data Model for Segment Routing";
revision 2021-05-26 {
description
"Initial version";
reference
"RFC 9020: YANG Data Model for Segment Routing";
}
feature sid-last-hop-behavior {
description
"Configurable last-hop behavior.";
reference
"RFC 8660: Segment Routing with the MPLS Data Plane";
}
identity prefix-sid-algorithm {
description
"Base identity for prefix-sid algorithm.";
reference
"RFC 8402: Segment Routing Architecture";
}
identity prefix-sid-algorithm-shortest-path {
base prefix-sid-algorithm;
description
"Shortest Path First (SPF) Prefix-SID algorithm. This
is the default algorithm.";
}
identity prefix-sid-algorithm-strict-spf {
base prefix-sid-algorithm;
description
"This algorithm mandates that the packet is forwarded
according to the ECMP-aware SPF algorithm.";
}
grouping srlr {
description
"Grouping for SR Label Range configuration.";
leaf lower-bound {
type uint32;
description
"Lower value in the label range.";
}
leaf upper-bound {
type uint32;
must '../lower-bound < ../upper-bound' {
error-message
"The upper-bound must be greater than the lower-bound.";
description
"The value must be greater than lower-bound.";
}
description
"Upper value in the label range.";
}
}
grouping srgb {
description
"Grouping for SR Global Label Range.";
list srgb {
key "lower-bound upper-bound";
ordered-by user;
description
"List of global blocks to be advertised.";
uses srlr;
}
}
grouping srlb {
description
"Grouping for SR Local Block Range.";
list srlb {
key "lower-bound upper-bound";
ordered-by user;
description
"List of SRLBs.";
uses srlr;
}
}
grouping sid-value-type {
description
"Defines how the SID value is expressed.";
leaf value-type {
type enumeration {
enum index {
description
"The value will be interpreted as an index.";
}
enum absolute {
description
"The value will become interpreted as an absolute
value.";
}
}
default "index";
description
"This leaf defines how the value must be interpreted.";
}
}
grouping prefix-sid {
description
"This grouping defines configuration of a Prefix-SID.";
leaf prefix {
type inet:ip-prefix;
description
"Connected Prefix-SID.";
}
uses prefix-sid-attributes;
}
grouping ipv4-sid {
description
"Grouping for an IPv4 Prefix-SID.";
leaf prefix {
type inet:ipv4-prefix;
description
"Connected IPv4 Prefix-SID.";
}
uses prefix-sid-attributes;
}
grouping ipv6-sid {
description
"Grouping for an IPv6 Prefix-SID.";
leaf prefix {
type inet:ipv6-prefix;
description
"Connected IPv6 Prefix-SID.";
}
uses prefix-sid-attributes;
}
grouping last-hop-behavior {
description
"Defines last-hop behavior.";
leaf last-hop-behavior {
if-feature "sid-last-hop-behavior";
type enumeration {
enum explicit-null {
description
"Use explicit-null for the SID.";
}
enum no-php {
description
"Do not use MPLS Penultimate Hop Popping (PHP)
for the SID.";
}
enum php {
description
"Use MPLS PHP for the SID.";
}
}
description
"Configure last-hop behavior.";
}
}
grouping prefix-sid-attributes {
description
"Grouping for Segment Routing (SR) prefix attributes.";
uses sid-value-type;
leaf start-sid {
type uint32;
mandatory true;
description
"Value associated with prefix. The value must be
interpreted in the context of sid-value-type.";
}
leaf range {
type uint32;
description
"Indicates how many SIDs can be allocated.";
}
leaf algorithm {
type identityref {
base prefix-sid-algorithm;
}
description
"Prefix-SID algorithm.";
}
}
}
<CODE ENDS>
8.3. YANG Module for Segment Routing MPLS
ietf-segment-routing-mpls.yang: This module defines the
configuration and operational states for the Segment Routing MPLS
data plane.
<CODE BEGINS> file "ietf-segment-routing-mpls@2021-05-26.yang"
module ietf-segment-routing-mpls {
yang-version 1.1;
namespace "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-segment-routing-mpls";
prefix sr-mpls;
import ietf-inet-types {
prefix inet;
reference
"RFC 6991: Common YANG Data Types";
}
import ietf-routing {
prefix rt;
reference
"RFC 8349: A YANG Data Model for Routing
Management (NMDA Version)";
}
import ietf-routing-types {
prefix rt-types;
reference
"RFC 8294: Common YANG Data Types for the
Routing Area";
}
import ietf-segment-routing {
prefix sr;
reference
"RFC 9020: YANG Data Model for Segment Routing";
}
import ietf-segment-routing-common {
prefix sr-cmn;
reference
"RFC 9020: YANG Data Model for Segment Routing";
}
organization
"IETF SPRING - SPRING Working Group";
contact
"WG Web: <https://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/spring/>
WG List: <mailto:spring@ietf.org>
Author: Stephane Litkowski
<mailto:slitkows.ietf@gmail.com>
Author: Yingzhen Qu
<mailto:yingzhen.qu@futurewei.com>
Author: Acee Lindem
<mailto:acee@cisco.com>
Author: Pushpasis Sarkar
<mailto:pushpasis.ietf@gmail.com>
Author: Jeff Tantsura
<jefftant.ietf@gmail.com>
";
description
"This YANG module defines a generic configuration model for
the Segment Routing MPLS data plane.
This YANG module conforms to the Network Management
Datastore Architecture (NMDA), as described in RFC 8242.
The key words 'MUST', 'MUST NOT', 'REQUIRED', 'SHALL', 'SHALL
NOT', 'SHOULD', 'SHOULD NOT', 'RECOMMENDED', 'NOT RECOMMENDED',
'MAY', and 'OPTIONAL' in this document are to be interpreted as
described in BCP 14 (RFC 2119) (RFC 8174) when, and only when,
they appear in all capitals, as shown here.
Copyright (c) 2021 IETF Trust and the persons identified as
authors of the code. All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and subject
to the license terms contained in, the Simplified BSD License
set forth in Section 4.c of the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions
Relating to IETF Documents
(https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).
This version of this YANG module is part of RFC 9020;
see the RFC itself for full legal notices.";
reference
"RFC 9020: YANG Data Model for Segment Routing";
revision 2021-05-26 {
description
"Initial version";
reference
"RFC 9020: YANG Data Model for Segment Routing";
}
feature mapping-server {
description
"Support for Segment Routing Mapping Server (SRMS).";
reference
"RFC 8661: Segment Routing MPLS Interworking
with LDP";
}
feature protocol-srgb {
description
"Support for per-protocol Segment Routing Global Block
(SRGB) configuration.";
reference
"RFC 8660: Segment Routing with the MPLS
Data Plane";
}
typedef system-id {
type string {
pattern '[0-9A-Fa-f]{4}\.[0-9A-Fa-f]{4}\.[0-9A-Fa-f]{4}';
}
description
"This type defines an IS-IS system-id using a pattern.
An example system-id is 0143.0438.AEF0.";
}
typedef router-or-system-id {
type union {
type rt-types:router-id;
type system-id;
}
description
"OSPF/BGP router-id or IS-IS system ID.";
}
grouping sr-control-plane {
description
"Defines protocol configuration.";
container segment-routing {
description
"Segment Routing global configuration.";
leaf enabled {
type boolean;
default "false";
description
"Enables Segment Routing control-plane protocol
extensions.";
}
container bindings {
if-feature "mapping-server";
description
"Control of binding advertisement and reception.";
container advertise {
description
"Control advertisement of local mappings
in binding TLVs.";
leaf-list policies {
type leafref {
path "/rt:routing/sr:segment-routing/sr-mpls:sr-mpls"
+ "/sr-mpls:bindings/sr-mpls:mapping-server"
+ "/sr-mpls:policy/sr-mpls:name";
}
description
"List of binding advertisement policies.";
}
}
leaf receive {
type boolean;
default "true";
description
"Allow the reception and usage of binding TLVs.";
}
}
}
}
grouping igp-interface {
description
"Grouping for IGP interface configuration.";
container segment-routing {
description
"Container for SR interface configuration.";
container adjacency-sid {
description
"Adjacency SID (Adj-SID) configuration.";
reference
"RFC 8660: Segment Routing with the MPLS
Data Plane";
list adj-sids {
key "value";
uses sr-cmn:sid-value-type;
leaf value {
type uint32;
description
"Value of the Adj-SID.";
}
leaf protected {
type boolean;
default "false";
description
"It is used to protect the Adj-SID, e.g., using
IP Fast Reroute (IPFRR) or MPLS-FRR.";
}
leaf weight {
type uint8;
description
"The load-balancing factor over parallel adjacencies.";
reference
"RFC 8402: Segment Routing Architecture
RFC 8665: OSPF Extensions for Segment Routing
RFC 8667: IS-IS Extensions for Segment
Routing";
}
description
"List of Adj-SIDs and their configuration.";
}
list advertise-adj-group-sid {
key "group-id";
description
"Control advertisement of S-flag or G-flag. Enable
advertisement of a common Adj-SID for parallel
links.";
reference
"RFC 8665: OSPF Extensions for Segment Routing,
Section 6.1
RFC 8667: IS-IS Extensions for Segment
Routing, Section 2.2.1";
leaf group-id {
type uint32;
description
"The value is an internal value to identify a
group-ID. Interfaces with the same group-ID
will be bundled together.";
}
}
leaf advertise-protection {
type enumeration {
enum single {
description
"A single Adj-SID is associated with the
adjacency and reflects the protection
configuration.";
}
enum dual {
description
"Two Adj-SIDs will be associated with the adjacency
if the interface is protected. In this case, one
Adj-SID will be advertised with the backup-flag
set and the other with the backup-flag clear. In
the case where protection is not configured, a
single Adj-SID will be advertised with the
backup-flag clear.";
}
}
description
"If set, the Adj-SID refers to a protected adjacency.";
reference
"RFC 8665: OSPF Extensions for Segment Routing,
Section 6.1
RFC 8667: IS-IS Extensions for Segment
Routing, Section 2.2.1";
}
}
}
}
augment "/rt:routing/sr:segment-routing" {
description
"This augments the routing data model (RFC 8349)
with Segment Routing (SR) using the MPLS data plane.";
container sr-mpls {
description
"Segment Routing global configuration and
operational state.";
container bindings {
description
"List of bindings.";
container mapping-server {
if-feature "mapping-server";
description
"Configuration of mapping-server local entries.";
list policy {
key "name";
description
"List mapping-server policies.";
leaf name {
type string;
description
"Name of the mapping policy.";
}
container entries {
description
"IPv4/IPv6 mapping entries.";
list mapping-entry {
key "prefix algorithm";
description
"Mapping entries.";
uses sr-cmn:prefix-sid;
}
}
}
}
container connected-prefix-sid-map {
description
"Prefix-SID configuration.";
list connected-prefix-sid {
key "prefix algorithm";
description
"List of mappings of Prefix-SIDs to IPv4/IPv6
local prefixes.";
uses sr-cmn:prefix-sid;
uses sr-cmn:last-hop-behavior;
}
}
container local-prefix-sid {
description
"Local SID configuration.";
list local-prefix-sid {
key "prefix algorithm";
description
"List of local IPv4/IPv6 Prefix-SIDs.";
uses sr-cmn:prefix-sid;
}
}
}
container srgb {
description
"Global SRGB configuration.";
uses sr-cmn:srgb;
}
container srlb {
description
"Segment Routing Local Block (SRLB) configuration.";
uses sr-cmn:srlb;
}
list label-blocks {
config false;
description
"List of label blocks currently in use.";
leaf lower-bound {
type uint32;
description
"Lower bound of the label block.";
}
leaf upper-bound {
type uint32;
description
"Upper bound of the label block.";
}
leaf size {
type uint32;
description
"Number of indexes in the block.";
}
leaf free {
type uint32;
description
"Number of free indexes in the block.";
}
leaf used {
type uint32;
description
"Number of indexes in use in the block.";
}
leaf scope {
type enumeration {
enum global {
description
"Global SID.";
}
enum local {
description
"Local SID.";
}
}
description
"Scope of this label block.";
}
}
container sid-db {
config false;
description
"List of prefix and SID associations.";
list sid {
key "target sid source source-protocol binding-type";
ordered-by system;
description
"SID binding.";
leaf target {
type string;
description
"Defines the target of the binding. It can be a
prefix or something else.";
}
leaf sid {
type uint32;
description
"Index associated with the prefix.";
}
leaf algorithm {
type uint8;
description
"Algorithm to be used for the Prefix-SID.";
reference
"RFC 8665: OSPF Extensions for Segment Routing
RFC 8667: IS-IS Extensions for Segment
Routing
RFC 8669: Segment Routing Prefix Segment
Identifier Extensions to BGP";
}
leaf source {
type inet:ip-address;
description
"IP address of the router that owns the binding.";
}
leaf used {
type boolean;
description
"Indicates if the binding is installed in the
forwarding plane.";
}
leaf source-protocol {
type leafref {
path "/rt:routing/rt:control-plane-protocols/"
+ "rt:control-plane-protocol/rt:name";
}
description
"Routing protocol that owns the binding.";
}
leaf binding-type {
type enumeration {
enum prefix-sid {
description
"Binding is learned from a Prefix-SID.";
}
enum binding-tlv {
description
"Binding is learned from a binding TLV.";
}
}
description
"Type of binding.";
}
leaf scope {
type enumeration {
enum global {
description
"Global SID.";
}
enum local {
description
"Local SID.";
}
}
description
"SID scoping.";
}
}
}
}
}
notification segment-routing-srgb-collision {
description
"This notification is sent when SRGB blocks received from
different routers collide.";
list srgb-collisions {
description
"List of SRGB blocks that collide.";
leaf lower-bound {
type uint32;
description
"Lower value in the block.";
}
leaf upper-bound {
type uint32;
description
"Upper value in the block.";
}
leaf routing-protocol {
type leafref {
path "/rt:routing/rt:control-plane-protocols/"
+ "rt:control-plane-protocol/rt:name";
}
description
"Routing protocol reference for SRGB collision.";
}
leaf originating-rtr-id {
type router-or-system-id;
description
"Originating router ID of this SRGB block.";
}
}
}
notification segment-routing-global-sid-collision {
description
"This notification is sent when a new mapping is learned
containing a mapping where the SID is already used.
The notification generation must be throttled with at least
a 5-second gap between notifications.";
leaf received-target {
type string;
description
"Target received in the router advertisement that caused
the SID collision.";
}
leaf new-sid-rtr-id {
type router-or-system-id;
description
"Router ID that advertised the colliding SID.";
}
leaf original-target {
type string;
description
"Target already available in the database with the same SID
as the received target.";
}
leaf original-sid-rtr-id {
type router-or-system-id;
description
"Router ID for the router that originally advertised the
colliding SID, i.e., the instance in the database.";
}
leaf index {
type uint32;
description
"Value of the index used by two different prefixes.";
}
leaf routing-protocol {
type leafref {
path "/rt:routing/rt:control-plane-protocols/"
+ "rt:control-plane-protocol/rt:name";
}
description
"Routing protocol reference for colliding SID.";
}
}
notification segment-routing-index-out-of-range {
description
"This notification is sent when a binding is received
containing a segment index that is out of the local
configured ranges. The notification generation must be
throttled with at least a 5-second gap between
notifications.";
leaf received-target {
type string;
description
"A human-readable string representing the target
received in the protocol-specific advertisement
corresponding to the out-of-range index.";
}
leaf received-index {
type uint32;
description
"Value of the index received.";
}
leaf routing-protocol {
type leafref {
path "/rt:routing/rt:control-plane-protocols/"
+ "rt:control-plane-protocol/rt:name";
}
description
"Routing protocol reference for out-of-range indexed.";
}
}
}
<CODE ENDS>
9. Security Considerations
The YANG modules specified in this document define a schema for data
that is designed to be accessed via network management protocols,
such as NETCONF [RFC6241] or RESTCONF [RFC8040]. The lowest NETCONF
layer is the secure transport layer, and the mandatory-to-implement
secure transport is Secure Shell (SSH) [RFC6242]. The lowest
RESTCONF layer is HTTPS, and the mandatory-to-implement secure
transport is TLS [RFC8446].
The Network Configuration Access Control Model (NACM) [RFC8341]
provides the means to restrict access for particular NETCONF or
RESTCONF users to a preconfigured subset of all available NETCONF or
RESTCONF protocol operations and content.
There are a number of data nodes defined in the modules that are
writable/creatable/deletable (i.e., config true, which is the
default). These data nodes may be considered sensitive or vulnerable
in some network environments. Write operations (e.g., edit-config)
to these data nodes without proper protection can have a negative
effect on network operations. These are the subtrees and data nodes
and their sensitivity/vulnerability:
* /segment-routing
* /segment-routing/mpls
* /segment-routing/mpls/bindings -- Modification to the local
bindings could result in a Denial-of-Service (DoS) attack. An
attacker may also try to create segment conflicts (using the same
segment identifier for different purposes) to redirect traffic
within the trusted domain. However, the traffic will remain
within the trusted domain. Redirection could be used to route the
traffic to compromised nodes within the trusted domain or to avoid
certain security functions (e.g., firewall). Refer to Section 8.1
of [RFC8402] for a discussion of the SR-MPLS trusted domain.
* /segment-routing/mpls/srgb -- Modification of the Segment Routing
Global Block (SRGB) could be used to mount a DoS attack. For
example, if the SRGB size is reduced to a very small value, a lot
of existing segments could no longer be installed leading to a
traffic disruption.
* /segment-routing/mpls/srlb -- Modification of the Segment Routing
Local Block (SRLB) could be used to mount a DoS attack similar to
those applicable to the SRGB.
Some of the readable data nodes in these YANG modules may be
considered sensitive or vulnerable in some network environments. It
is thus important to control read access (e.g., via get, get-config,
or notification) to these data nodes. These are the subtrees and
data nodes and their sensitivity/vulnerability:
* /segment-routing/mpls/bindings -- Knowledge of these data nodes
can be used to attack the local router with a Denial-of-Service
(DoS) attack.
* /segment-routing/mpls/sid-db -- Knowledge of these data nodes can
be used to attack the other routers in the SR domain with either a
Denial-of-Service (DoS) attack or redirection traffic destined for
those routers.
10. IANA Considerations
This document registers a URI in the "IETF XML Registry" [RFC3688].
Following the format in [RFC3688], the following registration is
requested to be made:
ID: yang:ietf-segment-routing-common
URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-segment-routing-common
Registrant Contact: The IESG.
XML: N/A, the requested URI is an XML namespace.
ID: yang:ietf-segment-routing
URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-segment-routing
Registrant Contact: The IESG.
XML: N/A, the requested URI is an XML namespace.
ID: yang:ietf-segment-routing-mpls
URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-segment-routing-mpls
Registrant Contact: The IESG.
XML: N/A, the requested URI is an XML namespace.
This document registers YANG modules in the "YANG Module Names"
registry [RFC6020].
Name: ietf-segment-routing-common
Maintained by IANA: N
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-segment-routing-common
Prefix: sr-cmn
Reference: RFC 9020
Name: ietf-segment-routing
Maintained by IANA: N
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-segment-routing
Prefix: sr
Reference: RFC 9020
Name: ietf-segment-routing-mpls
Maintained by IANA: N
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-segment-routing-mpls
Prefix: sr-mpls
Reference: RFC 9020
11. References
11.1. Normative References
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
[RFC3688] Mealling, M., "The IETF XML Registry", BCP 81, RFC 3688,
DOI 10.17487/RFC3688, January 2004,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3688>.
[RFC6020] Bjorklund, M., Ed., "YANG - A Data Modeling Language for
the Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF)", RFC 6020,
DOI 10.17487/RFC6020, October 2010,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6020>.
[RFC6241] Enns, R., Ed., Bjorklund, M., Ed., Schoenwaelder, J., Ed.,
and A. Bierman, Ed., "Network Configuration Protocol
(NETCONF)", RFC 6241, DOI 10.17487/RFC6241, June 2011,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6241>.
[RFC6242] Wasserman, M., "Using the NETCONF Protocol over Secure
Shell (SSH)", RFC 6242, DOI 10.17487/RFC6242, June 2011,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6242>.
[RFC6991] Schoenwaelder, J., Ed., "Common YANG Data Types",
RFC 6991, DOI 10.17487/RFC6991, July 2013,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6991>.
[RFC7950] Bjorklund, M., Ed., "The YANG 1.1 Data Modeling Language",
RFC 7950, DOI 10.17487/RFC7950, August 2016,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7950>.
[RFC8040] Bierman, A., Bjorklund, M., and K. Watsen, "RESTCONF
Protocol", RFC 8040, DOI 10.17487/RFC8040, January 2017,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8040>.
[RFC8174] Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174>.
[RFC8294] Liu, X., Qu, Y., Lindem, A., Hopps, C., and L. Berger,
"Common YANG Data Types for the Routing Area", RFC 8294,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8294, December 2017,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8294>.
[RFC8341] Bierman, A. and M. Bjorklund, "Network Configuration
Access Control Model", STD 91, RFC 8341,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8341, March 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8341>.
[RFC8342] Bjorklund, M., Schoenwaelder, J., Shafer, P., Watsen, K.,
and R. Wilton, "Network Management Datastore Architecture
(NMDA)", RFC 8342, DOI 10.17487/RFC8342, March 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8342>.
[RFC8343] Bjorklund, M., "A YANG Data Model for Interface
Management", RFC 8343, DOI 10.17487/RFC8343, March 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8343>.
[RFC8349] Lhotka, L., Lindem, A., and Y. Qu, "A YANG Data Model for
Routing Management (NMDA Version)", RFC 8349,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8349, March 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8349>.
[RFC8402] Filsfils, C., Ed., Previdi, S., Ed., Ginsberg, L.,
Decraene, B., Litkowski, S., and R. Shakir, "Segment
Routing Architecture", RFC 8402, DOI 10.17487/RFC8402,
July 2018, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8402>.
[RFC8446] Rescorla, E., "The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol
Version 1.3", RFC 8446, DOI 10.17487/RFC8446, August 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8446>.
[RFC8660] Bashandy, A., Ed., Filsfils, C., Ed., Previdi, S.,
Decraene, B., Litkowski, S., and R. Shakir, "Segment
Routing with the MPLS Data Plane", RFC 8660,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8660, December 2019,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8660>.
[RFC8661] Bashandy, A., Ed., Filsfils, C., Ed., Previdi, S.,
Decraene, B., and S. Litkowski, "Segment Routing MPLS
Interworking with LDP", RFC 8661, DOI 10.17487/RFC8661,
December 2019, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8661>.
[RFC8665] Psenak, P., Ed., Previdi, S., Ed., Filsfils, C., Gredler,
H., Shakir, R., Henderickx, W., and J. Tantsura, "OSPF
Extensions for Segment Routing", RFC 8665,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8665, December 2019,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8665>.
[RFC8667] Previdi, S., Ed., Ginsberg, L., Ed., Filsfils, C.,
Bashandy, A., Gredler, H., and B. Decraene, "IS-IS
Extensions for Segment Routing", RFC 8667,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8667, December 2019,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8667>.
[RFC8669] Previdi, S., Filsfils, C., Lindem, A., Ed., Sreekantiah,
A., and H. Gredler, "Segment Routing Prefix Segment
Identifier Extensions for BGP", RFC 8669,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8669, December 2019,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8669>.
[RFC8814] Tantsura, J., Chunduri, U., Talaulikar, K., Mirsky, G.,
and N. Triantafillis, "Signaling Maximum SID Depth (MSD)
Using the Border Gateway Protocol - Link State", RFC 8814,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8814, August 2020,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8814>.
[W3C.REC-xml11-20060816]
Bray, T., Paoli, J., Sperberg-McQueen, M., Maler, E.,
Yergeau, F., and J. Cowan, "Extensible Markup Language
(XML) 1.1 (Second Edition)", World Wide Web Consortium
Recommendation REC-xml11-20060816, 16 August 2006,
<https://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml11-20060816>.
11.2. Informative References
[RFC8340] Bjorklund, M. and L. Berger, Ed., "YANG Tree Diagrams",
BCP 215, RFC 8340, DOI 10.17487/RFC8340, March 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8340>.
[RFC8792] Watsen, K., Auerswald, E., Farrel, A., and Q. Wu,
"Handling Long Lines in Content of Internet-Drafts and
RFCs", RFC 8792, DOI 10.17487/RFC8792, June 2020,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8792>.
Appendix A. Configuration Examples
Note: '\' line wrapping per [RFC8792].
A.1. SR-MPLS with IPv4
The following is an XML [W3C.REC-xml11-20060816] example using the
SR-MPLS YANG modules with IPv4 addresses.
<routing xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-routing">
<segment-routing
xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-segment-routing">
<sr-mpls
xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-segment-routing-mpls">
<bindings>
<mapping-server>
<policy>
<name>mapping 1</name>
<entries>
<mapping-entry>
<prefix>198.51.100.0/24</prefix>
<algorithm xmlns:sr-cmn="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang\
:ietf-segment-routing-common">\
sr-cmn:prefix-sid-algorithm-shortest-path\
</algorithm>
<start-sid>200</start-sid>
<range>100</range>
</mapping-entry>
</entries>
</policy>
</mapping-server>
<connected-prefix-sid-map>
<connected-prefix-sid>
<prefix>192.0.2.0/24</prefix>
<algorithm xmlns:sr-cmn="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:\
ietf-segment-routing-common">\
sr-cmn:prefix-sid-algorithm-strict-spf</algorithm>
<start-sid>100</start-sid>
<range>1</range>
<last-hop-behavior>php</last-hop-behavior>
</connected-prefix-sid>
</connected-prefix-sid-map>
</bindings>
<srgb>
<srgb>
<lower-bound>45000</lower-bound>
<upper-bound>55000</upper-bound>
</srgb>
</srgb>
</sr-mpls>
</segment-routing>
</routing>
The following is the same example using JSON format.
{
"ietf-routing:routing": {
"ietf-segment-routing:segment-routing": {
"ietf-segment-routing-mpls:sr-mpls": {
"bindings": {
"mapping-server": {
"policy": [
{
"name": "mapping 1",
"entries": {
"mapping-entry": [
{
"prefix": "198.51.100.0/24",
"algorithm": "ietf-segment-routing-common:\
prefix-sid-algorithm-shortest-path",
"start-sid": 200,
"range": 100
}
]
}
}
]
},
"connected-prefix-sid-map": {
"connected-prefix-sid": [
{
"prefix": "192.0.2.0/24",
"algorithm": "ietf-segment-routing-common:\
prefix-sid-algorithm-strict-spf",
"start-sid": 100,
"range": 1,
"last-hop-behavior": "php"
}
]
}
},
"srgb": {
"srgb": [
{
"lower-bound": 45000,
"upper-bound": 55000
}
]
}
}
}
}
}
A.2. SR-MPLS with IPv6
The following is an XML [W3C.REC-xml11-20060816] example using the
SR-MPLS YANG modules with IPv6 addresses.
<routing xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-routing">
<segment-routing
xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-segment-routing">
<sr-mpls
xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-segment-routing-mpls">
<bindings>
<mapping-server>
<policy>
<name>mapping 1</name>
<entries>
<mapping-entry>
<prefix>2001:db8:aaaa:bbbb::/64</prefix>
<algorithm xmlns:sr-cmn="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang\
:ietf-segment-routing-common">\
sr-cmn:prefix-sid-algorithm-shortest-path\
</algorithm>
<start-sid>200</start-sid>
<range>100</range>
</mapping-entry>
</entries>
</policy>
</mapping-server>
<connected-prefix-sid-map>
<connected-prefix-sid>
<prefix>2001:db8:aaaa:cccc::/64</prefix>
<algorithm xmlns:sr-cmn="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:\
ietf-segment-routing-common">\
sr-cmn:prefix-sid-algorithm-strict-spf</algorithm>
<start-sid>100</start-sid>
<range>1</range>
<last-hop-behavior>php</last-hop-behavior>
</connected-prefix-sid>
</connected-prefix-sid-map>
</bindings>
<srgb>
<srgb>
<lower-bound>45000</lower-bound>
<upper-bound>55000</upper-bound>
</srgb>
</srgb>
</sr-mpls>
</segment-routing>
</routing>
The following is the same example using JSON format.
{
"ietf-routing:routing": {
"ietf-segment-routing:segment-routing": {
"ietf-segment-routing-mpls:sr-mpls": {
"bindings": {
"mapping-server": {
"policy": [
{
"name": "mapping 1",
"entries": {
"mapping-entry": [
{
"prefix": "2001:db8:aaaa:bbbb::/64",
"algorithm": "ietf-segment-routing-common:\
prefix-sid-algorithm-shortest-path",
"start-sid": 200,
"range": 100
}
]
}
}
]
},
"connected-prefix-sid-map": {
"connected-prefix-sid": [
{
"prefix": "2001:db8:aaaa:cccc::/64",
"algorithm": "ietf-segment-routing-common:\
prefix-sid-algorithm-strict-spf",
"start-sid": 100,
"range": 1,
"last-hop-behavior": "php"
}
]
}
},
"srgb": {
"srgb": [
{
"lower-bound": 45000,
"upper-bound": 55000
}
]
}
}
}
}
}
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank Derek Yeung, Greg Hankins, Hannes
Gredler, Uma Chunduri, Jeffrey Zhang, Shradda Hedge, and Les Ginsberg
for their contributions.
Thanks to Ladislav Lhotka and Tom Petch for their thorough reviews
and helpful comments.
The authors would like to thank Benjamin Kaduk, Alvaro Retana, and
Roman Danyliw for IESG review and comments.
Authors' Addresses
Stephane Litkowski
Cisco Systems
Email: slitkows.ietf@gmail.com
Yingzhen Qu
Futurewei
Email: yingzhen.qu@futurewei.com
Acee Lindem
Cisco Systems
301 Mindenhall Way
Cary, NC 27513
United States of America
Email: acee@cisco.com
Pushpasis Sarkar
VMware, Inc
Email: pushpasis.ietf@gmail.com
Jeff Tantsura
Juniper Networks
Email: jefftant.ietf@gmail.com