Originally posted by the Voice of America. Voice of America content is produced by the Voice of America, a United States federal government-sponsored entity, and is in the public domain. NATO Continues Plans for Missile Defense by Andre deNesnera Concluding their summit in Chicago, leaders of NATO's 28 member states agreed on a unified plan to gradually wind down the war in Afghanistan. The plan, which calls for Afghan security forces to take the lead in combat operations by the middle of 2013, sees all NATO combat forces withdrawn from the country by December 2014. While Afghanistan was the main topic at the summit, NATO leaders also reaffirmed their commitment to a ballistic-missile defense system. Experts call the plan more flexible than former President George W. Bush's call to station 10 missile interceptors in Poland and a radar facility in the Czech Republic, a proposal which President Barack Obama shelved in 2009. The new plan would deploy a system of anti-missile interceptors based at sea on destroyers and cruisers coupled with advanced land-based versions, some of which would be based in former Warsaw Pact countries. Following the NATO summit, President Obama thanked the allies who are contributing to the defense system. "Our defense radar in Turkey will be placed under NATO control. Spain, Romania and Poland have agreed to host key U.S. assets. The Netherlands will be upgrading radars and we look forward to contributions from other allies," Obama said. Moscow, which has consistently opposed U.S. plans for a ballistic-missile defense system in Europe, does not believe the system's purpose is to defend against missile attacks from countries such as Iran, and Russian officials see it as aimed against Moscow - a charge the White House denies. "Since this system is neither aimed at nor undermines Russia's strategic deterrent, I continue to believe that missile defense can be an area of cooperation with Russia," said Obama. Newly re-elected Russian President Vladimir Putin declined his invitation to attend the NATO summit, saying that he had to stay in Moscow to form a new government. He sent Prime Minister Dmitri Medvedev instead. Russia expert Stephen Cohen of New York University sees another reason for Putin's decision. "He does not want to give any symbolic - at this crucial moment - sense that he is acquiescing to what remains the very hard American line on missile defense," he said. "Missile defense is now officially a NATO program discussed at the NATO summit in Chicago. It would look bad for Putin [to be] schmoozing it up with Obama at the very moment that the United States and NATO are congratulating themselves on the continued expansion of missile defense." John Parker of National Defense University said the Russian leadership has a stake in criticizing the missile-defense plans. "Putin and Medvedev have put out a substantially larger military rearmament budget between now and the year 2020, and there are a lot of lobbies that want their piece of that military budget pie," he said. "And so it is in their interest to play up this threat so that they get the money to build the weapons that, presumably, will counter that threat." Looking ahead, experts do not expect Moscow and Washington to resolve their differences about missile defense any time soon. Progress may be possible sometime next year at the earliest, they said, after the U.S. presidential elections. __________________________________________________________________ [1]http://www.voanews.com/content/nato_continues_plans_for_missile_defe nse/920174.html References 1. http://www.voanews.com/content/nato_continues_plans_for_missile_defense/920174.html