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From: boys@fis.utoronto.ca
Newsgroups: comp.arch.bus.vmebus,comp.answers,news.answers
Subject: comp.arch.bus.vmebus Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
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Summary: This posting contains a list of Frequently Asked Questions and
other information about the VMEbus computer system. The
VMEbus is an industrial grade open systems bus specification.
This FAQ contains general information about the VMEbus and
VXIbus specifications, where to obtain further information and
answers to questions often asked on comp.arch.bus.vmebus.
X-Last-Updated: 1995/09/13
Originator: faqserv@bloom-picayune.MIT.EDU
Xref: news1.ucsd.edu comp.arch.bus.vmebus:1842 comp.answers:13147 news.answers:51292
Archive-name: computer-arch/bus/vmebus-faq
Posting-Frequency: monthly
Last-modified: 1995/09/10
Version: 8.0
Frequently Asked Questions
comp.arch.bus.vmebus
This list is maintained by:
Robert Boys
Guelph, Ontario, CANADA
Email: r.boys@genie.geis.com
or
boys@fis.utoronto.ca
September 11, 1995
Version # 8b
=======================================================================
=======================================================================
= =
= I have a new Homepage: http://www.oise.on.ca/~rboys =
= The latest version of this FAQ is stored there =
= - i.e. the "work in process" version. =
= =
= This is also true for the FAQ for comp.sys.m68k which I am =
= in the process of "html'zing". =
= =
= This FAQ is also stored on: =
= http://www.hitex.com/automation/FAQ/vmefaq (California) =
= http://www.ba-karlsruhe.de/automation/FAQ/vmefaq (Germany) =
= http://www.ee.ualberta.ca/archive/vmefaq (Western Canada) =
= =
= My backup Homepage is http://www.sentex.net/~rboys =
= =
= You can get this entire FAQ with graphics by pointing your browser =
= at the indicated Web pages and looking for the file vmefaq.zip. =
= =
= There is a new mailing list for the OS/9 operating system: =
= =
= Subscription Address: os9-l-request@alfa1.it.pw.edu.pl with =
= Subject: subscribe =
= =
= List Address: os9-l@alfa1.it.pw.edu.pl =
= List Owner: Jacek Skorupski (jsk@it.pw.edu.pl) in Warsaw, Poland. =
= =
=======================================================================
=======================================================================
The information contained in this FAQ is believed to be correct and up
to date. Every effort has been made to ensure accuracy. The maintainer
cannot be responsible for errors and omissions. This article is
copyright (c) 1995 and all rights are reserved.
This article may be reprinted provided it is intact, proper credit is
given and no cost is levied. Contact the author for permissions.
What's New! new parts are indicated with a ]
------------
* US$150 C compiler offer from Introl Corp (non-commercial license)
* The profile on EKF in Germany has some prices added.
* Bob's Quote of the Month (at the very end of this FAQ)
CONTENTS:
==========
1) The USENET Newsgroup comp.arch.bus.vmebus
2) The VMEbus - Technical Information
A) The VMEbus - Introduction
B) The VMEbus - Description
C) DIN Connector Assignments
D) VME64 - a new standard
3) The VXIbus - Technical Information
A) The VXIbus - Introduction
B) The VXIbus - Description
C) DIN Connector Assignments
4) Information Sources
A) VMEbus Systems Magazine
B) VXI Journal
C) Real Time Engineering
D) Micrology pbt, Inc.
E) VITA - VMEbus International Trade Association
F) The Manufacturers
G) Unadvertised ftp and WWW Sites
5) Answers to Frequently Asked Questions
A) Newbridge Microsystems
B) Battery Clocks - MK48TO2B-xx
C) Where does the name "VME" come from?
6) Profiles
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
1) The USENET Newsgroup comp.arch.bus.vmebus
===============================================
The questions that appear on this newsgroup generally pertain to
specific technical questions that are beyond the scope of a FAQ, about
where to locate information about the VMEbus, where to find boards to
perform specific functions or the addresses of VMEbus manufacturers.
Many manufacturers of VMEbus equipment and associated products and
services monitor this newsgroup on a regular basis. They include:
Motorola Newbridge EKF Elektronik
Heurikon VITA Micrology pbt
DY 4 RadiSys Schroff, Inc
VMIC - VME Microsystems International Corp.
Radstone Technology PLC (UK)
et al your firm name here (email me)
The latest version of this FAQ is archived at:
ftp://nyquist.ee.ualberta.ca/pub/motorola/general/vmefaq
or
http://www.hitex.com/automation/FAQ/vmefaq (California)
http://www.ba-karlsruhe.de/automation/FAQ/vmefaq (Germany)
The working copy is on my Homepage - http://www.oise.on.ca/~rboys
2) The VMEbus - Technical Information
========================================
A) The VMEbus - Introduction
------------------------------
VMEbus modules are state of the art products and are used to construct
very powerful and rugged computer systems. The VMEbus is an industrial
open standard system. VMEbus boards have data bus sizes of 16, 32 or 64
bits and are designed to be plugged into a backplane that has up to 21
slots for other boards. These other boards can be CPU boards or
peripheral boards providing various functions.
The VMEbus standard originated with the Motorola VERSAbus in 1979 which
was designed using the then new MC68000 microprocessor. The VMEbus
signals are patterned after the M68000 bus signals and timing. VMEbus
boards now contain processors such as DEC Alpha, MIPS, i960, various DSP
chips, AM29000 (RISC chip), PowerPC and 80486 in addition to the
Motorola 680x0 line. Many peripheral boards exist including VGA,
telecommunication, analyzers, data acquisition, video processors and
memory (1 gigabyte!). The VMEbus originated in 1981.
The VXIbus is an instrumentation bus compatible (sort-of) with the
VMEbus. The VMEbus specification specifies the physical dimensions of
the boards, backplane and the chassis as well as the electrical
specifications of the bus and various communication protocols.
In addition to the VMEbus, the VXIbus and Futurebus+ will be covered in
this document in the future.
A PMC (PCI Mezzanine Card) is a proposed IEEE specification for a low
profile mezzanine expansion bus for VMEbus, Multibus II and Futurebus+
systems. It has a 32 or 64 bit bus and has the same electrical
specifications as the PCI bus (Peripheral Interconnect Bus).
There are over 200 vendors supplying products to the VMEbus community.
VMEbus suppliers are most active in the USA, Germany and Canada and
range from large corporations to small custom shops. Specifying a
VMEbus system releases the user from the expensive, time consuming and
sometimes (often) risky business of in-house hardware design.
Information resources for the VMEbus come mainly from three sources:
VITA, the VMEbus Systems Magazines edited by John Black and the
manufacturers. All prices quoted are in US dollars.
B) The VMEbus - Description
-----------------------------
A VMEbus board can be either single or double height. A single height
board is 100mm x 160mm with one 96 pin DIN 41612 connector called P1 on
the rear that plugs into the backplane. A double height board is 233mm
x 160mm and may have a second 96 pin DIN connector named P2. A single
height board is also known as a 3U and a double height a 6U. There are
9U boards in existence but they are not part of the VMEbus
specification. The front edge or face of a typical board is 20mm wide
and may incorporate RS-232 connectors, indicator lights and switches.
The backplane can have up to 21 slots providing the J1 connectors for
the boards to plug into. The J2 connectors (if required) can be
supplied with a second backplane board or in one piece with both J1 and
J2 connectors. A J1 (on the backplane) matches to a P1 (on the board)
and a J2 to a P2. The spacing between slots is 20.32 mm (0.8 inches).
Power is supplied to the VMEbus board through P1 and P2 (if used). The
DIN plugs used are arranged in three rows (A, B, C) of 32 pins on 0.1
inch centres. These plugs are approximately 0.85 mm wide and 84 mm
long.
P1 supports 16 and 24 bit addressing and 8 and 16 bit data paths. P2
uses the centre 32 pins to support full 32 bit data and addressing
paths. The two outer rows of P2 are user defined and are used for i/o
ports, disk drives and other external peripherals.
C) DIN Connector Assignments
------------------------------
========================================================================
J1/P1 Pin J2/P2 Pin
Assignments Assignments
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pin # Row A Row B Row C Row B
1 D00 BBSY* D08 +5v
2 D01 BCLR* D09 GROUND
3 D02 ACFAIL* D10 RESERVED
4 D03 BG0IN* D11 A24
5 D04 BG0OUT* D12 A25
6 D05 BG1IN* D13 A26
7 D06 BG1OUT* D14 A27
8 D07 BG2IN* D15 A28
9 GROUND BG2OUT* GROUND A29
10 SYSCLK BG3IN* SYSFAIL* A30
11 GROUND BG3OUT* BERR* A31
12 DS1* BR0* SYSRESET* GROUND
13 DS0* BR1* LWORD* +5V
14 WRITE* BR2* AM5 D16
15 GROUND BR3* A23 D17
16 DTACK* AM0 A22 D18
17 GROUND AM1 A21 D19
18 AS* AM2 A20 D20
19 GROUND AM3 A19 D21
20 IACK* GROUND A18 D22
21 IACKIN* SERCLK* A17 D23
22 IACKOUT* SERDAT* A16 GROUND
23 AM4 GROUND A15 D24
24 A07 IRQ7* A14 D25
25 A06 IRQ6* A13 D26
26 A05 IRQ5* A12 D27
27 A04 IRQ4* A11 D28
28 A03 IRQ3* A10 D29
29 A02 IRQ2* A09 D30
30 A01 IRQ1* A08 D31
31 -12V +5V STDBY +12V GROUND
32 +5V +5V +5V +5V
=======================================================================
Notes:
1) J2/P2 Rows A and C are user defined. They are specified in the
VXIbus which is one reason why the VXIbus and VMEbus are not totally
compatible.
2) A01 to A31 is the address bus. Notice it is similar to the MC68000
scheme ie without A0. DS0* and DS1* (DS = Data Strobe) specify the
upper or lower portion of the data bus. (rather than having a A0) See
the FAQ for comp.sys.m68k for a discussion of this issue.
3) * means an active low signal.
D) VME64 - a new standard
---------------------------
The regular VMEbus standard accommadates 32 bit address and data buses.
Data transfers are 32, 16 and 8 bytes wide. One type of data transfer,
called a Block Transfer, allow up to 256 bytes to be transferred with
only the start address placed on the address bus once. For the rest of
the transfer, the address bus is idle. The VME64 standard utilizes this
unused bandwidth to enable 64 bit block transfers. The lower 32 bits
are placed on the regular D0 to D31 and the upper 32 bits placed on the
idle address bus A01 to A31.
The VME64 standard adds many other advanced features. VME64 is a VITA
Standard. This standard, which has recently gained ANSI approval, is
backwards compatible with existing VMEbus boards.
For more information: http://www.vita.com/jvita.html
There is a VME64 Reflector (mailing list). To subscribe send Email to
Bob Snively (snively@sun.com) and to John Rynearson (techdir@vita.com)
including your name, Email address, telephone number and postal address.
Bob puts you on the reflector and John puts you on the mailing list.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
3) The VXIbus - Technical Information
========================================
A) The VXIbus - Introduction
------------------------------
The VXIbus is an instrumentation bus based on the VMEbus, the Eurocard
and standards such as IEEE 488.2 and the HP GPIB (General Purpose
Instrumentation Bus). It is an open architecture and is useful for
automated test systems and data collection. The issue of
electromagnetic radiation is part of the VXIbus specification. VXIbus
is an acronym for "VMEbus eXtensions for Instrumentation". The VXIbus
was announced in 1987.
The VXIbus expands on the VMEbus so the two bus specifications are very
similar. TTL and ECL trigger lines, a local bus and an analogue summing
bus are among the added features. The December 1988 issue of "VMEbus
Systems" contains a good outline of the VXIbus. The Spring 1995 issue
of "VXIjournal" is a VXIbus Buyer's Guide.
B) The VXIbus - Description
-----------------------------
There are two more board sizes in addition to the VMEbus single and
double sizes:
Size Height Dimensions (mm) Connectors Slot Spacing
---- ------ --------------- ---------- ------------
A Single 100 x 160 P1 0.8 inch
B Double 233 x 160 P1 & opt P2 0.8 inch
C Double 233 x 340 P1 & opt P2 1.2 inch
D Triple 366 x 340 P1, opt P2,P3 1.2 inch
------------------------------------------------------------------------
opt = optional
P1, P2 & P3 are the same 96 pin DIN connector as in the VMEbus.
The increased width of the C and D sizes are to accommodate thick
analogue modules and EMI shielding.
The VXIbus uses the same pin assignments on P1 and the centre P2 pins as
the VMEbus. The two rows (A & C) on P2 that were user defined on the
VMEbus are assigned on the VXIbus. Features added include ECL (emitter
coupled logic) and TTL trigger signals, a 10 Mhz ECL clock, more supply
sources (+-24, -2 and -5.2 volts), an analogue summing bus, local bus
lines and a module identification line. The optional P3 available on
the D size board offers the same type of resources as P2 but at a speed
of 100 Mhz (P2 is only 10 Mhz).
Reasons why the VMEbus and the VXIbus specifications are not totally
compatible include:
1) conflicts may arise depending on the use of the A & C rows on P2.
2) VMEbus Double height boards are not as deep as VXIbus size C.
3) The VMEbus has no configuration registers while the VXIbus does.
A VXIbus system can have up to 13 modules consisting of a central timing
module in Slot 0 and a maximum of 12 additional instrumentation modules.
C) DIN Connector Assignments
------------------------------
P1 and P2-B (the centre row) have the same pin assignments as the VMEbus
and are listed above. The outside 2 rows of P2 are specified in the
VXIbus. In the VMEbus specification, these two rows are user defined.
Since Slot 0 on the backplane is reserved for a system timing module,
P2-A has slightly different assignments than for Slots 1 to 12. P2-C
has essentially the same assignments for all slots.
to be continued.....
4) Information Sources
=========================
A) VMEbus Systems Magazine
----------------------------
25875 Jefferson (Advertising and Business Offices)
St. Clair Shores The Editorial Offices are at Micrology
Michigan, 48081 listed below.
(313) 774-8180
(313) 774-8182 (FAX)
This magazine is free to qualified VMEbus systems users and specifiers
in the United States and Canada. There is a subscription fee applicable
for other countries. This magazine contains industry news, informative
articles and useful advertisements. Back issues are available from
Micrology. For more information see http://www.primenet.com/~magpub.
The December 1994 issue is a useful Buyer's Guide.
B) VXI Journal
---------------
Business Offices Editorial Offices
---------------- -----------------
25875 Jefferson 11051 Pinto Drive
St. Clair Shores Fountain Hills
Michigan, 48081 Arizona, 85268
(313) 774-8180 (602) 837-3756
(313) 774-8182 (FAX) (602) 837-3768 (FAX)
Email address: vxijournal@aol.com
Published by the people at the VMEbus Magazine at the same addresses.
Subscriptions are free to qualified users of the VXIbus or GPIB in
Canada or the USA.
C) Real Time Engineering
-------------------------
A new magazine, Real Time Engineering, is also published by Micrology in
Arizona. The Spring 1995 edition is a Buyer's Guide.
To get a subscription request form for any of these magazines, send
Email to John Black, Editor (micrology@aol.com) or contact the offices
in Michigan.
The World Wide Web (WWW) site for these three magazines is:
http://www.primenet.com/~magpub.
D) Micrology pbt, Inc.
------------------------
2618 S. Shannon Drive
Tempe, Arizona 85282
(602) 967-5581
(602) 968-3446 (FAX)
(602) 968-9265 (Real Time Engineering Magazine)
micrology@aol.com John Black
A VXIbus Buyer's Guide - $33
Back issues of VMEbus Systems Magazine are available for $4 each.
Email micrology@aol.com and request a listing.
*** Micrology is having a sale on some back issues** (still??)
The Systems Engineer's Handbook:
A guide to building VMEbus and VXIbus systems:
John Black has edited this hard cover text that covers the VMEbus and
VXIbus thoroughly. This is an easy to read book that contains the
complete VMEbus and VXIbus specifications and information on graphics,
disk interfaces, Ethernet, image processing and interfacing to external
devices such as stepping motors...and much more.
It is available from the publisher for US$150 (800-321-5068).
excellent.
E) VITA - VMEbus International Trade Association
--------------------------------------------------
VITA VITA Europe
10229 North Scottsdale Rd P.O. Box 192
Suite B 5300 AD Zaltbommel
Scottsdale, Arizona 85253 The Netherlands
(602) 951-8866 31.4180.14661 (or .16593)
(602) 951-0720 (FAX) 31.4180.15115 (FAX)
John Rynearson Zoltan Hunor
Technical Director Director VITA
VITA USA Europe
techdir@vita.com hunor@knoware.nl
World Wide Web site: http://www.vita.com
VITA is the world-wide association of the VMEbus users and manufacturers
and as such organizes global promotion of the VMEbus including
exhibitions, seminars and courses. Vita does not test and approve
components but is a full member of ANSI and promotes standards of
interest to the community. VITA publishes various magazines and manuals
about the VMEbus.
In Europe, VITA has a mailing list of 100,000 engineers.
VMEbus Handbook $53
VMEbus Specification $32
The Handbook provides information for programmers, system integrators,
engineers while the VMEbus Specification provides more "hardware level"
information such as that needed for board design. These two books
provide the information needed to understand the VMEbus system and are
worth the moderate cost.
VITA also publishes a Buyer's Guide for $55 (or $110 a year).
VITA now offers a quarterly news publication, the VITA Journal, on a
complimentary subscription basis. It contains member and industry news
and the activities of the VITA Standards Organization.
F) The Manufacturers
----------------------
There are many manufacturers of VMEbus computer modules worldwide.
Refer to any of the Buyer's Guides listed above or post to
comp.arch.bus.vmebus for more information. Many manufacturers are
getting Internet Email addresses. They note them in their
advertisements in the magazines listed above.
Many VMEbus CPU boards have a built-in monitor program similar to the
TUTOR monitor and have a RS-232 port that can be hooked up to a terminal
or a host computer. Programs can be entered with the provided simple
assembler/disassembler and executed. Peripheral devices can be attached
easily to these boards. These boards are often available used and the
older ones with 68000/10 CPUs have a low cost(<$50) and is a good way to
become acquainted with the VMEbus. See the FAQ for comp.sys.m68k.
G) Unadvertised ftp and WWW Sites
-----------------------------------
Motorola http://www.motserv.indirect.com
http://www.mot.com
ftp://freeware.aus.sps.mot.com (Motorola BBS)
http://freeware.aus.sps.mot.com/index.html (for html)
ftp://pirs.aus.sps.mot.com (129.38.233.1) (AESOP & DR. BUB)
http://design-net.com/datacom - info on MC68302 and 68360.
There are many links between each of these sites.
DR. BUB (DSP information) is not operational yet.
------------------------------------------------------------------
VITA - http://www.vita.com
Heurikon - http://www.heurikon.com
(nifty daily cartoons)
Dallas Semiconductor - http://www.dalsemi.com
(Postscript data sheets)
Maximum Strategy Inc. - http://www.maxstrat.com (disk arrays)
]Hitex Corporation - http://www.hitex.com/automation for California
http://www.ba-karlsruhe.de/automation (Germany)
Automation and Process Control.
]Introl Corporation: http://www.introl.com
Introl is offering a non-commercial license for their US$2,000 C
compiler. This is the full version - it is not crippled. It comes with
an instruction manual. See their homepage for more information.
FAQ - comp.sys.m68k: for information on the Motorola M680x0 and MC683xx
--------------------
ftp://nyquist.ee.ualberta.ca/pub/motorola/m68kfaq
]http://www.ba-karlsruhe.de/automation/FAQ/m68k Germany
]http://www.hitex.com/automation/FAQ/m68k California
http://www.oritools.com/info (also 8051, HC11 and PowerPc FAQs)
5) Answers to Frequently Asked Questions
===========================================
A frequently asked question is "are there any easy-to-use devices to
provide a VMEbus interface to my computer design?". Two suppliers of
chips to do these tasks are Cypress and Newbridge .
A) Newbridge Microsystems
---------------------------
The VME64 (SCV64) controller chip provides a 64 bit VMEbus interface
from the local bus. This chip has a built-in DMA controller, VMEbus
address decoder and local bus burst modes. It is a 299 pin PGA
($308CDN) or a 304 pin PQFP ($256CDN) package.
Newbridge also make PCI to VMEbus interface ("UNIVERSE")($US160 @ 1K)
and Futurebus+ interface chips ("LIFE"). A new part, "TROOPER" is a low
cost ($40 1995 @ 1K) slave-only VMEbus interface chip. Available June
1995. The SCV64 and "TROOPER" are fabricated by Motorola.
The "SPANNER" is now in production. This is a MC68040 to PCI bridge
chip. This is Newbridge's introductory offering in this area.
(800) 267-7231 (North America), (613) 592-0714 in Canada or
(408) 258-3600 in California.
Email addresses:
nms-inquire@newbridge.com for general inquiries or
nms-support@newbridge.com for technical support.
<prices may be inaccurate> The SCV64 (33 Mhz QFP) has been reported as
costing US$ 332 (qty=5), US$ 287 (25) and US$ 248 (100).
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Cypress Semiconductor
----------------------
Cypress manufactures a series of useful VMEbus integrated circuits:
VIC64 - an enhanced VIC068. All the features of the VIC068 plus
MBLT support. (Multiplexed Block Transfer) Provides a direct
connection to the M68K family and mappable to others. VME64
compliant (64 bit block transfers - rates up to 70
mbytes/sec). 144TQFP, 144PPGA, 144CPGA, 160PQFP, 160CQFP.
$US 142 (Qty 100)
VIC068 - VMEbus Interface Controller - provides VMEbus controller
functions between a CPU and the external VMEbus. VMEbus
SYSCON (system controller), interrupt handler, local DMA and
a DRAM controller. 32/16/8 bit transfers. 144TQFP, 144PPGA,
144CPGA, 160PQFP, 160CQFP. $US 113 (Qty 100)
VAC068 - VMEbus Address Controller - forms a complete VMEbus
master/slave interface when used with the VIC068.
144PPGA, 144CPGA, 160PQFP, 160CQFP. $US 91 (Qty 100)
CY7C960 - Slave VMEbus Interface Controller - VME64 (64/32/16/8 bit
data transfers), auto-slot ID, DMA, DRAM controller with
refresh. 80 mbyte/sec Block Transfers. CR/CSR support (used
for Auto-slot identification to determine which slot a
participating module is in).
64TQFP, 64CQFP, 68CPGA. $US 29
CY7C961 - based on the CY960 - includes local and remote VMEbus Master
capability. on-chip DMA. 100 TQFP, 100CQFP. $US 47 (Qty 100)
CY7C964 - Bus Interface Logic Circuit - a companion part to the
products listed above. This 8 bit part is used to drive the
upper three bytes of the VMEbus data and address buses. Three
devices are needed for VIC068 and VIC64 and four with the
CY7C960/961. The VIC64 and VIC068 directly drive the lower
bytes. The purpose of this part is to simplify the
interfacing of the board logic by providing various counters,
latches, comparators and drivers.
64TQFP, 64CQFP, 68CPGA. $US 19 (Qty 100)
San Jose, California, U.S.A Toronto, CANADA.
Phone (408) 943-2600 Phone (416) 620-7276
FAX (408) 943-2741 FAX (416) 620-7279
vmebus@cypress.com Ed Dupuis (ead@cypress.com)
BBS: (408) 943-2954 (1200 to 19.2k, 8N1)
=====================================================================
B) Battery Clocks - MK48TO2B-xx
---------------------------------
Some VMEbus CPU boards contain a clock IC with an integral battery such
as the MOSTEK MK48TO2B-25. The battery in this device is supposed to
last for five years, then the entire chip must be replaced. It seems
nobody expected these boards to become obsolete at 5 years.
The MK48TO2B-25 is being discontinued and perhaps replaced by the
M48TO2-200PC1. Mauser Electronics <(800) 346-6873 or (817)483-4422> nor
Arrow have any MK48Ts and the M48Ts have a delivery time of 8 to 14
weeks. MOSTEK is apparently now owned by SGS-Thompson who will be
replacing the MK48TO2B with a 2 piece part called the "SnapHat". The IC
proper and the battery/crystal are replaced separately. This
information is provided by Gerry Belanger and Dennis Johnson.
Dallas Semiconductor makes the Timekeeper series of clock chips. Their
US phone number is (214) 450-0448 or (800) 336-6933.
The Dallas DS1642 may be replaced the Mostek MK48TO2B-25<not confirmed>.
The DS1642 is available in speeds of 120 or 150 nsec. It is available
directly from Dallas Semiconductor for about US$17 plus shipping with a
delivery time of 4 to 6 weeks. Dallas suggests that Newark Electronics
may have this item in stock. (800) 463-9275 CANADA only.(?)
How to add an external battery:
--------------------------------
The MK48TO2B-25 Mostek real time clock consists of a standard 24 pin DIP
with a black plastic cap attached to its top. This plastic restangular
cap contains the clock crystal and the battery.
This cap is attached at each end only with some sort of potting material
that seems to be an epoxy. If you put the MKT48 up to a light source
you should be able to see a gap between the plastic cap and the DIP.
Notice that the cap is glued to the DIP only at the ends and then only
in the centre of the ends. ie where the half-circle is molded into a
DIP to indicate where pins 1 and 24 are and at the corresponding place
at the other end.
The wires for the crystal and the battery pass through this potting
material on each side of the potting material. The crystal wires are at
the pin # 1 and 24 end of the DIP and the battery is at the pin # 12 and
13 end. These wires do not necessarily connect to these pins.
The idea is to cut through the potting material, disconnect the positive
internal battery wire and solder a new battery to the wire coming out of
the DIP nearest to pin 13 and the other to pin 12 (ground) of the DIP.
The positive (+) wire is towards pin 13 (but is not connected to it).
Ground is pin 12 (the external pin on the DIP).
I found a hacksaw blade the ideal tool to slowly cut through the potting
material. From time to time I would probe in the cut spot with a
voltmeter (gnd to pin 12) to see if I had reached the positive wire.
Even though the battery is near death, mine measured 0.9 volts which is
enough to detect. Then I continued cutting and scratching until the
wire was exposed. The rest is easy. Cut the wire in two and solder the
positive terminal of the new battery to the lower wire (ie the one that
comes out of the DIP). The wire is not microscopic and relatively easy
to work with once exposed.
A picture would be worth a million words, nay, a -billion- at this
point. Once you have done one, it would be easy to do many. I used a
small 3 volt clock battery that had two tabs spot welded on it.
Works great for me! Good Luck!
Please send suggestions for this article to r.boys@genie.geis.com
The original idea for this was provided by Michael Coughlin at MIT.
C) Where does the name "VME" come from?
-----------------------------------------
In case you are new to this newsgroup...
an article written by John Black:
What meaneth VME?
-------------------
In 1981, when Motorola agreed to allow Mostek and Signetics to second
source the MC68000 microprocessor chip, the three companies agreed to
meet and discuss the possibility of supporting a common backplane bus.
At that time Motorola had already developed a 68000-based backplane bus,
which they called VERSAbus. Since I had written a large portion of the
VERSAbus specification, I was the Motorola technical representative at
that meeting.
Motorola proposed that the three companies jointly support the VERSAbus
backplane. However, both Mostek and Signetics rejected that proposal,
saying that the VERSAbus board size was much too large. In response to
that objection, Motorola proposed that the (much smaller) Eurocard board
size be used. A backplane could then be designed with the VERSAbus
electrical specifications and the Eurocard mechanical specifications.
Motorola suggested that new board products (based on this new backplane)
be called VERSAmodule Eurocards, which could be abbreviated "VME".
Both Mostek and Signetics were satisfied with the choice of the Eurocard
mechanical standard, but they objected to the "VERSAmodule Eurocard"
name, since Motorola had already trademarked the name "VERSAmodule".
Eventually this difficulty was overcome when the three companies agreed
that the name VMEbus would be placed in the public domain, and that if
anybody asked what VME meant; they would say....
"VME?...Oh, it doesn't stand for anything in particular".
Now you know the awful truth.
by:
John Black
Editor
VMEbus Systems Magazine
Tempe, Arizona
micrology@aol.com
(reprinted here with permission)
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6) PROFILES:
===============
The purpose of this section is to profile some of the products of
various manufacturers to give an idea of what is available to the
designer and the state of the market. This section will be rotated and
previous sections will be archived.
This month, again, EKF is profiled. This is not complete yet. I am
still working on the prices.
EKF-Electronik GmbH
Phillip-Reis-StraBe 4
D-59065 Hamm
Germany
phone: (02381) 6890-0 FAX: (02381) 6890-90
Email: info@ekf.werries.de
EKF manufactures a broad line of VMEbus boards including CPU boards
(MC68000/030/040/060), video graphics, A/D converters, position control,
Serial Interface, ADCT Data Acquisition and parallel port adapters.
Prices shown are in US$ converted from Deutschmarks at a rate of 1.5.
These prices are "ballpark" figures and are for general informational
purposes only. Ranges indicate various options. Contact EKF for more
information.
VME 78004-TSC: Single height (3U) CPU board with a MC68000 CPU, 64k to
1 m SRAM, 68681 DUART, VMEbus Master interface. Optional
floppy and SCSI controllers, and a local expansion bus.
(78007-TSE)
VME 78045-TSC: 68040 CPU, 1 Mb SRAM, DUART, EPROM sockets, VMEbus Master
interface, local expansion bus for floppy and SCSI
controllers and 68230 parallel ports. 3U height.
VME 68080-U32: 68030 CPU, 68882 FPU (each 25/33 MHz), 512k/2 Mb SRAM,
DUART 68681, 68230 port, SCSI and floppy controllers,
RTC, 256k/1 Mb dual-ported memory, Provides a maximum
capacity of more than 6mb SRAM or 32 Mb DRAM. Full
height (6U) board. OS-9 support.
$ 1833 to 2500.
VME 68095-ZAC: 68040 CPU, 16 Mb SRAM, graphics (24 bit/pixel and 1 Mb
frame buffer), Ethernet interface, RTC, 4 serial.
Available with 68LC040 (no FPU) and 68EC040 (no MMU)
processors. $2526, 3106, 3760, 4786.
VME 68660-FBC: 68302 CPU, serial data channels. Suitable as a
controller for serial data transfers.
VME 68250: M-Module intelligent carrier board with 68030 CPU.
VMEbus Master/slave with SRAM, EPROM, FLASH and 2 serial
interfaces. $1600.
VME 68440-GDP: High Resolution Graphic Data Processor: Hitachi
HD64400-GDP graphics processor and 68030 CPU. Optional
68882 FPU, SCSI controller, additional DRAM (4/8/16 Mb)
and Ethernet controller. $2653 - 4086.
VME 78420-SAGA: Advanced Graphics Adapter (3U). Memory addressed
directly by the VMEbus. Fully configurable image formats
for medium to high graphics.
VME 68590-FDDI: Fibre Distributed Network Interface (a high performance
industrial network). 3U size. Local CPU is a 68(EC)030.
It can be operated as a dual or single attached station.
$3320.
VME 68580-LAN: 7990 LANCE (10 MHz) Ethernet DMA controller, 68HC000 CPU,
128 K SRAM, 512 K EPROM ,two serial interfaces (V.24),
DB15 (AUI) and BNC connectors.
For more information or to order datasheets: Email info@ekf.werries.de
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Most Friendly Contributors:
Andy Fraser Ontario
John Black Arizona
Michael Coughlin Massachusets (sold me my first VME board!)
Gerry Belanger Connecticut
Dennis H. Johnson ??
Bosco Chan Ontario
Michael Bodine Ilinois
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
and more to come.....
Please send all comments to:
Robert Boys
73 Knightswood Blvd.
Guelph, Ontario
CANADA
N1E 3W6
r.boys@genie.geis.com or boys@fis.utoronto.ca
]Quote of the Month:
Everytime you go sailing, two months are added to your lifetime. If the
boat is made of wood, 3 months are added.