________________________________________

              I DON'T RUN MY OWN MAIL SERVER ANYMORE

                           Nicolas Herry
             ________________________________________


                            2017/12/26





1 I don't run my own mail server anymore
========================================

  Since I got my first server on the net, I've always been running
  my own mail server. I started with an OpenBSD box at home, behind
  a rather slow DSL line, and spent quite some time configuring
  `sendmail', discovering how one can express his hatred of
  everything that is good in this world through the simple means of
  the design of [configuration file syntax]. I also remember
  hesitating between sticking with POP3 or making the jump to IMAP,
  and whether I should go with [Courier] or [Cyrus-IMAP], switch to
  [QMail] to benefit from a more secure implementation... The most
  challenging question remained whether Maildir was better than
  mbox. As you can see, life was good and simple, and setting up a
  mail server could be done in one evening of hard work and pizza
  eating.


[configuration file syntax]
<http://www.stderr.nl/Blog/Software/FreeBSD/sendmail-horror.html>

[Courier] <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Courier_Mail_Server>

[Cyrus-IMAP] <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrus_IMAP_server>

[QMail] <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qmail>

1.1 Mail today
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

  Today, things have changed. Spam, phishing and other delicacies
  now represent around [97% of all email traffic] and running a
  spam-filtering MDA like [SpamAssassin] is not going to cut it. In
  reaction to that, many standards emerged, trying to filter out
  domains displaying a bad behaviour, known spam relays,
  impersonating domains, and so on. Over the course of a few years,
  we've seen the following make it to our checklist when setting up
  a mail server:
  - SPF, [Sender Policy Framework]
  - DKIM, [DomainKeys Identified Mail]
  - DMARC, [Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting and
    Conformance]
  - PTR fiddling and reverse DNS lookup

  Once you've learnt about all this, configured it properly,
  securely, you realise that your email still doesn't make it to
  GMail. Why? Maybe your public IP used to belong to some known
  email relay, and this IP is now blacklisted everywhere. Who
  knows? /You/ certainly don't. At least, you don't if you're not a
  professional. So this is what happened: we went from a world
  where anyone could set up their own mail server to one where
  running such a service is best left to big corporations who can
  afford spending the time. Even if you can set it up, can you
  maintain it?


[97% of all email traffic]
<http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/7988579.stm>

[SpamAssassin] <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SpamAssassin>

[Sender Policy Framework]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sender_Policy_Framework>

[DomainKeys Identified Mail]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DomainKeys_Identified_Mail>

[Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting and Conformance]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DMARC>


1.2 A compromise
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

  Like I say in my contact page, having my mailbox hosted by GMail
  was only supposed to be a temporary solution to get by with, the
  time for me to set up a nice, clean email server again after the
  tear in the very fabric of reality was repaired and I would have
  my server fully up and running again. But considering the list of
  monsters I would have to tame this time, I was faced with a
  conundrum: I didn't want my email stored and used by a company
  like Google, and I didn't want to go through a nightmare of
  configuration to end up with a half-working solution. Luckily,
  while I was still debating those questions in my head, I received
  an alert from my registrar [Gandi.net] about the expiry of my
  domain name. And it clicked: Gandi.net is in many ways a
  dinosaur, escaped from an era where the internet was still this
  free space, opened to anyone, and the company was founded by
  activists who thought that since domain names cost nothing to
  produce, they should be provided as a public service. Gandi.net
  is not just a registrar, they also provide email hosting (as well
  as web hosting and VPSs, now). So, three clicks later, I had
  solved my issue. Sure, I have a quota (3GB for free, 50GB for
  just over 2 euros a month), but I can get by with the wonders of
  Gmane/Gwene to read my lists and news, and I can always backup my
  whole box with tools like OfflineIMAP and friends. So it seems
  really manageable, even for someone like me, who loves email and
  news so much I once spent an entire evening reading through
  alt.religion.emacs without getting bored or going mad.


[Gandi.net] <https://www.gandi.net>


1.3 The email is dead
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

  As we are reaching the end of 2017, almost 20 years have passed
  since I set up my first mail server. The naive world where SSL
  was an advanced security layer and a 20-line recipe in
  SpamAssassin was the best armor ever designed to protect your box
  to one where every email is suspect and victim of its own
  openness. Unless you're a professionnal, there's little chance
  you can still count email as a service you set up as a hobby. In
  a way, the email is dead, but my mailbox lives on.  Now if you'd
  excuse me, I have a contact page to update.